• Title/Summary/Keyword: silicate

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An experimental investigation on dynamic properties of various grouted sands

  • Hsiao, Darn-Horng;Phan, Vu To-Anh;Huang, Chi-Chang
    • Geomechanics and Engineering
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.77-94
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    • 2016
  • Cyclic triaxial and resonant column tests were conducted to understand the beneficial effects of various grouted sands on liquefaction resistance and dynamic properties. The test procedures were performed on a variety of grouted sands, such as silicate-grouted sand, silicate-cement grouted sand and cement-grouted sand. For each type of grout, sand specimen was mixed with a 3.5% and 5% grout by volume. The specimens were tested at a curing age of 3, 7, 28 and 91 days, and the results of the cyclic stress ratio, the maximum shear modulus and the damping ratio were obtained during the testing program. The influence of important parameters, including the type of grout, grout content, shear strain, confining pressure, and curing age, were investigated. Results indicated that sodium silicate grout does not improve the liquefaction resistance and shear modulus; however, silicate-cement and cement grout remarkably increased the liquefaction resistance and shear modulus. Shear modulus decreased and damping ratio increased with an increase in the amplitude of shear strain. The effect of confining pressure on clean sand and sodium silicate grouted sand was found to be insignificant. Furthermore, a nonlinear regression analysis was used to prove the agreement of the shear modulus-shear strain relation presented by the hyperbolic law for different grouted sands, and the coefficients of determination, $R^2$, were nearly greater than 0.984.

Improvement of Rheological Properties of Silica Composites Employing Response Surface Methodology (반응표면분석법을 이용한 실리카복합재료의 레올로지 속성 개선)

  • Yim, Gie-Hong;Yang, Seung-Nam;Kim, Nam-Ki
    • Polymer(Korea)
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    • v.32 no.1
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    • pp.19-25
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    • 2008
  • The purpose of this study was improving the rheology properties of dentifrice by finding optimum binders polymer system which consists of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), carbomer, and Mg/Al silicate. Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to investigate the correlation between polymers and rheological properties of dentifrice and to optimize responses. Rheological properties were measured with oscillatory rheometer. As a result, it was identified that gel strength and yield stress were dependent on contents of CMC and carbomer and CMC caused long stringiness of dentifrice. And springness of dentifrice was dependent on contents of CMC and Mg/Al silicate. Optimum components proportion of polymers and silicate were obtained by responses optimization process. According to determined optimum components proportion, it was possible to observe a dentifrice with improved rheological properties.

CMP Slurry Induction Properties of Silicate Oxides Deposited on Silicon Wafer (실리콘 웨이퍼위에 증착된 실리케이트 산화막의 CMP 슬러리 오염 특성)

  • 김상용;서용진;이우선;장의구
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.131-136
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    • 2000
  • We have investigated the slurry induced metallic contaminations of undoped and doped silicate oxides surface on CMP cleaning process. The metallic contaminations by CMP slurry were evaluated in four different oxide films, such as plasma enhanced tetra-ethyl-orthyo-silicate glass(PE-TEOS), O3 boro-phos-pho-silicate glass(O3-BPSG), PE-BPSG, and phospho-silicate glass(PSG). All films were polished with KOH-based slurry prior to entering the post-CMP cleaner. The Total X-Ray fluorescence(TXRF) measurements showed that all oxide surfaces are heavily contaminated by potassium and calcium during polishing which is due to a CMP slurry. The polished O3-BPSG films presented higher potassium and calcium contaminations compared to PE-TEOS because of a mobile ions gettering ability of phosphorus. For PSG oxides, the slurry induced mobile ion contamination increased with an increase of phosphorus contents. In addition, the polishing removal rate of PSG oxides had a linear relationship as a function of phosphorus contents.

