• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.463-469
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• 1998

Factor analysis was applied as a multivariate statistical technique to official genetic evaluations of type classification traits for 1,265,785 Holstein cows and 10,321 sires computed from data collected between August 1982 and June 1994 in Canada. Type traits included eighteen linear descriptive traits and eight major score card traits. Principal components of the factor analysis showed that only five factors explain the information of the genetic value of linear descriptive traits for both cows and sires. Factor 1 included traits related to mammary system, like texture, median suspensory, fore attachment, fore teat placement and rear attachment height and width. Factor 2 described stature, size, chest width and pin width. These two factors had a similar pattern for both cows and sires. In constrast, Factor 3 for cows involved only bone-quality, while in addition for sires, Factor 3 included foot angle, rear legs desirability and legs set. Factor 4 for cows related to foot angle, set of rear leg and leg desirability, while Factor 4 related to loin strenth and pin setting for sires. Finally, Factor 5 included loin strength and pin setting for cows and described only pin setting for sires. Two factors only were required to describe score card traits of cows and sires. Factor 1 related to final score, feet and legs, udder traits, mammary system and dairy character, while frame/capacity and rump were described by Factor 2. Communality estimates which determine the proportion of variance of a type trait that is shared with other type traits via the common factor variant were high, the highest ${\geq}$ 80% for final score, stature, size and chest width. Pin width and pin desirability had the lowest communality, 56% and 37%. Results indicated shifts in emphasis over the twelve-year period away from udder traits and dairy character, and towards size, scale and width traits. A new system that computes fmal score from type components has been initiated.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.93-103
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• 2019

We examined the mediating effect of the consistency of the values of organizational members on the relationship between the values of IT enterprise executives and organizational performance. Hypotheses 1, 2, and 3, which were set up to achieve the purpose of this study, were verified as follows. First, Hypothesis 1 proposed that the values of management will have a positive effect on organizational performance. Second, Hypothesis 2 proposed that the values of management are likely to have a positive effect on the consistency of the values of organizational members. Third, Hypothesis 3 proposed that the consistency of the values of organizational members will have a positive (+) influence on organizational performance. We found that the consistency of the values of organizational members has a positive (+) influence on organizational performance. Hypothesis 3 was adopted. Fourth, the consistency of the values of the organizational members proved that the organizations with high consistency of values performed well by mediating the values and organizational performance of management. In other words, according to the values of the management, we can improve an organization's sustainability management system by increasing the value of organizational performance and the values of organizational members. Therefore, we must establish plans that can be shared systematically and strategically about the values of management. In addition, the consistency of the values of organizational members has a direct or indirect influence on improving organizational performance. Therefore, we need to systematically derive and improve various factors that can increase the consistency of the values of organizational members in terms of strategic human resource management, such as organizational vision, core values, talent awards, selection process, and motivation. Therefore, the greatest significance of this study is in its theoretical and practical implications for increasing the sustainability management system by using the influence of the executives' can do to further improve the organizational performance.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.257-262
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• 2015

The seven selected primers BION-13, BION-29, BION-61, BION-64, BION-68, BION-72 and BION-80 generated the total number of loci, average number of loci per lane and specific loci in Meretrix lusoria (ML), Saxidomus purpuratus (SP) and Cyclina sinensis (CS) species. Here, the complexity of the banding patterns varied dramatically between the primers from the three venerid clam species. The higher fragment sizes (> 1,000 bp) are much more observed in the SP species. The primer BION-68 generated 21 unique loci to each species, which were ascertaining each species, approximately 150 bp, 300 bp and 450 bp, in the ML species. Remarkably, the primer BION-80 detected 7 shared loci by the three clam species, major and/or minor fragments of sizes 500 bp, which were matching in all samples. As regards average bandsharing value (BS) results, individuals from CS clam species (0.754) exhibited higher bandsharing values than did individuals from SP clam species (0.607) (P < 0.05). In this study, the dendrogram obtained by the seven oligonucleotides primers indicates three genetic clusters: cluster 1 (LUSORIA01-LUSORIA07), cluster 2 (PURPURATUS08-PURPURATUS14), cluster 3 (SINENSIS15-SINENSIS21). Among the twenty one venerid clams, the shortest genetic distance that displayed significant molecular differences was between individuals 18 and 20 from the CS species (genetic distance = 0.071), while the longest genetic distance among the twenty-one individuals that displayed significant molecular differences was between individuals LUSORIA no. 02 and PURPURATUS no. 09 (genetic distance = 0.778). Relatively, individuals of SP venerid species were appropriately closely related to that of CS species, as shown in the hierarchical dendrogram of genetic distances. Eventually, PCR fragments exposed in the present study may be worthwhile as a DNA marker the three venerid clam species to discriminate.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.61-71
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• 2015

