• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.12-19
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• 2001

Study of turbulent mixing layers has been a popular subject from the point of view of both practical application and phenomenological importance in engineering field. Turbulent mixing layers can be applied in many fields where rapid transition to turbulence is desirable in order to prevent boundary layer separation or to enhance mixing. The ability to control mixing, structure and growth of the shear flow would obviously have a considerable impact on many engineering applications. In addition to practical applications, free shear flows are one of the simplest flows to understand the fundamental mechanism in the transition process to turbulence. After the discovery of large-scale vortical structure in free shear flows many researchers have investigated the physical mechanism of generation and dissipation processes of the vortical structure. This study investigated the role of the large-scale vortical structures in the turbulent mixing layer using LES(Large-Eddy Simulation). The result shows that the pairing interaction of the vortical structure plays an important role in the growth rate of a mixing layer. It is found that the turbulence quantities depend strongly on the velocity ratio. It is also found that the vorticity in the high-velocity-side can extract energy from the mean flow, while the vorticity in the low-velocity-side lose energy by the viscous dissipation. Finally the results suggest the guideline to obtain the desired flow by control of the velocity ratio.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2003년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.621-628
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• 2003

To prevent the percolation of leachate through the bottom of waste landfills, the liner system of various layers, such as compacted clay, geomembrane, geonet, geotextiles, and geocomposite is designed. Since the friction angle between a geomembrane and other geosynthetics is usually lower than that of the soil alone, the interfaces between soil and geosynthetic or geosynthetic-geosynthetic may become a possible plane of weakness, which leads to potential instability of the system under load of waste at side slopes. In this study, large triaxial tests are carried out with samples of remoulded wastes and direct shear interface friction tests are carried out to understand the frictional properties of geosynthetic-geosynthetic interfaces, which are required for analyzing the safety of side-slope liner systems.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.30-37
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• 2004

Flow characteristics of the inflow ahead of a rotating propeller attached to a container ship model were investigated using a two-frame PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) technique. Ensemble-averaged mean velocity fields were measured at four different blade phases. The mean velocity fields show the acceleration of inflow due to the rotating propeller and the velocity deficit in the near-wake region. The axial velocity distribution of inflow in the upper plane of propeller is quite different from that in the lower plane due to the thick hull boundary layer. The propeller inflow also shows asymmetric axial velocity distribution in the port and starboard side. As the inflow moves toward the propeller, the effect of phase angle variation of propeller blade on the inflow becomes dominant. In the upper plane above the propeller axis the inflow has very low axial velocity and large turbulent kinetic energy, compared with the lower plane. The boundary layer developed along the bottom surface of stern hull forms a strong shear layer affecting vortex structure of the propeller near-wake.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.75-80
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• 2001

The elastic plastic fracture toughness of this material is evaluated by the an unloading compliance method according to the ASTM E813-97 and E1152-97 method on the smooth and side groove 1CT specimens. The effect of smooth and side groove is studied on the material tearing modulus and characterizes the crack tip field under the plane stress and strain. SG-365 steel is observed that J-R curve and Tmat value decrease as 0%, 20%, 30%, and 40%. The 40% side grooved specimen is very useful in estimation of the $J_IC$. Because it is much easier than the smooth specimen to the onset of the ductile tearing by the R curve method. Besides. it improves the accuracy of toughness values, decreases the scattering the them and tunneling and shear lip by the side groove. Applicability of tearing modulus($T_J$ proposed by paris et al as instability panameter for this material is investigated.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.62-69
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• 2000

Uneven clearances in the left and right sides of a press die cause deformation of the punch in precision shearing process. This deformation results from the compression stress and bending moment from shearing force in vertical direction and from the side force in horizontal direction acting to the punch, In this study the behavior of punch deformation is investigated in order to clarify the deformation state of the punch by using strain gauge deformation to shearing force side force bending moment radius of curvature and shear plane of the punch. Also we presented the calculation method of deformation size for the punch.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.85-89
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• 2007

In the present work, flow analysis has been performed for side channel type double stage ring blower by solving three-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equation. Shear stress transport model is used as turbulent closure. The commercial CFD code CFX 11.0 is used for the calculations. Each of two stage is calculated separately and the second stage inlet flow is same as the first stage outlet flow so that consecutive calculation is possible. Velocity and pressure fields have been analyzed at the mid-plane between blades. The numerical results are validated with experimental data for head coefficients at different flow coefficients.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.549-559
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• 2017

