• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
• /
• v.37 no.3
• /
• pp.102-122
• /
• 2009

In this study, we will conduct an empirical study to see how the 3PL firm's logistics service quality and relationship orientation affects the supply chain performance. To examine the research model and hypotheses, we have used an empirical method based on the field survey in which most of measurements used and verified in previous studies are selected as measurements. The results of our empirical study can be summarized as follows: First, it can be shown that higher level of logistics service quality not only affects satisfaction and relationship orientation positively, but also improves supply chain performance. Second, it can be also shown that satisfaction for logistics service quality affects relationship orientation between shipper and 3PL firm positively. Finally, it can be shown that relationship orientation affects supply chain performance positively. This paper presents much implications both theoretical and practical side.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
• /
• v.26
• /
• pp.143-172
• /
• 2005

The biggest exchange of international environment of shipping logistics in 21 century should appear ultra-mega container ships on the shipping market. The competitive trend of large size container ship was based on economics of scale among the international shipping business. In the environment, shipping firms consider the integration of freight forwarder and shipper in the international logistics process. The aims of this research analyse a relation between the environment uncertainty and logistics information system(LIS) and the integration and resolve the integration and its impact on logistics performance. The research methodology of this research analyse structural equation modeling on the relation of variables. The results of research are as follows. First, Environmental uncertainty significantly influences the internal integration and the external integration. Second, LIS has an influence on the logistics integration by providing the foundation for LIS utilization in international logistics process. Third, the internal integration significantly influences a logistics performance, which implies that firms should promote interaction and collaboration through internal process integration to achieve logistics performance as the logistical cost and service. But the external integration is not significantly a logistics performance.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
• /
• v.74
• /
• pp.55-79
• /
• 2017

The Rotterdam Rules introduces new issues that have been ignored by previous international transport conventions. Among them, provisions on delivery of goods have been a much debated topic as it deviate from well established principles. Rotterdam Rules provides several alternatives in order to resolve uncertainty regarding delivery practice. The carrier have to make a resonable effort to deliver the goods following the required procedure which is different from transport document issued. Where the goods are not deliverable, the carrier could discharge from its obligations to deliver the goods when he deliver the goods by delivery instruction of shipper. In addition, he can take actions reasonably required according to circumstances if it is impossible to deliver the goods. These alternatives are not ideal, but they seem to be partly helping to solve practical problems arising in the process of delivery. However the delivery regime under the Rotterdam Rules could cause confusion in the traditional delivery principle. On the other hand, it puts a new burden on the parties concerned. In conclusion, the parties concerned should consider practical implications in issuing and transferring transport document as well as requesting and instructing delivery of goods.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
• /
• v.23
• /
• pp.223-247
• /
• 2004

United Nations Commission on International Trade Law(hereinafter"UNCITRAL"), the core legal body of the United Nations system in the field of international trade law, is currently in the process of preparing a draft instrument on the international carriage of goods. In order to facilitate and prompt for new draft instrument, Working Group Ⅲ was established under the auspicious of UNCITRAL in 2002. Working Group, which was composed of all member countries of UNCITRAL, considered the text of preliminary draft instrument on the carriage of goods by sea. According to the Working Group's report, this new convention deals with issues relating to the international ocean carriage of goods such as the scope of application, the period of responsibility of the carrier, liability of the carrier, obligations of the shipper and transport documents including electronic records. In the course of the second reading, however, there are lots of outstanding issues to deliberate and consider for formulating new version of the ocean cargo liability convention. One of the substantial issues is the snail's pace of progress in last sessions. Therefore legal adviser and industry representatives assume the next UNCITRAL meeting, in Vienna, Nov. 29-Dec. 10, would be more critical to complete the convention.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
• /
• v.10 no.12
• /
• pp.7-14
• /
• 2019

Purpose: In Korea, win-win growth policy has been successfully implemented in supply chain and logistics management. In the policy, it is recommended to support supply chain partners with various mechanisms including financial and technical aids. This study attempts to scientifically analyze the effects of direct and indirect win-win growth policy factors on supply chain and logistics management performance through partnership factors. Research design, data and methodology: This study builds a structural equation model reflecting the relationship between the win-win growth policy, partnership and performance factors. The proposed model is verified with the PLS (Partial Least Squares regression) methodology. Data from shipper and logistics companies were collected and analyzed by the PLS model. Results: The analysis showed that both direct and indirect policy factors are meaningful to improve supply chain and logistics performance. Indirect support factors including R&D, management innovation, human resources development and educational supports have positive impacts on partnership factors. Direct support factors including financial aids and fairness also have positive impacts on the performance. Conclusions: This study is meaningful in that it suggests a turning point in which supply chain Win-win growth and partnership efforts are perceived as new value-creating mechanism rather than unilateral cost reduction for logistics industry.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
• /
• v.42
• /
• pp.189-210
• /
• 2009

