• International Journal of Contents
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.65-69
• /
• 2018

The objective of this study was to conduct a radiation shielding analysis for the facility equipped with radiation generator. The analysis was carried out in two aspects. First, from the aspect of the effect caused by primary and leakage radiation. Second, effect of scattered radiation was evaluated by applying a simple calculation method based on a scattering rate concept since effect of scattered radiation is significantly important at maze entrance of the radiation facility. The calculated results obtained using the simple method were compared to the results calculated using Geant4 code and the measured values. The results calculated by the suggested method indicate that slight error exists in a radiation shielding analysis done at the maze entrance comparing to other two results, while the results evaluated at the outside of the maze entrance door are relatively consistent with other values.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.492-498
• /
• 2021

In this paper, the electromagnetic wave transmittance of the reinforced concrete structure wall was analyzed using the performance measurement system of electromagnetic wave shielding. Recently, electromagnetic wave shielding technologies on the reinforced concrete wall conditions have been studied, and the shielding effectiveness have been tested on unit cell size. However, the unit cell size tests have problems on that the measurement range for shielding performance is insufficient and it is difficult to reflect the real conditions of the concrete wall. Therefore, we constructed a shielding performance measurement system using a large sample of 2.2m × 2.2m like a real wall. To verify the measurement system, general reinforced concrete test samples were selected, and real shielding performance measurements and numerical analysis were proceeded. Test and numerical analysis results showed similar tendencies in the evaluation frequency range of 75MHz to 2GHz. Thus we validated the effectiveness of this shielding performance measurement system.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
• /
• v.12 no.5
• /
• pp.478-489
• /
• 2012

Each year, about four million tons of steel slag, a by-product produced during the manufacture of steel by refining pig iron in the converter furnace, is generated. It is difficult to recycle this steel slag as aggregate for concrete because the reaction with water and free-CaO in steel slag results in a volume expansion that leads to cracking. However, the steel slag used in this study is atomized using an air-jet method, which rapidly changes the melting substance at high temperature into a solid at a room temperature and prevents free-CaO from being generated in steel slag. This rapidly-cooled steel slag has a spherical shape and is even heavier than natural aggregate, making it suitable for the aggregate of radiation shielding concrete. This study deals with the radiation shielding property of concrete that uses the rapidly-cooled steel slag from the oxidizing process in the converter furnace as fine aggregate. It was shown that the radiation shielding performance of concrete mixed with rapidly-cooled steel slag is even more superior than that of ordinary concrete.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
• /
• v.11 no.5
• /
• pp.329-334
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study is to estimating the possibility of manufacturing radiation shielding sheet by searching for environmentally friendly materials suitable for medical environment of medical radiation shielding. There are many tungsten products which are currently used as shielding materials in place of lead, but there are small problems in the mass production of lightweight shielding sheets due to economical efficiency. To solve these problems, a lightweight, environmentally friendly material with economical efficiency is required. In this study, Barium sulphate and Iodine were proposed. Both materials are already used as contrast medias in radiography, and it is predicted that the shielding effect will be sufficient in a certain region as a shielding material because of the characteristic of absorbing radiation. Therefore, in this study, we used a Monte Carlo simulation to simulate radiation shielding materials. When it is a contrast agent such as Barium sulfate and Iodine, the radiation absorption effect in the high energy region appears greatly, and the effectiveness of the two shielding substance in the energy region of the star with thickness of 120 kVp is also evaluated in the medical radiation imaging region. Simulated estimation results it was possible to estimate the effectiveness of shielding for all two substances. Iodine has higher shielding effect than barium sulfate, 0.05 mm thick appears great effect. Therefore, the Monte Carlo simulation confirms that iodine, which is a radiological contrast agent, is also usable as barium sulfate in the production of radiation shielding sheets.

• Biomaterials and Biomechanics in Bioengineering
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.37-50
• /
• 2020

Development of lightweight implant plates are important to reduce the stress shielding effect for a prosthesis of femur bone fractures. Stainless steel (SS-316L) is a widely used material for making implants. Stress shielding effect and other issues arise due to the difference in mechanical properties of stainless steel when compared with bone. To overcome these issues, composite materials seem to be a better alternative solution. The comparison is made between two biocompatible composite materials, namely Ti-hydroxyapatite and Ti-polypropylene. "Titanium (Ti)" is fiber material while "hydroxyapatite" and "polypropylene" are matrix materials. These two composites have Young's modulus closer to the bone than stainless steel. Besides the variety of bones, present paper constrained to femur bone analysis only. Being heaviest and longest, the femur is the most likely to fail among all bone failures in human. Modelling of the femur bone, screws, implant and assembly was carried out using CATIA and static analysis was carried out using ANSYS. The femur bone assembly was analyzed for forces during daily activities. Ti-hydroxyapatite and Ti-polypropylene composite implants induced more stress in composite implant plate, results less stress induced in bone leading to a reduction in shielding effect than stainless steel implant plate thus ensuring safety and quick healing for the patient.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.27-35
• /
• 1993

