• ETRI Journal
• /
• v.36 no.2
• /
• pp.321-324
• /
• 2014

This letter describes a two-phase clock oxide thin-film transistor shift register that executes a robust operation over a wide threshold voltage range and clock coupling noises. The proposed circuit employs an additional Q generation block to avoid the clock coupling noise effects. A SMART-SPICE simulation shows that the stable shift register operation is established for the clock coupling noises and the threshold voltage variation from -4 V to 5 V at a line time of $5{\mu}s$. The magnitude of coupling noises on the Q(15) node and Qb(15) node of the 15th stage is respectively -12.6 dB and -26.1 dB at 100 kHz in the proposed circuit, compared to 6.8 dB and 10.9 dB in a conventional one. In addition, the estimated power consumption is 1.74 mW for the proposed 16-stage shift registers at $V_{TH}=-1.56V$, compared to 11.5 mW for the conventional circuits.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
• /
• v.49 no.1
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2012

In this paper, we propose a new class of color histogram model suitable for object tracking. In addition to the pixel count, each bin of the proposed model also contains the spatial mean and the average value of the pixels located at a certain distance from the mean location of the bin. Using the proposed color histogram model, we derive a mean shift procedure using the modified Bhattacharyya distance. Unlike most mean shift based methods, our algorithm performs well even when the object being tracked shares similar colors with the background. Experimental results demonstrate improved tracking performance over existing methods.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
• /
• v.8 no.9
• /
• pp.1319-1324
• /
• 2013

The mean shift algorithm has achieved considerable success in object tracking due to its simplicity and robustness. It finds local minima of a similarity measure between the color histograms or kernel density estimates of the target and candidate image. However, it is sensitive to the noises due to objects or background having similar color distributions. In addition, occlusion by another object often causes a face region to change in size and position although a face region is a critical clue to perform face recognition or compute face orientation. We assume that depth and color are effective to separate a face from a background and a face from objects, respectively. From the assumption we devised a bilateral filter using color and depth and incorporate it into the mean-shift algorithm. We demonstrated the proposed method by some experiments.

• PNF and Movement
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.93-101
• /
• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate lower extremity muscle activation to the variable weight shift on the affected side of patients with hemiplegia. Methods: Eighteen patients with chronic hemiplegia volunteered to participate in this study. All participants performed three types of weight shift (sideways, forward, and backward) in limits of stability on the affected side. Muscle activation in a paralyzed leg was measured with electromyography on the gluteus medius, tensor fasciae latae, rectus femoris, and biceps femoris; furthermore, the attached area was recommended by SENIAM projects. Each weight shift was performed three times, and then the mean value of the three measurements was analyzed. The data were analyzed by measuring the symmetrically standing position with the reference voluntary contraction (RVC) and was standardized with the percentage of RVC method. Results: No significant difference in lower extremity muscle activation occurred according to the three types of variable weight shift. However, significant differences in lower extremity muscle activation did occur with each weight shift position. In addition, activation increased at the rectus femoris and decreased at the gluteus medius and tensor fasciae latae. Conclusion: Hip abductor muscle strength training and variable weight shifts on the affected side must increase to improve patients'balance and limits of stability.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.129-143
• /
• 2024

In magnetotelluric (MT) surveys, small inhomogeneities near the surface cause a static shift in which apparent resistivities shift regardless of frequency. As the static shift in MT data leads to errors in subsurface structure interpretation, many studies have been conducted over the past few decades to mitigate or remove the distortions it caused. The most representative method involves removing static shifts from the data before inversion. Conversely, static shifts can be corrected during inversion or included in the inversion process. In addition, other geophysical data can be used to remove static shifts. However, the correction methods are limited to one-dimensional (1D) static responses, and limitations remain in two- or three-dimensional (2D or 3D) interpretation of distorted MT data owing to static shifts. This study provides a foundation for future studies on static shift by analyzing several previously published methods.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.568-572
• /
• 2005