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Study on the rheological properties of PP-SEBS/silicate composites (PP-SEBS/실리케이트 복합체의 유변학적 특성 연구)

  • Kim, Youn-Cheol
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.12 no.4
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    • pp.1988-1992
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    • 2011
  • Polypropylene (PP)-SEBS/silicate composites with PP content of 35, 40, and 45wt% were fabricated by melt compounding at $200^{\circ}C$, using lab scale Brabender mixer. The content of silicate was fixed at 5wt%. The thermal properties of the PP-SEBS/silicate composites were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). The melting temperature of PP-SEBS compound decreased up to $141^{\circ}C$ with SEBS content. TGA result indicates an increase in degradation temperature when the silicate was added in the PP-SEBS compound. The rheological properties of the compounds were measured by dynamic Rheometer. PP-SEBS/silicate composite indicates higher shear thinning and elastic property than PP-SEBS compound. Van Gurp-Palmen analysis was applied in order to certify an increase in elasticity.

CHARACTERISTICS OF FIRE PROTECTIVE COATING THE TERNARY SOLUBLE SILICATE

  • Lee, Nae-Woo;Choi, Jae-Wook;Kim, Jeong-Hun
    • Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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    • 1997.11a
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    • pp.120-129
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    • 1997
  • The fire protective coating can reduce certain damages in case of fire, also conserve energy by thermal insulation and prevent corrosion and errosion in normal daily life by means of blocking thermal transfer, that were generally made of organic, inorganic and metallic materials as adiabatic coating. In case of inorganic material such as soluble silicate, it produces less toxic substances which are exposed to Ore, and have a plenty of raw material. Also inorganic thermal insulator is good in heat resistance. To develope such a excellent inorganic thermal insulator, the study of fire protective coating using the alkali silicate is necessary The principle of intumescence for alkali silicate is from rapid evolution of water in the coating material, the quantity of water in it is of course influenced on the degree of intumescence. The phenomenon of intumescence in ternary silicate is increased as the radius of ion is bigger, and this is caused by evolution of so many kinds of water. The individual degree of intumescence is ordered like this ; $K^+$ > $Na^+$ > $Li^+$ . The best protection effect is similarity found to intumescence of ternary silicate. The result of X-ray diffraction analysis indicates that $KHSi_2O_5$ is an important ingredient in K-silicate.

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Study on Bleaching Effect of Neutralization Agent (Sodium Meta Silicate and Triethylamine) Regarding Its Concentration - Focused on 10% Urea Hydrogen Peroxide Bleaching Gel - (도자기 표면 변색에 대한 중화제(Sodium Meta Silicate 및 Triethylamine)의 농도별 표백 효과 - 10% 과산화요소 표백겔을 중심으로 -)

  • Ham, Chul Hee
    • Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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    • v.44 no.4
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    • pp.130-141
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    • 2011
  • This paper examined the bleaching effect of the two types of gel made with neutralizing agent such as sodium meta silicate gel & triethylamine gel mixed with carbopol resin 940 & 934 which has thickness effect in broad pH region and mixed with 10% hydrogen peroxide. Sodium meta silicate gel(1.6g included) provided pH 10, the most suitable environment for bleaching. The result of comparison of the baseline colour changes(${\Delta}E*ab$) and colour changes according to time(${\Delta}E*ab$) is as following. Group1(carbopol 940, sodium meta silicate, Urea Hydrogen Peroxide) showed 112% efficiency at CS-2; 63.3% at CS-4; 87.4% at CS-6. Group2(carbopol 934, sodium meta silicate, Urea Hydrogen Peroxide) showed 77.3%, 67.3%, 109.6% at CS-8, CS-10, CS-12 respectively; CT-1, CT-3, CT-5 of Group3(carbopol 940, triethylamine, Urea Hydrogen Peroxide) showed 36.8%, 73.2%, 74%; In Group4(carbopol 934, triethylamine, Urea Hydrogen Peroxide), efficiency of CT-6, CT-8, and CT-10 was 81.7%, 95.4%, and 95.7%. The paper showed that various concentration of neutralizing agent such as sodium meta silicate and triethylamine have bleaching effect. Viscosity of the gel including sodium meta silicate was higher than the gel including triethylamine. High viscosity helps the bleaching gel sit on the smooth slope of the ceramics. As a result, sodium meta silicate is considered to provide thickening and bleaching effect required in producing 10% hydrogen peroxide gel.

