• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.41-48
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of body image, self-esteem, and behavior problems comparing children of short stature and children of normal height, and to enhance growth development through early detection of social or emotional problems in children of short stature. Methods: The data were collected from June 2 to September 25, 2008. The participants were 38 children who were diagnosed with short stature and their mothers and 38 children of age appropriate stature and their mothers selected from 311 elementary students in D city. The participants were matched by using propensity analysis for controlling confounding variables. Sapiro-Wilk test, t-test, Wilcoxon test, and Pearson correlation coefficients with SPSS/WIN 14.0 program were used to analyze the data. Results: There were significant differences in body image and behavior problems between children of short stature and children of age appropriate stature. There was no significant difference in self-esteem between the two groups. Positive correlation was found between body image and self-esteem. In children of age appropriate stature, a negative correlation was found between body image and behavior problems. Conclusion: A specialized program which focuses on behavior problems, body image, and self-esteem should be developed to help children of short stature in school-based settings.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.333-340
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• 2022

Recently, the use of large-capacity secondary batteries for electric vehicles is rapidly increasing, and accordingly, the demand for technologies and equipment for battery reliability evaluation is increasing significantly. The existing short circuit test equipment for evaluating the stability of the existing secondary battery consists of relays, MCs, and switches, so when a large current is energized during a short circuit, contact fusion failures occur frequently, resulting in high equipment maintenance and repair costs. There was a disadvantage that repeated testing was impossible. In this paper, we developed an electronic short circuit test device that realizes stable switching operation when a large-capacity power semiconductor switch is energized with a large current, and applied smart ICT technology to this electronic short circuit stability test system to achieve high speed and high precision through communication with the master. It is expected that the inspection history management system based on data measurement, database format and user interface will be utilized as essential inspection process equipment.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2002.07a
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• pp.551-553
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• 2002

The cubicle type GIS rated at 25.8kV has been designed and manufactured by Jinkwang E&C eacently with their own technologies and KERI's assistances. The C-GIS has been tested to check the design capability for reference before conducting the type test. The operating characteristics test, short time withstand current and peak withstand current test, basic short circuit test duty T60 for preconditioning test, cable charging current switching test, capacitor bank current switching test, basic short circuit test duty T100s and T100a, single phase earth fault test, double earth fault test has been conducted. The test results show that the design and the manufacturing of the C-GIS has an enough capability to pass through the type test except the occurrence of 2 NSDDs in the cable charging current switching test and the instability of opening time at the minimum operating voltage. The problems shown in the tests will be improved soon and the successful pass will be expected in the following type test.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.615-618
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• 2003

To investigate the electrical fire identification due to conductor structure analysis of an electrical wire, we are studied by temperature heating test, over current test, short test and electric molten marks. And metal structure analysis of wire by short, we are found out increase in crystal grain with heating temperature. Structure of specimen at over current 300[%] occurred hardly structure formation and boundary of grain.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2002.07b
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• pp.694-696
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• 2002

Transformers together with all equipment and accessories shall be designed and constructed to withstand the mechanical and thermal stresses produced by external short circuit which include three phase, single line-to-ground, double line-to-ground and line-to-line faults etc. Generally the Short Circuit Test of transformers is tested according to the ANSI/IEEE, IEC/JEC, KS etc, in domestic. In this study, it will be showed and compared the difference of symmetrical current for short circuit test of a Pad -mounted transformer according to with ANSI /IEEE and IEC.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 1995

In the companion paper of the present paper, a coast down test method to determine the resistance forces on running vehicle based on the distance-time measurement was explained along with the suggestions to improve its accuracy and testing methodology. In the present paper some of the suggestions discussed previously are implemented and actually road tested to see the applicability of the improved method(short distance method) in the field. From the results. it is shown that the short distance method which requires only 600m long proving ground road gives at least comparable results on the accuracy compared to the original S-t method which requires 2000m. It is hoped that the present method be further refiend to give more accurate results.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.85-94
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• 2017

Conventional speaker verification systems using time delay neural network, identity vector and probabilistic linear discriminant analysis (TDNN-Ivector-PLDA) are known to be very effective for verifying long-duration speech utterances. However, when test utterances are of short duration, duration mismatch between enrollment and test utterances significantly degrades the performance of TDNN-Ivector-PLDA systems. To compensate for the I-vector mismatch between long and short utterances, this paper proposes to use probabilistic linear discriminant analysis (PLDA) model adaptation with augmented data. A PLDA model is trained on vast amount of speech data, most of which have long duration. Then, the PLDA model is adapted with the I-vectors obtained from short-utterance data which are augmented by using vocal tract length perturbation (VTLP). In computer experiments using the NIST SRE 2008 database, the proposed method is shown to achieve significantly better performance than the conventional TDNN-Ivector-PLDA systems when there exists duration mismatch between enrollment and test utterances.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.7-17
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• 2018

This paper examines short-run and long-run dynamic relationships between selected macroeconomic variables and stock prices in the Korea Stock Exchange. The data is restricted to the period for which monthly data are available from January 1986 to October 2016 (370 observations) retrieved from the Economic Statistics System database sponsored by the Bank of Korea. The study employs unit root test, cointegration test, vector error correction estimates, impulse response test, and structural break test. The results of the Johansen cointegration test indicate at least three cointegrating equations exist at the 0.05 level in the model, confirming that there is a long-run equilibrium relationship between stock prices and macroeconomic variables in Korea. The results of vector error correction model (VECM) estimates indicate that money supply and short-term interest rate are not related to stock prices in the short-run. However, exchange rate is positively related to stock prices while the industrial production index and inflation are negatively related to stock prices in the short-run. Furthermore, the VECM estimates indicate that the external shock, such as regional and global financial crisis shocks, neither affects changes in the endogenous variables nor causes instability in the cointegrating vector. This study finds that the endogenous variables are determined by their own dynamics in the model.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.501-509
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• 2016

We propose a method to improve the robustness of speaker verification on short test utterances. The accuracy of the state-of-the-art i-vector/probabilistic linear discriminant analysis systems can be degraded when testing utterance durations are short. The proposed method compensates for utterance variations of short test feature vectors using deep neural networks. We design three different types of DNN (Deep Neural Network) structures which are trained with different target output vectors. Each DNN is trained to minimize the discrepancy between the feed-forwarded output of a given short utterance feature and its original long utterance feature. We use short 2-10 s condition of the NIST (National Institute of Standards Technology, U.S.) 2008 SRE (Speaker Recognition Evaluation) corpus to evaluate the method. The experimental results show that the proposed method reduces the minimum detection cost relative to the baseline system.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.197-206
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• 2010

The purpose of this paper is to carry out both experimental and theoretical investigations of R.C. short column subjected to horizontal forces under constant compressive loading. Eight specimens with section of 40 cm ${\times}$ 40 cm, height 40 cm and 50 cm and different type hoop were used of the steel cage to detect the seismic behavior of reinforced concrete short columns. Hoop spacing of column, strength of concrete, and the axial load of experiments were the three main parameters in this test. A series of equations were derived to reveal the theory could be used on analysis short column, too. Through test failure model of R.C short column being established, the type of hoop affects the behavior R.C short column in ductility rather than in strength. And the effect of analysis by Truss Model is evident and reliable in shear failure model of short column.