• BMB Reports
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.160-165
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• 2009

The temperate Staphylococcus aureus phage ${\Phi}11$ harbors cI and cro repressor genes similar to those of lambdoid phages. Using extremely pure ${\Phi}11$ Cro (the product of the ${\Phi}11$ cro gene) we demonstrated that this protein possesses a single domain structure, forms dimers in solution at micromolar concentrations and maintains a largely $\alpha$-helical structure even at $45^{\circ}C$. ${\Phi}11$ Cro was sensitive to thermolysin at temperatures ranging from $55-75^{\circ}C$ and began to aggregate at ${\sim}63^{\circ}C$, suggesting that the protein is moderately thermostable. Of the three homologous 15-bp operators (O1, O2, and O3) in the ${\Phi}11$ cI-cro intergenic region, ${\Phi}11$ Cro only binds efficiently to O3, which is located upstream of the cI gene. Our comparative analyses indicate that the DNA binding capacity, secondary structure and dimerization efficiency of thermostable ${\Phi}11$ Cro are distinct from those of P22 Cro and $\lambda$ Cro, the best characterized representatives of the two structurally different Cro families.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.284-288
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• 2015

Training power tiller operators in safe farming is necessary to avoid farming accidents. With the continuing progress in computational technology, driving simulators have become increasingly popular for conducting such training. Purpose: The objective of this study is to develop mock control devices and data acquisition apparatus for a tiller simulator. Methods: Except for the stand and tail wheel adjusting levers, the mock control devices were developed using a tiller handle assay. The data acquisition apparatus was realized using an embedded data-logging device and LabVIEW, the system design software. Results: The control devices of a real handle assay were successfully mimicked by the mock operator control devices, which used sensors for the relevant measurements. The data from the mock devices were acquired and transmitted to the main computer at intervals of 10 ms via Wi-Fi. Conclusions: The developed mock control devices operate similar to real power tillers and can be utilized in power tiller training simulators.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.151-166
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• 2018

This paper compares the four selections of performance used in the application of genetic algorithms (GAs) to automatically optimize multispectral pixel cluster for unsupervised classification from KOMPSAT-3 data, since the selection among three main types of operators including crossover and mutation is the driving force to determine the overall operations in the clustering GAs. Experimental results demonstrate that the tournament selection obtains a better performance than the other selections, especially for both the number of generation and the convergence rate. However, it is computationally more expensive than the elitism selection with the slowest convergence rate in the comparison, which has less probability of getting optimum cluster centers than the other selections. Both the ranked-based selection and the proportional roulette wheel selection show similar performance in the average Euclidean distance using the pixel clustering, even the ranked-based is computationally much more expensive than the proportional roulette. With respect to finding global optimum, the tournament selection has higher potential to reach the global optimum prior to the ranked-based selection which spends a lot of computational time in fitness smoothing. The tournament selection-based clustering GA is used to successfully classify the KOMPSAT-3 multispectral data achieving the sufficient the matic accuracy assessment (namely, the achieved Kappa coefficient value of 0.923).

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.581-593
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• 2010

The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of raw water pH and basicity of coagulants on turbidity removal with several raw waters having different level of turbidity, alkalinity and pH. Raw waters were sampled from M, S and B water treatment plants(WTP) located at Miryang, Nakdong, Han river, respectively. Six coagulants which have different levels of basicity and aluminum contents were used for this evaluation. High basicity of the coagulant helped to properly control coagulation processes for treating turbid and low alkali raw water. It was difficult for operators to determine optimum coagulant dose for high basicity coagulants, since residual turbidity tended to decrease continuously as coagulant dose increased. Turbidity removal efficiencies with high basicity coagulants(E and F) were higher than the other coagulants at ambient pH for the M WTP. Turbidity removal efficiencies, however, at adjusted pH 7.0 showed similar among six coagulants. Residual turbidity kept low at excess dosages with high basicity coagulants. Optimum coagulant dosages at adjusted pH 7.0 showed higher than those at ambient pH in M WTP. On the contrary in B WTP, optimum coagulant dosage at ambient pH were higher than that at adjusted pH 7.0.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.144-152
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• 2016

Human capabilities, such as technical/nontechnical skills, have begun to be recognized as crucial factors for nuclear safety. One of the most common ways to improve human capabilities in general is training. The nuclear industry has constantly developed and used training as a tool to increase plant efficiency and safety. An integrated training framework was suggested for one of those efforts, especially during simulation training sessions of nuclear power plant operation teams. The developed training evaluation methods are based on measuring the levels of situation awareness of teams in terms of the level of shared confidence and consensus as well as the accuracy of team situation awareness. Verification of the developed methods was conducted by analyzing the training data of real nuclear power plant operation teams. The teams that achieved higher level of shared confidence showed better performance in solving problem situations when coupled with high consensus index values. The accuracy of nuclear power plant operation teams' situation awareness was approximately the same or showed a similar trend as that of senior reactor operators' situation awareness calculated by a situation awareness accuracy index (SAAI). Teams that had higher SAAI values performed better and faster than those that had lower SAAI values.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.99-107
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• 2016