Organic Passivation Material-Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)/Layered Silicate Nanocomposite-for Organic Thin Film Transistor

  • Ahn, Taek;Suk, Hye-Jung;Yi, Mi-Hye
    • 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2007.08b
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    • pp.1539-1542
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    • 2007
  • We have synthesized novel organic passivation materials to protect organic thin film transistors (OTFTs) from $H_2O$ and $O_2$ using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/layered silicate (SWN) nano composite system. Up to 3 wt% of layered silicate to PVA, very homogeneous nanocomposite solution was prepared.

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Ethyl Silicate Bonded Alumina as a Ceramic Binder

  • N, Korobova;Dea-Wha, Soh
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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    • 2002.05c
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    • pp.103-107
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    • 2002
  • Ethyl silicate was used as organic binder for alumina refractories. In the present work only 15% of the water required for complete hydrolysis of ethyl silicate was initially added. The balance was provided from the atmosphere under controlled conditions of temperature and rh. The purpose of detailing the possible binder problem areas is more to indicate that the binder can have an effect on ceramic operations.

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Evaluation of Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Calcium Silicate Cement-Based Paste according to Carbonation Curing Conditions (Calcium silicate cement-based paste의 탄산화 양생 조건에 따른 역학적 특성 및 미세구조 평가)

  • Choi, Chang-Keun;Ryu, Dong-Woo
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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    • 2023.11a
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    • pp.93-94
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    • 2023
  • This study evaluated the mechanical properties and microstructure of calcium silicate cement based paste according to carbonation curing conditions. As a result, both compressive strength and carbonation depth increased with the carbonation curing period.

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Particle-size Effect of Silicate Fertilizer on Its Solubility and Mobility in Soil (토양(土壤)에 처리한 광재규산질비료의 입도별(粒度別) 용해도(溶解度) 및 이동성(移動性))

  • Yoo, Sun-Ho;Park, Lee-Dal
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.57-63
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    • 1980
  • The effect of particle size of silicate fertilizer, crushed slag from the steel industry, on the behavior of silicate in soil was investigated through laboratory experiments. The silicate fertilizer was sieved to obtain three fractions of particles, coarser than 10 mesh 20-35 mesh, and finer than 100 mesh. Silicate concentration of the extract obtained by shaking 20 mg of particles, coarser than 10 mesh, 20-35 mesh, and finer than 100 mesh, in 50 ml of distilled water for 4 hours was 0.3, 1.0, and 3.2 ppm respectively. As shaking the mixture of the silicate fertilizer and soil proceeded, silicate concentration of the extract increased, and this increase after 4 hour shaking was attributed mainly to dissolution of soil silicate. When the mixture of soil and the silicate fertilizer was incubated under submerged condition, silicate concentration of the solution decreased for the first 2-4 weeks, thereafter increased with incubation time. During this incubation period, silicate concentration of the solution changed inversely with pH of the solution. After 6-10 weeks, however, both silicate concentration and pH of the solution increased with incubation time. Silicate concentration of the effluent from the 14.5 cm soil column of which top 4.5 cm was packed with the mixture of 30 g of soil and 30 mg of the silicate fertilizer reached maximum at 0.94 pore volumes for the particles of 20-35 mesh and 1.03 pore volumes for the particles finer than 100 mesh, whereas the effluent concentration reached maximum at 0.88 pore volumes for the soil column without the silicate fertilizer treatment. Soil analysis made after water percolation revealed that 1.5 pore volumes of water could leach down large amount of the water soluble silicate but not the sodium acetate extractable silicate, from top 3-6 cm soil layer.

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