The United Nations General Assembly adopted the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Carriage of Goods Wholly or Partly by Sea(hereinafter referred to as "The Rotterdam Rules") on 11 December 2008. Rotterdam Rules aims to create a contemporary and uniform law providing for modern door-to-door container transport including an international sea leg. but not limited to port-to port carriage of goods. The structure of the liability regime in Rotterdam Rules are globally close to that of the Hague-Visby Rule even though it differs from that of the Hague-Visby Rules in some significant aspects. The Rotterdam Rules are very long. Therefore the Rotterdam Rules will be difficult to understand for even the skilled ship operator or owner or charterer or shipper or consignee or receiver because they are so complicated. This paper only seeks to highlight the salient features of the liability and limitation of liability regime under the Rotterdam Rules. It is expected that the harmonization and modernization of the international legal regime. coupled with the bold attempt to balance the carrier and cargo interests should lead to an overall reduction in transaction costs. increased predictability and greater commercial confidence for international business transactions.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.16 no.10
• /
• pp.31-38
• /
• 2018

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to seek some alternative to overcome difficult shipping situations for overcapacity pursuing economy of scale, which is widely spread in world shipping. Research design, data, and methodology - The research method to be adopted is first to review evolution of larger ships in terms of theoretical overview, and shipping market is examined, and it is studied some problems and solutions in relation to larger ship as field research aspects. Results - Supply and demand of shipping market is flexible and unpredictable nature of market. Sometime fierce competition has spread out the market, and shipowner may deploy mega ship in terms of economy of scale, etc., to overcome the difficult market situations. Both carrier and shipper have their own positions in this matter concerned. However, it causes some problems in the market including port matters, etc. Therefore, it is asked to solve this problems of larger ship employed in the markets, throughout shipping alliances, etc. Conclusions - Over tonnage done by larger ship has caused some problems in the shipping markets, forming monopolistic market by small number of larger shipping companies, destroying oligopolistic nature of shipping business, therefore, the answer is strategic alliance to collaborate each other.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• 2004.04a
• /
• pp.333-341
• /
• 2004

This paper describes not only the complexities of LNG business including shipping sector but also its own current environmental changes. Furthermore, system dynamics (VENSIM analysis) as a methodology is introduced to analyze the potential LNG shipping market in the future. As a result of the VENSIM analysis, potentiality of the spot LNG shipping market is systematically established in connection with embodiment of the spot LNG market. This paper suggests three methods, which are centered on newbuildings of ships, for the shippers to prepare for the spot LNG shipping market on the basis that maritime economics can make a direct contribution to the shippers' business decision-making.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.65-71
• /
• 2011

In this paper, the RFID / USN-based ad-hoc network structure is presented for efficient operation of a container terminal yard. Communication between fixed or mobile devices in the container terminal yard is accomplished through the ad-hoc node, to collect the status information of a container in real time. Any outside shipper of the container as well as central server allows to share the status information of a container through ad-hoc communication. In addition, to predict the maximum wireless transmission range of nodes by RFID tag position in the yard, LAODV (Location based AODV) routing protocol is proposed. The validity is proved by performance evaluation via computer simulation.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
• /
• v.53
• /
• pp.181-206
• /
• 2012

The straight bill of lading is regarded as the documents of title except in American law after The Rafaela S case. The Carewins case also decided that the exclusion clause of bill of lading did not exempt carriers from liability when the carriers delivered the cargo to the consignee without the production of original bill of lading. And the court said that the carrier was responsible for delivering the goods against a forged bill of lading regardless of exemption clause of bill of lading in the Motis case. It may be assumed through these cases that the straight bill of lading as a document of title gives documentary security to the banks in trade finance. However, there can be some downside to the efficacy of the straight bill of lading as collateral. First, when it is subject to the English law, the shipper can arbitrarily change the consignee different from the one named in the document. Second, some bills of lading bear provisions relating to the carrier delivering the goods upon reasonable proof of identity without the surrender of an original and/or genuine bill of lading.