• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.91-97
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• 2017

Korean solar energy companies are currently suffering bankruptcy, receivership, liquidation of operation, lay-off or other similar event and most of the conglomerate are also downsized or discontinued operations in the industry. This study aims to assist Korean solar energy companies in making decision to overcome the current industrial crisis through looking into the Korean companies' growth, encounter with the crisis and strategies to survive. The main research topic in this study is a comparison between respective effect of M&A and restructuring on corporate value to understand such effects on solar energy companies. In this study, we utilized a variety of research methodologies, including dummy regression analysis, binary analysis of variance, analysis of cross addition to T-test was carried out empirical analysis. As a result, it seems that the companies who chose an M&A are facing a better situation in terms of survival and market share despite the ongoing crisis. Through this study, it could be found that, for a technology company, an M&A would be a better option than restructuring to grow and overcome a crisis.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.121-126
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• 2019

The big data utilization category in the sports field was mainly focused on the big data analysis to improve the competence of the athlete and the performance. Since then, 'big data technology' which collect and analyze more detailed and diverse data through the application of ICT technology such as IoT and AI has been applied. The use of big data of sports contents in future has value and possibility in the smart environment, but it is necessary to overcome the shortage and limitation of platform to manage and share sports contents. In order to solve such problems, it is important to change the perception of the companies or providers that provide sports contents and cultivate and secure professional personnel capable of providing sports contents. Also, it is necessary to implement policies to systematically manage and utilize big data poured from sports contents.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.97-108
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• 2018

"Death is the side of life which is turned away from us." The life of people in Seoul, however, is disconnected from death. Why? This article compares the historical changes in the cemetery disposition of Paris and Seoul to answer this question. The cemetery is always a meeting place between the living and the dead. In pre-modern cities, the cemetery was close to the people's daily life. However, the fundamental change of urban structure due to modernization has a great influence on the cemetery. With the advent of the train, the world has shrunk and the city has expanded unprecedentedly. In such a situation, the cemetery is expelled to the outside of the city. However, while Paris and Seoul share the same overall flow, they responded differently to the plans for the establishment of large-scale remote cemeteries. In Paris, the plan was canceled by citizens who value their relationship with the dead. On the other hand, Seoul was unable to manage the cemetery due to social confusion in 20th century. All cemeteries were expelled as industrialization began. As a result, there is no public cemetery or ossuary at present in Seoul. In Seoul, about 20 years ago however, a new kind of place for the dead began to appear. It is an ossuary attached to religious facilities. In other words, the current cemetery of Seoul is divided into two forms : the public cemetery, which is expelled from the city, and the private ossuary, which is attached to religious facilities built in the city.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.77-105
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• 2008

Even though Paule Marshall and Ishmael Reed have differences of gender, generation, and literary techniques, they share common points in dealing with cultural conflicts and racial discrimination in the United States as Afro-American Writers. As black minority writers, Marshall and Reed write out of a perspective of forced immigrant/fragmentary native consciousness. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the protagonist's reaction to racial prejudice, different cultures and their attempts to reconcile and to coexist with other races and their culture in these writers' representative works. Marshall's uniqueness as a contemporary black female artist stems from her ability to write from the three levels, that is, African American and Caribbean black. So, Marshall's Brown Girl, Brownstones represents an attempt to identify, analyze, and resolve the conflict between cultural loss/displacement and cultural domination/hegemony. Reed's Japanes by Spring offers a blistering attack upon the various cultural and racial factions of the academy and the bankrupt value systems in America. Reed's depiction of Jack London College's existing racial problems-later compounded by the cultural dilemmas that accompany the Japanese occupation of the institution-reveals his interest in highlighting the ways in which any monoculturalist ideology ultimately results in racist and culturally exclusive policies. Marshall's and Reed's novels provide opportunities for reader to explore various manifestations of intercultual and interethnic dynamics. They present the possibility of reconciliation and coexistence between different race and ethnic cultures through asserting a cultural hybridity and multiculturalism.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.353-363
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• 2021