Saccharomyces yeast spores are more resistant to drying and storage than vegetative cells. For the mass production of yeast spores, compressed yeast was directly inoculated into a sporulation medium (SM). The effects of inoculum size and the addition of rice wine cake (RWC) into SM on the sporulation were examined using flasks. With $1\%$ inoculum of compressed yeast, $1.45{\times}10^8/ml$ of asci was obtained. The addition of $0.5\%$ RWC into SM improved the cell growth and spore yield, and the number of asci formed was $2.31{\times}10^8/ml$. The effects of culture temperature, temperature-shift, and concentrations of inoculum, potassium acetate, and RWC on the sporulation were also evaluated using a jar fermentor. The optimum temperature for spore formation was $22^{\circ}C$ where the number of asci formed was $2.46{\times}10^8/ml$. The shift of culture temperature from initial $30^{\circ}C$ for 1 day to $22^{\circ}C$ for 3 days increased the number of asci formed to $2.96{\times}10^8/ml$. The use of $2\%$ (w/v) inoculum of compressed yeast, $2\%$ potassium acetate, and $1\%$ (w/v) RWC in SM with the shift of culture temperature of initial $30^{\circ}C\;to\;22^{\circ}C$ resulted in $90\%$ sporulation ratio and formation of $6.18{\times}10^8\;asci/ml$.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.280-286
• /
• 2012

The conventionally classified waves are reclassified in this paper, including the waves associated with metamaterial (MTM) transmission lines. Various types of guided waves in periodic structures are analyzed for 1D Composite Right/Left Handed (CRLH) transmission lines (TL). In addition, dispersion diagrams for 1D CRLH, RH, and LH TLs are presented in terms of radiation conditions. We have refined the design equations of the conventional 1D CRLH TL and proposed a condition to realize the desired phase shift and its slope per unit cell. This condition has been applied to the conventional Wilkinson power divider and realized into MTM added $90^{\circ}$ hybrid coupler. Based on the 10 dB return loss and the $90{\pm}10^{\circ}$ phase shift, the bandwidths of the MTM added $90^{\circ}$ hybrid coupler are 82.25% and 103.5% against the conventional 23% and 52.5%, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.21-29
• /
• 2016

To overcome the large ring gear manufacturing problems seen in slewing bearings and girth gears, pin gear drive units have been developed. Among them, a novel slewing bearing with an internal pinwheel gear set (i-PGS) is introduced in this paper. First, we consider the exact cam pinion profile of i-PGS with the introduction of a profile shift coefficient. Furthermore, a new root relief profile modification for the i-PGS cam pinion is presented. Then, the contact stresses are investigated to determine the characteristics of the surface fatigue by varying the shape design parameters. The results show that the contact stresses of i-PGS can be reduced significantly by increasing the profile shift coefficient. In addition, the contact ratio, a measure of teeth overlapping action, decreases with the decrease of the allowable pressure angle.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.1529-1536
• /
• 2017

A digital dual-channel interleaved phase-shift full-bridge converter is investigated in this paper, and its topology and principle are analyzed. To realize current sharing and stabilize the output voltage, a controller with current sharing loop and closed voltage loop is employed. In addition, current sharing will increase the output current fluctuation and a new digital interleaved driving technology is proposed to reduce the output current ripple. To verify the analysis, simulation and experiments are carried out, which shows the effectiveness of the proposed control strategies.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2006.07d
• /
• pp.1973-1974
• /
• 2006

The mean shift algorithm has achieved considerable success in object tracking due to its simplicity and robustness. It finds local maxima of a similarity measure between the color histograms of the target and candidate image. However, the mean shift tracking algorithm using only color histograms has a serious defect. It doesn't use the spatial information of the target. Thus, it is difficult to model the target more exactly. And it is likely to lose the target during the occlusions of other objects which have similar color distributions. To deal with these difficulties we use both color information and spatial information of the target. Our proposed algorithm is robust to occlusions and scale changes in front of dynamic, unstructured background. In addition, our proposed method is computationally efficient. Therefore, it can be executed in real-time.