• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.52-58
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• 2002

The pitch range of the human voice is variable, extending from chest register to falsetto. Although numerous studies have investigated after laryngeal mechanism description of registers, systematic and objective studies were lack. The purpose of this study was to analyze and compare head register with chest register of singers acoustically. Fifteen healthy tenor major students were selected. Fifteen healthy untrained adults were the control group for this study. Long term average(LTA) power spectrum using the Fast Fourier transform(FFT) algorithm and Linear predictive coding (LPC) filter response were made during /a/ sustained in both head(G4, 392Hz) md chest registers (C3, 131Hz). Statistical analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney test. In the LTA power spectrum, head register of singer has increased level(energy gain) in the frequency band of 2.2-3.4kHz(p<0.01), and 7.5-8.4kHz(p<0.01, p<0.05). Chest register of singer has increased level in the frequency band of 2.2-3.1kHz(p<0.01), 7.8-8.4kHz(p<0.05) and around 9.6kHz(p<0.01). LTA power spectrum reveals a peak of acoustic energy around 2500Hz known as the singer's formant and another peak of acoustic energy around 8000Hz in singer's voice.

• 인간행동과 음악연구
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.69-79
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• 2005

This study was purported to examine the definition of tone deafness, various factors for the cause based on literature review of research findings, and to examine therapeutic application of music for treatment of tone deafness. With research, it was found that there can be three different kinds of tone deafness; amusia, agnosia, and asonia. Literature review showed that tone deafness has been frequently dealt in many research in order to verify the causal factors, such as gender, age, and environments. With time, the research trend on tone deafness has shifted towards neurological approach closely examining brain activity, presenting the statement that the brain's capacity to perceive modest pitch changes may be congenitally impaired. Also physiological factors contribute to tone deafness called diplacusis, which is a phenomenon wherein a given tone is heard as different pitches by the two ears, resulting in conflicting bilateral perception of pitch. Music can be used for treatment of various factors causing tone deafness. The most efficient intervention was singing program. Pitch-matching training can be effective training using operant conditioning procedure. Successive approximation or reinforcement of correct response alone was more efficient procedure in helping uncertain singers to sing on pitch. Also progressive breathing exercises helped the training the pitch-matching where one had to coordinate hearing and voice.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.88-93
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• 2003

성악훈련을 받고있는 여학생들은 호흡훈련과 호흡훈련 보조기구를 이용하여 훈련을 하면서 발성연습을 하면 최대호기압과 최대흡기압이 증가하여 호흡근육의 근력이 증가하였다는 것을 알 수 있었으나 호흡기능에는 변화가 없어 호흡훈련에 의해 폐기능이 증진되지는 않는다는 결론을 얻게 되었다. 최대발성지속시간 역시 크게 증가하여 성악을 공부하는 학생들이 이 방법대로 훈련을 하는 것이 효과적이지 않을까 추정된다.

• 정보처리학회논문지D
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• 제19D권3호
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• pp.211-220
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• 2012

최근 들어 K-POP의 인기가 국내 뿐 아니라 외국에서도 선풍적인 인기를 모으고 있다. 이 이유는 한 곡에서 똑같은 멜로디의 반복이 70여번까지 행해지는 등 귀에 박힐 듯이 반복되는 후크송이라는데 특징이 있다. 여기에 군무 등 시각적 요소 등이 가미되면서 인기를 끌고 있다. 본 논문에서는 60년대부터 K-POP에 이르기까지 우리나라 가요의 시대별 선호이유를 음향 신호 분석기술을 적용하여 분석하는 방법을 제안하고자 한다. 이를 위해 각 시대별로 유행했던 여자 가수들의 가요를 중심으로 음향 신호 분석을 통해 한국가요의 선호도가 어찌 변해 왔는지를 규명하는 실험을 행하고자 한다. 음향신호분석 기술을 적용하여 실험을 행한 결과 한국가요의 선호도에 대한 과학적 규명 및 이를 시대별로 구분 짓는 작업이 가능했으며 기존에 한국 가요의 선호 이유에 대한 주관적, 통계적 자료를 음향 신호 분석의 정량적 잣대로 객관화, 수치화를 행할 수 있었다.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.519-531
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• 2012

