• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.232-239
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• 1996

돌연변이 유발 물질인 mitomycin C(MMC)를 처리하여 배양한 Chinese hamster ovary(CHO) cell에 대한 감잎차 추출액의 항돌연변이 효과를 자매 염색 분체 교환(sister chromatid exchange, SCE) 시험법을 사용하여 측정하여 보았다. 감잎차 추출액 자체는 CHO 세포의 SCE 빈도수를 변화시키지 않았으며, 세포의 분열 주기중 S phase에 S9 mixture 없이 감잎차 추출액이 처리되었을 경우 MMC로 유도된 SCE 빈도수를 감소시키지 않았다. 그러나 S9 mixture 존재하에 $G_{1}$ phase에서 MMC 처리 후 감잎차를 처리하는 후처리 방식으로 감잎차 추출액을 처리하였을 때, 저농도($\leq$40$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml)에서 MMC로 인해 유발된 SCE 빈도수가 낮아지는 것을 볼 수 있었다. 이에 비해 고농도(>40$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml)에서는 SCE 빈도수의 감소 효과가 없었다. 본 연구결과, MMC 처리된 CHO 세포에 대한 감잎차 추출액의 항돌연변이 효과를 볼 수 있었고, 이 효과는 S9 mixture 존재하에서 저농도의 감잎차 추출액이 $G_{1}$ phase에 처리되었을 때 나타났다. 감잎차 추출액의 이러한 항돌연변이의 효과의 기전은 감잎차 추출액의 대사산물이 MMC 처리된 CHO 세포에 대한 DNA-excision repair activity를 촉진시키기 때문인 것으로 생각된다.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.135-141
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• 2001

Endocrine disruptors have been implicated in carcinogenesis in animal studies, but carcinogenetic effects on human remain controversial. In order to examine the genotoxicity of two common endocrine disruptors, Bisphenol A and Diethylstilbestrol, cytogenetic endpoints including chromosome aberration (CA), sister chromatid exchange (SCE), micronuclei (MN) analyses and DNA damage by single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) were assessed. The effects of Bisphenol A and Diethylstilbestrol on the frequencies of CA and MN were increased in a dose-dependent manner and that of Bispheol A was more significant by Kendall'$\tau$test. Bisphenol A and Diethylstilbestrol also increased the frequency of SCE. Bisphenol A and Diethylstilbestrol induced DNA damage in a dose-dependent manner and the DNA damage induced by Diethylstilbestrol in human blood lymphocytes was more significant.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.253-262
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• 1994

This study was intended to investigate the anticarcinogenic effect of ginseng previously elucidated by other researches in animal studies. The sister chromatid exchange(SCE) method of human lymphocytes was used as a biomarker. Based on the literature search and the results of our laboratory, smoking was used as a parameter elevating the SCE frequency of general human population. To evaluate the smoking and ginseng effect on SCE frequency, 98 male healthy factory workers aged 23 to 58 years were divided into 4 groups : smoker with ginseng (SG), smoker control(SC), non-smoker with ginseng(NSG), and non-smoker control(NSC) groups, according to their smoking habits and ginseng intake. The mean sponteneous SCE per cell for the SG(10.8$\pm$0.3) and SC(10.4$\pm$0.3) groups were significantly higher than the NSG(9.1$\pm$0.2) and NSC(9.3$\pm$0.3) groups(p<0.05). High frequency cells (HFCs, cells with 15 SCEs) in SG and SC groups were also greater than those in NSG and NSC groups. However, the SCE levels of the SG and SC groups were not associated with the personal smoking history and the number of cigaretts smoked per day. Ginseng intake did not show any effect on the increased SCE caused by smoking. There were no correlations of the elevated SCE among smoking and ginseng types, history of ginseng intake, and consumption frequencies of ginseng intake. These results does not support the findings of other researchers that ginseng could be a protective agent to DNA damage.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.110-119
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• 1991

This study was performed to investigate the applicability of 9 chromosome aberration and sister chromatid exchange analysis for the assessment of cytotoxicity and cytogenetic effects of cadmium. Induction of chromosome aberration and sister chromatid exchange in CHO-K1 cells and human peripheral lymphocytes by 2 hour-treatment of CdCl$_{2}$ with various concentrations was observed in relation to their frequencies and types of aberration. The frequency of chromosome aberration in CHO cells treated with CdCl$+{2}$ at G$_{1}$ was increased with dose-dependent manner. When human peripheral lymphocytes were treated with cadmium at G0 and harvested at 72 hours there after, the response was dose-dependent and all the aberrations were also chromatid types. There was no significant increase in frequencies of sister chromatid exchange in both CHO cells and human lymphocytes treated with different concentrations of cadmium. It was suggested that SCE analysis was not a good assessment method for cadmium toxicity.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.55-65
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• 1990

This study was carried out to investigate the effects on sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and chromosome aberrations in PHA or LPS stimulated mouse spleen and bone marrow lymphocytes after an acute whole body irradiation. Frequencies of sister chromatid exchanges were significantly increased with the increased dose(from zero to 400tad) but there was no differences between B-cell and T-cell. By times, the maximum induced SCE levels was observed at 12 hours after irradiation and then returned to base level at one day in 100rad group and three day in 400rad group. There was a significant difference in chromosome aberration with increasing exposure. X-ray irradiated chromosome aberration was long lived relative to SCE. This results show that counting the incidence of SCE may not provide a sensitive system for detecting X-ray exposure.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.22
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• pp.9725-9730
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• 2014