As few multi-tower single-box multi-cell cable-stayed bridges with corrugated steel webs have been built, analysis is mostly achieved by combining single-girder model, beam grillage model and solid model in support of the design. However, such analysis methods usually suffer from major limitations in terms of the engineering applications: single-girder model fails to account for spatial effect such as shear lag effect of the box girder and the relevant effective girder width and eccentric load coefficient; owing to the approximation in the principle equivalence, the plane grillage model cannot accurately capture shear stress distribution and local stress state in both top and bottom flange of composite box girder; and solid model is difficult to be practically combined with the overall calculation. The usual effective width method fails to provide a uniform and accurate "effective length" (and the codes fail to provide a unified design approach at those circumstance) considering different shear lag effects resulting from dead load, prestress and cable tension in the construction. Therefore, a novel spatial grid model has been developed to account for shear lag effect. The theoretical principle of the proposed spatial grid model has been elaborated along with the relevant illustrations of modeling parameters of composite box girder with corrugated steel webs. Then typical transverse and longitudinal shear lag coefficient distribution pattern at the side-span and mid-span key cross sections have been analyzed and summarized to provide reference for similar bridges. The effectiveness and accuracy of spatial grid analysis methods has been finally validated through a practical cable-stayed bridge.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.393-402
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• 2012

정상부가 개착된 암반사면에 지중경사계를 설치하여 개착사면의 내부 거동을 계측하였으며, 국지적으로 배후면 방향으로의 거동이 관찰되었다. 사면 거동, 특히 배후면 방향으로의 거동을 유발시키는 원인을 분석하기 위하여 시추작업을 수행하였다. 추출된 시추코어를 관찰하여 사면 암반의 암석학적 취약성을 조사하였으며, 공내 BIPS 영상을 취득하여 암반의 구조적 특성을 분석하였다. 코어 절리 시료를 이용하여 불연속면의 역학적 특성을 측정하였으며, 탄질물이 협재된 절리 시료에 대한 직접전단시험을 수행하여 전단강도를 측정하였다. 사면 거동에 대한 계측결과를 사면 암반과 탄질물이 협재된 절리들의 구조적 및 역학적 특성을 종합적으로 고려하여 해석하였으며, 절리에 협재된 탄질물 및 팽윤성 점토광물의 존재에 의해 국지적인 사면거동이 지배될 수 있는 잠재성을 확인하였다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2009년도 세계 도시지반공학 심포지엄
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• pp.775-784
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• 2009

풍화된 엽리는 연장성이 크고 거칠기가 적어서 치명적인 활동면으로 작용할 수 있다. $\bigcirc\bigcirc$ 도로공사 현장에 발생된 대절토 사면의 붕괴는 엽리와 평행한 단층면의 활동에 의한 것으로 후기 풍화에 의해 단층면에 녹니석 점토 성분이 충진 되면서 절취에 의해 변경된 지반환경을 수용치 못하고 갑작스런 붕괴가 발생된 사례이다. 붕괴사면의 안정화 방안을 수립하기 위해서는 내부 엽리구조의 3차원 분포를 정확히 파악하는 것이 매우 중요하였다. 이를 위하여 사면에 격자 형태로 10개의 시추를 수행하였으며, 각 시추공에서 시추공영상촬영을 수행하였고, 그 결과를 15개의 단면에 투영하여 사면 내부에 분포하는 엽리, 절리, 단층의 3차원 배열을 분석하였다. 분석 방법으로는 측정된 시추공의 면구조를 절취면에 투영하기 위하여 개발된 Fracjection을 사용하였다. 투영분석 결과 평면에 투영된 엽리의 구조들은 엽리의 주향이 사면의 좌측으로 가면서 사면 내부로 깊어짐을 보여주고 있어서 사면의 우측에서 붕괴된 지질구조는 현 붕괴면 위치와 사면의 좌측 부분에 또 하나의 쐐기파괴 위험성이 존재함이 조사되었다. 전기한 지질 구조의 3차원 조사자료를 기초로 예상 활동면이 설정되었으며, 그 활동면을 기초로 한계평형 분석을 수행하여 현 사면의 경사 완화와 앵커 및 억지말뚝과 피암터널의 설계방안 등이 검토 되었다.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.85-92
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• 2015

탄성지반위에 놓인 S형상 점진기능재료 고차전단변형 판의 동적 불안정성에 대하여 연구하였다. 고차전단변형이론은 점진기능재료 판의 두께방향으로의 전단변형률과 전단응력의 곡선변화 효과를 고려할 수 있다. Mathieu-Hill 방정식의 형태로 유도된 지배방정식에서 Bolotin 방법을 이용하여 동적 불안정 영역을 결정하였다. 동적 불안정 영역의 경계는 동적 하중과 여기진동수와의 관계로 나타내었다. 고차전단변형이론과 탄성지반 효과가 S형상 점진기능재료 판의 동적 불안정성에 미치는 효과를 제시하였다. Winkler와 Pasternak탄성지반 매개변수의 관계를 수치해석 결과를 통하여 고찰하였다. 또한 정적 하중계수, 거듭제곱 지수 그리고 폭-두께비 등의 동적 불안정 영역에 대한 영향을 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 검증하기 위해 참고문헌의 결과와 비교 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 제시한 이론적 발전과 수치결과들은 S형상 점진기능재료 구조물의 동적 불안정 해석을 위한 참고자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.