This study comprehends the various expressions of Lady Gaga's fashion style based on Craig Owens's Allegory theory. This study analyzed four application elements of Borrow, Site Specificity, Accumulate of Strategy, and Hybridization in addition, it studied all aspects of the aesthetic value of Lady GaGa (an influential popular culture icon). It was classified in the external representation of the fashion style for the aesthetic value. The results are summarized as follows: First, 'Borrow' of the singers of the 80's music and fashion style present from her elders and visual homage to shock artists. It influenced her fans with a difference in viewpoint for a star's fashion that subsequently resulted in a deformation of form, playful kitsch style, and mixed gender. Second, 'Site specificity' presents an extreme make over through an intentional and grotesques fashion style to extend physical territory and defenseless. The results remove stereotypes and reveal deconstructive performances. Third, 'Accumulate of strategy' simultaneously presents voluptuous beauty, futurism, and avant-garde style. This shows the countercultural tendency through the random repetition of fashion images and layerd coordination. Finally, 'Hybridization' presents multiful fashion style through a collaboration with world-famous designers and cosmetic brands. She expressed a diverse and complex fashion style composed of an art form that combines a high-tech cyborg image. The aesthetic values of Lady Gaga' fashion style are 'ambivalence virtuality', 'Transcendental mixed gender', 'plural textuality', and 'unexpected play culture'.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.4418-4423
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• 2015

본 논문은 k-pop의 세계화를 위한 장기적 방안의 일환으로, 현 실용음악 교육체제의 변화를 촉구하는 논문이다. 한국의 대중음악은 이전에 비해 음악적으로는 물론 음향적으로도 크게 발전하였고 k-pop이라는 이름으로 전 세계적으로 인기를 끌고 있다. 그러나 아이돌 음악이라는 한계를 벗어나지 못하고 있고, 음악적인 자질 문제와 관계하여 많은 문제점들이 대두되고 있다. 하지만 그럼에도 불구하고 또 다시 수많은 아이돌이 나타나고 사라지기를 반복하고 있다. 최근 공개 오디션 프로그램으로 인해서 전체적으로 실력이 상승하는 추세이지만 아직도 부족한 것은 사실이다. 이러한 상황 속에서 그저 기획사와 방송 오디션 프로그램 등에 유망주 발굴을 맡기기에는 역부족이다. 그러므로 대중음악도 클래식이나 국악과 같이 특성화된 중 고등학교를 설립하여 기초교육 부터 철저히 이행하여야 한다. 그러면 더 이상 어린나이에 학교생활에는 부진한 채로 소속사에 들어가거나 학원에서 높은 수업료를 지불하고 검증되지 않은 강사에게 음악을 배우는 것은 사라질 것이다. 또한 학업의 부진도 면하게 하여 지성인으로써의 면모도 갖출 수 있게 될 것이다. 그와 더불어 대학의 교직과정 설치와 교육대와 사범대에 실용음악교육과정의 개설을 통해 본격적으로 음악교육자 양성을 실시해야 한다.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.58-73
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• 2013

In China, the phenomenon called 'Korean Wave' has boosted the interest in Korean pop culture, such as TV drama, music and films, and even in the general culture and society. As Korean singers, movie actors and talents become popular beyond acceptance of public culture, those who learn Korean, buy Korean products and visit Korea have emerged. Especially, most Chinese women have used Korean hair cosmetics and the interests in Korean hair cosmetics are increasing, since cosmetic companies entered China early due to Korean wave. Thus, the status of purchase of Korean hair cosmetics is growing day by day in China. In particular, since the environment is established to buy hair cosmetics easily in Myeong-dong which is one of the shopping tourism special districts, many Chinese tourists are crowded there. Based on such phenomenon, this study explored the differences in perceptions towards 'Korean Wave' among Chinese tourists who purchased Korean hair cosmetics in Myeong-dong, and analyzed the factors that largely determine the interest in Korean hair cosmetics and their purchase behavior. Therefore, this study is aimed at contributing to the development of hair cosmetics products and the market amid Korean Wave. As the research methods, 100 answered questionnaires were collected with target of Chinese tourists at 20s and 40s who purchased Korean hair cosmetics in Myeong-dong once 120 questionnaires were distributed. In-depth analysis was conducted and final research data were used. It was confirmed that Korean fever positively affected the Chinese tourists' purchase behavior and satisfaction of hair cosmetics, and the interests in Korean hair cosmetics at 20s were higher than at 40s. People at 20s had higher awareness, satisfaction and intention of repurchase of hair cosmetics compared rather than people at 40s. The research confirmed that Chinese tourists are very interested in Korean hair cosmetics as the pop music craze has led to the general Korean Wave, and differences in such perceptions have led to significant differences in the product purchase behavior.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.754-766
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• 2016