A shielding analysis of the shipping cask for transporting the CANDU spent fuel bundles has been studied. Radiation source term has been calculated on spent fuel with burn-up of 7,800 MWD/MTU and 5 years cooling time by ORIGEN2 code. The shielding calculation for the cask capable of transporting 378 bundles of CANDU spent fuel has been made by use of 1-D ANISN and 2-D DOT 4.2 codes. As a result of analysis, the optimum shield thickness of cask was obtained. And it is proved that the safety in radiation shielding under normal transport and hypothetical accident conditions is confirmed to satisfy the allowable values specified in IAEA Safety Series No. 6 and the Korean Atomic Law.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
• /
• 1995.05a
• /
• pp.847-852
• /
• 1995

A shielding analysis for KSC-7, the shipping cask for transporting the 7 PWR spent fuel assemblies, has been carried out. Radiation source term has been calculated on spent fuel with burnup of 50,000 MWD/MTU and 1.5 years cooling time by ORIGEN2 code. The shielding calculation for the cask has been made by using MCNP4A code with continuous cross section data library from ENDF/B-V. As a result of neutron dose rate analysis, another shielding calculational model on spent fuel shipping cask was provided which is using the Monte Carlo method.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
• /
• v.65 no.4
• /
• pp.684-688
• /
• 2016

The magnetic resonance method requires high quality factor(Q-factor) of resonators. Superconductor coils were used in this study to increase the Q-factor of wireless power transfer(WPT) systems in the magnetic resonance method. The results showed better transfer efficiency compared to copper coils. However, as superconducting coils should be cooled below critical temperatures, they require cooling containers. In this viewpoint, shielding materials for the cooling containers were applied for the analysis of the WPT characteristics. The shielding materials were applied at both ends of the transmitter and receiver coils. Iron, aluminum, and plastic were used for shielding. The electric field distribution and S-parameters (S11, S21) of superconducting coils were compared and analyzed according to the shield materials. As a result, plastic shielding showed better transfer efficiency, while iron and aluminum had less efficiency. Also, the maximum magnetic field distribution of the coils according to the shielding materials was analyzed. It was found that plastic shielding had 5 times bigger power transfer rate than iron or aluminum. It is suggested that the reliability of superconducting WPT systems can be secured if plastic is used for the cooling containers of superconducting resonance coils.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.55 no.5
• /
• pp.1519-1526
• /
• 2023

For the first time Aluminium-BariumeZinc oxide nanocomposite (ZABONC) was synthesized by solution combustion method where calcination was carried out at low temperatures (600℃) to study the electromagnetic (EM) (X/γ) radiation shielding properties. Further for characterization purpose standard techniques like PXRD, SEM, UV-VISIBLE, FTIR were used to find phase purity, functional groups, surface morphology, and to do structural analysis and energy band gap determination. The PXRD pattern shows (hkl) planes corresponding to spinel cubic phase of ZnAl₂O4, cubic Ba(NO₃)₂, α and γ phase of Al₂O₃ which clearly confirms the formation of complex nano composite. From SEM histogram mean size of nano particles was calculated and is in the order of 17 nm. Wood and Tauc's relation direct energy band gap calculation gives energy gap of 2.9 eV. In addition, EM (X/γ) shielding properties were measured and compared with the theoretical ones using standard procedures (NaI (Tl) detector and multi channel analyzer MCA). For energy above 356 keV the measured shielding parameters agree well with the theory, while below this value slight deviation is observed, due to the influence of atomic/crystallite size of the ZABONC. Hence synthesized ZABONC can be used as a shielding material in EM (X/γ) radiation shielding.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.56 no.1
• /
• pp.301-308
• /
• 2024

Ceramic materials are being explored as alternatives to toxic lead sheets for radiation shielding due to their favorable properties like durability, thermal stability, and aesthetic appeal. However, crafting effective ceramics for radiation shielding entails complex processes, raising production costs. To investigate local viability, this study evaluated Malaysian ceramic tiles for shielding in diagnostic X-ray rooms. Different ceramics in terms of density and thickness were selected from local manufacturers. Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) and X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) characterized ceramic compositions, while Monte Carlo Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System (MC PHITS) simulations determined Linear Attenuation Coefficient (LAC), Half-value Layer (HVL), Mass Attenuation Coefficient (MAC), and Mean Free Path (MFP) within the 40-150 kV energy range. Comparative analysis between MC PHITS simulations and real setups was conducted. The C3-S9 ceramic sample, known for homogeneous full-color structure, showcased superior shielding attributes, attributed to its high density and iron content. Notably, energy levels considerably impacted radiation penetration. Overall, C3-S9 demonstrated strong shielding performance, underlining Malaysia's potential ceramic tile resources for X-ray room radiation shielding.