Background: Sister chromatid exchange (SCE) in human peripheral blood lymphocytes is one of the most extensively studied biomarkers employed to evaluate genetic damage subsequent to pesticide exposure. Objective: To estimate the pooled levels of SCE in human peripheral blood lymphocytes among population exposed to pesticide. Materials and Methods: Meta-analysis on the association between SCE frequency and pesticide exposure was performed with STATA 10.0 software package and Review Manager 5.0.24 in this study. Results: The overall means of SCE were 7.88 [95% confidence intervals (95%CI): 6.71-9.04] for exposure group and 6.05 (95%CI: 5.13-6.95) for controls, respectively. There was statistically significant difference in the SCE frequency in human peripheral blood lymphocytes between pesticide-exposed groups and control groups, and the summary estimate of weighted mean difference was 1.69 (95%CI: 1.01-2.38). We also observed that pesticide-exposed population had significantly higher SCE frequency than control groups among smokers, nonsmokers, pesticide applicator, pesticide producer, other exposure population and Asian population in stratified analyses. Conclusions: Data indicate that the SCE frequency in human peripheral blood lymphocytes might be an indicator of early genetic esffects for pesticide-exposed populations.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.176-176
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• 2001

Endocrine disruptors have been implicated in carcinogenesis in animal studies, but carcinogenetic effects on human remain controversial. In order to examine the genotoxicity of two common endocrine disruptors, Bisphenol A and Diethylstilbestrol, cytogenetic endpoints including chromosome aberration(CA), sister chromatid exchange (SCE), micronuclei (MN) analyses and DNA damage by single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) were assayed.(omitted)

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.93-98
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• 1988

To elucidate the reaction mechanism of ginseng protein on its antiradiation activity, its effects were studied on sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) induced by UV irradiation in CHO-KI cells. When cells were irradiated with 254 nm UV light at the dose of 0 to 8erg$\textrm{mm}^2$, the frequencies of CSE were increased more than two fold. However, when radio protective ginseng protein was added to the cells before the after UV irradiation, SCE frequencies were decreased significantly at all UV doses in both cases with no significant differences. As the amount of ginseng protein was varied from 100 to 500 .mu.g/ml, with UV irradiation at 60 erg$\textrm{mm}^2$, SCE frequencies dropped sharply at the first two concentrations and then reached a sort of plateau in both cases of pre-and post-treatment. When the ginseng protein was treated alone without UV irradiation, there were no changes in SCE frequencies no matter when the protein was added. There results suggest that the ginseng protein could reduced DNA damages, which may play an important role in the reaction mechanism of radioprotective activity of the protein.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.91-98
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• 1996

산업장이나 생활환경에서 접하기 쉬운 수용성 염화물을 중심으로 19개 원소 24종의 금속화합물이 Chinese Hamster Don 세포에 있어서의 sister chromatid exchange(SCE) 출현빈도에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. Chinese Hamster Don 세포에 대한 자매염색분체 교환출현빈도의 증가가 $CrO_3, K_2CrO_4, K_2Cr_2O_7, MnCl_2, K_2SeO_3, CH_3HgCl$ (p<0.01), $CoCl_2, Na_2HAsO_4, HgCl_2$ (p<0.05) 9종의 금속화합물에서 나타났으며, dose-response relationships이 현저한 금속화합물은 6가 크로화합물과 $K_2SeO_3$이었다.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.533-544
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• 1994

정신분열 살인환자로 격리 치료를 받고 있는 집단을 대상으로 이들을 치료하고자 복용시키는 Haloperidol, Perphenazine, Lithium carbonate 등과 같은 항정신질환 치료제가 자매염색분체 교환(Sister Chromatid Exchange SCE)에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 항정신질환 치료제를 계속적으로 복용하고 있는 환자 100명(남자: 76명, 여자: 24명)과 치료제를 전혀 복용하지 않은 남자 환자 10명을 대조군으로 하여 SCE의 빈도를 분석한 결과 항정신질환 치료제를 복용한 환자군에서의 SCE 평균빈도는 세포당 12.24$\pm$0.20으로 항정신질환 치료제를 복용하지 않은 대조군에서의 평균빈도인 세포당 8.77$\pm$0.20보다 높아 유의한 차이를 볼 수 있었다 그러나 항정신질환 치료제를 복용하지 않은 대조군에서의 평균빈도는 이미 보고된 바 있는 정상인 한국인 집단에서의 평균빈도인 세포당 8.78$\pm$0.24(Park et al. , 1992)와 별 차이가 없었다 한편 항정신질환 치료제를 장기간 복용하는데 따른 SCI 빈도의 차이가 있는지의 여부를 보기 위하여 1년 미만에서 6년 정도까지의 치료제 복용기간에 따른 SCE의 평균빈도를 비교 분석한 바 복용기간에 따른 SCE 평균빈도의 유의한 차이는 볼 수 없었다. 정신분열환자들이 복용하고 있는 항정신질환 치료제가 SCE에 영향을 줄 수 있다는 결과를 얼었다.