가면의 힘과 <복면가왕>의 출연자 중 한 사람인 '우리 동네 음악대장(이하 '음악대장')'의 인기는 어떠한 관련성이 있으며 음악대장의 열풍은 동시대 한국 사회의 어떠한 측면을 투영하고 있는가? 이 연구는 이러한 질문들에 답하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 <복면가왕>의 여러 회차들 중 음악대장의 도전부터 탈락까지를 연구의 대상과 범위로 선정하였고, 가면의 힘을 이해하기 위해 가면의 기원 및 용도, 그리고 가면의 정체성 숨기기 및 노출시키기의 문화적 의미에 대해 살펴보았다. 연구 결과, 음악대장은 가면을 통해 익명적 전형성을 전시함으로써 정체성에 대한 궁금증을 증폭시켰다. 그는 또한 가면 아래에서 다소 거칠고 통제되지 않은 그러면서도 장난스러운 방식으로 기존 음악 프로그램의 형식과 매너에 저항적 몸짓을 보여주었다. 이러한 과정을 통해 음악대장은 주류 세계에 자신을 알리고자 하는 자기현시의 욕망을 노출하였다. 결과적으로 가면은 그것의 익명성과 저항성을 통해 자본주의 이데올로기의 계층 고착화에 저항할 수 있는 효율적인 도구로 기능하는데, 바로 이것이 가면의 힘이자 음악대장 열풍의 근원이라 할 수 있다.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 2007년도 한국음성과학회 공동학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.143-145
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• 2007

Muscle groups that are located in and around the vocal tract can produce audible changes in frequency and/or intensity of the voice. Vocal vibrato is a characteristic feature in the singing of performers trained in the western classical tradition and vibrato is generally considered to result from modulation in frequency amplitude and timbre. Vocal tremor is also characterized by periodic fluctuations in the voice frequency or intensity and vocal tremor is symptom of a neurological disease as Spasmodic dysphonia , Parkinson's disease. Vocal vibrato and Vocal tremor may have many of the same origins and mechanisms in the voice production systems. The purpose of this study is to find acostic character of Korean traditional song Pansori singer's vibrato and Spasmodic dysphonia patient's vocal tremor. twelve Pansori singers and seven Spasmodic dysponia patients participated to this study. Power spectrum and Real time Spectrogram are used to analyze the acoustic characteristics of Pansori singing and Spasmodic dysphonia patient's voice The results are as follows; First, vowel formant differences between Pansori singing and Spasmodic dysphonia patient's voice are higher F1, F3. Second, The vibrato rate show differences between Pansori singing and Spasmodic dysphonia patients;$4^{\sim}6/sec$ and $5{\sim}6/sec$ Vibrato rate of pitch is 5.7 Hz ${\sim}$ 42.4 Hz for Pansori singing , 3.8 Hz ${\sim}$ 27.9 Hz for Spasmodic dysphonia patients ;Vibrato rate of intensity range is 0.07 dB ${\sim}$ 8.26 dB for Pansori singing and 0.07 dB ${\sim}$ 4.81 dB for Spasmodic dysphonia patients

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.76-80
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• 2000

Tongue-tip trill is a sound made by the tongue tip making contract with the alveolar ridge and oscillating rapidly as sound is produced. It is an exercise used by many singers to warm up the voice and used as one of the methods of voice rehabilitation for patients who have the vocal folds scarred postoperatively and also who present with a variety of disorders, particularly hypofunction and presbyphonia. We intended to investigate the mucosal vibration of the true vocal folds on tongue-tip trill by electroglottography and to find e effective methods of tongue-tip trill. One adult male volunteer participated. Spectrography and electroglottography were checked repeatedly 15 times, more than 5 second in each times, at same pitch, in three conditions of phonation : sustained /a/ vowel, anterior trill in which tongue-tip vibrated at anterior portion of alveolar ridge just behind the anterior tooth, and posterior trill in which at palatal crest behind the transverse palatine fold We measured the first and second formant to determine indirectly the position of tongue and calculated speed quotient and the ratio of closing phase to closed phase. Speed quotients of posterior trill were higher than sustained /a/ vowel and anterior trill in 14 times. The ratio of closing phase to dosed phase of posterior trill were lower than the others in 14 times. Mucosa of true vocal folds is vibrated more effectively on posterior trill rather than sustained /a/ vowel and anterior trill. So, when tongue-tip trill is used as a method of voice rehabilitation, we suggest that posterior trill is better in producing effective mucosal vibration