The objectives of this study are to construct an ecoregion map and to extract ecological factors from each ecoregion to adapt FLR (Forest Landscape Restoration) of North Korea. An ecological map was constructed by PCA(Principal Component Analysis) and MGC(Multivatiate Geographical Clustering). An ANOVA test verified the differences among ecoregions, and post-hoc pair wise comparisons were performed to determine similarities between them. Factor analysis was conducted to extract ecoregional characteristics. Ecoregions were distributed into clusters reflecting differences of south and north and of east and west of their ecological factors. About 12% of land area in North Korea shared similar ecological factors with South Korea, but the remaining 88% was found to be ecologically different. The ANOVA test showed a p-value of 0.000, indicating significant differences between the regions. Post-hoc pair wise comparisons indicated statistically significant similarities in annual mean temperature between ecoregion D and G, precipitation seasonality between ecoregion H and O, and precipitation of the warmest quarter between ecoregion K and O. Because ecoregion A and N showed same in their soil water contents, they were assumed that the dense of forest cover in the Southern ecoregion A is similar to that in the Northern ecoregion N of Korean peninsular. Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to accommodate quantitative and spatial based planning, when South Korea aids forest restoration projects in North Korea. In addition, it is recommended for both South and North Korea to share on Forest Landscape Restoration methodologies with each other.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.11-20
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• 2012

Recently, EA has been introduced in the Korean government as a tool for improving both IT management and IT investment. However, EA has been superficially used at the conceptual level without any efforts for facilitating it. As a result, it seems that any substantial outcomes from using EA could be hardly realized. This study suggests EA Service Model as a framework for facilitating the use of EA and then generating benefits. The purpose of EA Service Model is to provide a framework with which information and data can be linked, interconnected and shared in the whole process of IT management. It is expected that EA Service Model will possibly make a contribution to improving IT management. Empirical Analysis shows that key factors of EA Service Model make significant effects on improving the IT management, proving practical value and the validity of the model.

• BMB Reports
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.511-516
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• 2007

A glutathione S-transferase (GST) related to the phi (F) class of enzymes only found in plants has been cloned from the Oryza sativa. The GST cDNA was cloned by PCR using oligonucleotide primers based on the OsGSTF5 (GenBank Accession No. $\underline{AF309382}$) sequences. The cDNA was composed of a 669-bp open reading frame encoding for 223 amino acids. The deduced peptide of this gene shared on overall identity of 75% with other known phi class GST sequences. On the other hands, the OsGSTF5 sequence showed only 34% identity with the sequence of the OsGSTF3 cloned by our previous study (Cho et al., 2005). This gene was expressed in Escherichia coli with the pET vector system and the gene product was purified to homogeneity by GSH-Sepharose affinity column chromatography. The expressed OsGSTF5 formed a homo-dimer composed of 28 kDa subunit and its pI value was approximately 7.8. The expressed OsGSTF5 displayed glutathione conjugation activity toward 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene and 1,2-epoxy-3-(p-nitrophenoxy)propane and glutathione peroxidase activity toward cumene hydroperoxide. The OsGSTF5 also had high activities towards the herbicides alachlor, atrazine and metolachlor. The OsGSTF5 was highly sensitive to inhibition by S-hexylGSH, benastatin A and hematin. We propose from these results that the expressed OsGSTF5 is a phi class GST and appears to play a role in the conjugation of herbicide and GPOX activity.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.49-54
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• 2007