Forest service government has been prepared a Forest welfare voucher service system base on published law on th Promotion Welfare Forest. The purpose of this research is study on domestic situation and set on direction of voucher service before started it. In particular, voucher service will be implemented to Forest service government's recreation facilities area, awareness of voucher service system of its users and operators need to be reveal, and also other government's similar voucher operator's opinions also investigate. From those results, it find out introduction factors of forest welfare services voucher system. Recognition investigating survey result shows that the ordinary people are interested in programs, the forest recreation experts are interested in 'Construction and utilization of forest infrastructure', other voucher's experts are interested in 'Training', and ordinary people are interested in 'voucher programs'. So each respondents' results are different in important factors of introducing welfare service voucher system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.246-255
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• 2021

Most fishing vessels are less than 100 m in length (LBP), which is not mandatory for the IMO standards for ship maneuverability. Therefore, research on estimating the maneuverability of fishing vessel hull shapes are somewhat lacking compared to that of merchant ship hull shapes, and at the design stage, the numerical simulation method developed for merchant ships are applied without modification to estimate the maneuverability. Since this can cause estimation errors, the authors have derived a modified empirical formula that can improve the accuracy of estimating the maneuverability of fishing vessels in a previous study. In this study, using the modified empirical formula, the IMO maneuverability evaluation items, the turning motion test and Z-test simulations were performed on the fisheries training vessel BAEK-KYUNG and compared with the sea trial test result to verify the validity of the modified empirical formula. In conclusion, the modified empirical formula was able to estimate quantitatively and qualitatively similar to the result of the sea trial test. Such a study on estimating the maneuverability of fishing vessels will be a good indicator for fishing vessel operators and will help them analyze marine accidents.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.142-152
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• 2021

The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the World Customs Organization (WCO) emphasize securing supply chain security through mutual cooperation between aviation security and customs by establishing a standardized security system by regulations, procedures and practices of international air cargo. Accordingly, in accordance with the Aviation Security Act, the known consignors system aims to secure cargo security before loading air cargo into the aircraft, while the customs AEO system is a public-private cooperation program that focuses on simplification of customs clearance procedures. These systems basically have the same purpose of effectively identifying high-risk cargo through a risk-based approach in international air cargo transportation and preventing risks in advance, and the content that a common basic standard for cargo security must be established is also similar. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a cooperation system by simplifying problems such as cumbersome and redundant authentication procedures and on-site verification through coordination of security requirements for mutual recognition between the two systems. As a result, it is necessary to establish a process for coordinating security and customs' supply chain security program and maximize the effect of harmonizing supply chain security by strengthening the linkage between known consignors and AEO.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.78-88
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• 1995

For producing iron or steel products with good quality, the concentration of the material components should be analyzed quickly with high relability using XRF(Fluorescent X-Ray Spectrometer). Since the analysis results are much dependent upon the surface con- dition, the samples have to be prepared to have good test condition. This study presents an image processing system for inspecting the surface condition of the iron test sample. In order to use thd computer vision system, we need to develop a lighting device and image processing algorithm. For the adequate lighting device of inspection system, the indirect lighting device is contrived to cut the external light and provide uniform, stable and cold light. The image processing algorithm is aimed to reduce inspection time and to get similar analyzing results to those of the experienced operators. At first, the image processing algorithm checks whether the surface of the iron sample is ground well or not. Then, the defects; hole or dig are conted and surface condition is evaluated. In addition, the algorithm gives the reliability of the analyzing results in order to help operator's decision.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.34 no.10
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• pp.474-492
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• 2007

In the protein interaction network, there are many meaningful functional modules, each involving several protein interactions to perform discrete functions. Pathways and protein complexes are the examples of the functional modules. In this paper, we propose a new method for detecting the functional modules based on concept. A conceptual functional module, briefly concept module is introduced to match the modules taking them as its instances. It is defined by the corresponding rule composed of triples and operators between the triples. The triples represent conceptual relations reifying the protein interactions of a module, and the operators specify the structure of the module with the relations. Furthermore, users can define a composite concept module by the counterpart rule which, in turn, is defined in terms of the predefined rules. The concept module makes it possible to detect functional modules that are conceptually similar as well as structurally identical to users' queries. The rules are managed in the XML format so that they can be easily applied to other networks of different species. In this paper, we also provide a visualized environment for intuitionally describing complexly structured rules.