In the 21th century, the age of image, people express and evaluate with images. Image is a symbol of a person or a thing. It simulates people's visual sense most quickly and precisely and is shared in the society. At the time, since it is acknowledged that there are few books available and lack of theoretical system with regard to image making, the purpose of this study was to get a theoretical access to image making by taking as an empirical case the case of Choi Byeongryeol, a candidate running for the congress in June 4, 1998 and combining it with theories of costume. Research methods employed here were to investigate the theoretical system of image making and fashion direction, and to analyze empirical cases. The boundary of the empirical case was limited to the candidate's fashion direction during the election period for 50 days from April 1998 to the election date June 4, 1998. The results of this study are as follows. First, personal image making aims at the establishment of one's own identity through building up an ideal image. Second, it is found that personal image making can make a complete image possible through fashion direction. Third, it is found that fashion direction functions as a symbol and communicative means with a result that the effect can penetrate to the society accurately and quickly. Fourth, it is found that fashion direction fit for a situation can enhance personal values and reinforce his or her competitive power to carry out the ultimate goals in the society. This study proved that fashion styling for personal image making expresses a person in a symbolic image, enhances his/her personal value in the society and, ultimately, contributes to the establishment of an individual's identity.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.1-19
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• 2011

Following the growth of e-Business, there has been a recent increase of interest in promoting Social Business (s-Business) based on Social Network Service(SNS). As the introduction of the Internet brought about the increasing number of its users followed by the growing market of e-Commerce, online games, and e-Learning, the increasing number of SNS users has opened the new markets combining the existing industrial fields with SNS, and it developed into a revenue model beyond the mere sharing of information. Despite such industrial and social environments, understanding of new social business technology from the aspect of business has been insufficient, and the empirical study on participation in the social business has been scant as well. Thus, the main purpose of this study is to investigate the s-Business in detail and to study the factors giving influence to the users' participation in s-Business. This study proposes six variables(Self-Empowerment, Job Relevance, Formation of Social Capital, Relative Advantage, Shared Value, Relationship Specified Investment) and the moderating effects of Psychological Contract as influential factors closely related with s-Business. A total of 362 data from a survey were analyzed by using Structural Equation Modeling(SEM). Result showed that all factors with the exception of Job Relevance have meaningful influence on the intention to participate in s-Business. The implication of the findings suggests to compliment limitations of the existing researches, and to prepare the theoretical foundation for promoting s-Business participation in addition to further suggesting directionality from the view point of the users of the social business-relevant studies.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.37-53
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• 2001

Two regions of mtDNA genome, cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and 165 ribosomal RNA (165 rRNA) genes, were sequenced for 15 species of the long-horned beetle belonging to four subfamilies and geographic samples of mulberry longicorn beetle, Apriona germari, from two localities in Korea. Ten samples of A. germari collected from Suwon and Busan revealed three COI haplotypes ranging in nucleotide divergence of 0.3% to 0.5%, and the two populations shared one common COI haplotype (80%). The sequence divergence among 15 species of the long-horned beetle was much higher in COI gene (12.3%∼39.4%) than 16S rRNA gene (7.2% to 23.1), and the maximum value in the COI gene is exceptional compared with other relevant studies, including that of Coleoptera. The greatly increased divergence in the COI gene, in facto was stemmed from a peculiar sequence of Prionus insularis belonging to Prioninne, divergence of which ranges from 31.2% to 39.3% from other species. We discussed possible reason of the divergence in this species. Due to the abnormality of COI gene divergence, decrease in phylogenetic signal was severe in COI nucleotide and, subsequently, the converted amino acid sequences, rendering us to put more confidence on the 16S5 rRNA gene data. Although the molecular phylogeny confidently supports the monophyletic origin of Lepturinae, the presence of discrepancy between molecular data and traditional taxonomic views also is a testable hyothesis. One such discrepancy includes taxonomic position of Sophronica obrioides and Theophilea cylindricollis belonging to Lamiinae.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.81-97
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• 2017

Objecives: This study was performed to analyze the effect of the family strength perceived by college students on flow. Methods: To achieve this purpose, a survey on the family strength and flow was conducted on 113 male college students and 187 female college students. Correlation analysis and independent sample t-test were carried out among the variables, and regression analysis was performed to examine the effect of the family strength on flow. Results: The results are as follows. Firstly, the family strength of the college students had a static correlation with flow. Secondly, the examination on the difference between the male and female college students in the family strength and the flow revealed that the family strength and flow of male students were significantly higher than those of the female students. Thirdly, according to the analysis on the influence of family strength on flow when the sociodemographic background was controlled, the shared value system among family members, the ability of problem solving, and ties with family members from the sub-factors of family strength had significant effect on the sub-factors of flow. Conclusions: Through the above results, this study identified that family strength is important for college students who have greater independence and freedom than in middle and high school, and the higher family strength was, the higher flow was. This result can be used as a basis to prepare a practical intervention plan to increase the flow of college students.