As the Untact era is rapidly changing, collaboration tools are increasing their utilization and value as digital technologies for non-face-to-face work. While instant messenger-based collaboration tools support a variety of functions, crime and accident concerns are also increasing in proportion to their convenience, such as information leakage and security incidents. Meanwhile, the digital forensics perspective on collaborative tools is not enough, so forensics research is needed. This study analyzes significant artifacts in the two operating environments through Windows and Android forensics research on Microsoft Teams, the collaboration tool with the highest share in the world. Also, based on differences in artifacts and data attributes according to the operating environment, by applying 'differential forensic', we proved that the usefulness of evidence can be improved by presenting a complementary analysis method and timeline configuration through information linkage.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.127-135
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• 2021

We analyze the information asymmetry in the capital market by examining the long-term performance by the insider's trading behavior in the companies that made investment announcements for the construction of the new office building. The results are summarized as follows. On average, the long-term abnormal returns on share prices of sample firms represent a significant positive value. The regression analysis confirmed that there is a statistically significant positive correlation between the factor of the change in equity of large shareholders and the long-term performance. On the other hand, negative correlation was observed between change in equity of small individual investors and long-term performance. These results mean that an insider can determine the authenticity of a manager's private intention. In other words, it supports that the insider is in a position of information superiority. In addition, it is expected to provide practical usefulness to investors in that the change in equity can be used as a predictor of long-term performance.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.250-256
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• 2022

This study was conducted to measure changes in polyphenol components and antioxidant effects of Cirsium Lineare (Thunb.) after fermentation by lactic acid bacteria. First, Cirsium Lineare (Thunb.) extract (CE, unfermented) and Cirsium Lineare (Thunb.) extract fermented with Lactobacillus paracasei (FCE) were prepared. Changes in components resulting from fermentation were confirmed through changes in polyphenol compound content and silymarin derivative pattern, and antioxidant activity was confirmed using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, 2,2'azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) analyses. As a result, polyphenol contents of CE and FCE were confirmed as 21.94 ± 1.15 and 67.90 ± 4.48 mg GAE/g, respectively. Both values were increased approximately three times by fermentation, and there was also a change in the silymarin derivative pattern. In the case of DPPH radical RC₅₀ values in particular, CE and FCE were confirmed to inhibit DPPH radicals by 50% at concentrations of 129.44 ± 5.85 and 50.00 ± 3.47 ㎍/mL, respectively, with the FCE value approximately 2.5 times lower than that of CE. In addition, ABTS radical scavenging and FRAP activity were confirmed to share similar trends as DPPH radical scavenging activity. When CE and FCE were compared, FCE showed a better antioxidant effect overall. In conclusion, this study suggested that FCE prepared through lactic acid bacteria fermentation may be utilized as a powerful antioxidant material.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.301-313
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• 2021

The automotive industry is facing a paradigm shift, changing from owning to sharing and from manufacturing to service. However, it is hard to conclude that the economic value of smart mobility service is always positive to users. Cost related to owing or share a vehicle is very hard to estimate from the perspective of potential users as well as the benefit of the service. Focusing on the cost side of the story, this study develops a cost estimating model based on three main factors: electrification, advanced driving assistant systems (ADAS) function, and participation of ride-sharing service. As a result of the model analysis, low cost was estimated as a result when receiving cost benefits such as electrification and ride-sharing participation. Various factors were analyzed through sensitivity analysis also. These results can provide useful insights into the cost prediction and strategies for potential users and manufacturers on smart mobility service market.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.1-20
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• 2021

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine the welfare effects of standards harmonization between technologically asymmetric countries, and to determine optimal harmonization strategies for a country with mid-level technological advancement. Design/methodology - Following Salop's circular city model (Salop, 1979), this study constructs a simple, horizontally-differentiated oligopoly model in which three firms and three countries exist. Each country adopts different compatibility standards and each firm incurs conversion costs for foreign market access due to differences in standards. The conversion costs are related to technology; standards harmonization removes these costs between participating countries. The paper considers three cases: i) no harmonization; ii) harmonization with the more technologically-advanced country and iii) harmonization with the less technologically-advanced country. Findings - The paper first considers a scenario in which all three firms occupy some share of the market in each country. It shows that standards harmonization with both the technologically moreor less-advanced country always increases consumer surplus and social welfare. In addition, the producer surplus will increase if the harmonization partner has a higher technology level, whereas it may decrease if the partner has a lower technology level. It also shows that if most domestic export goods are in sectors with conversion costs above a certain level, harmonizing standards with a technologically more-advanced country should be prioritized. Such strategies, moreover, should be emphasized when there exists a large technology gap among countries. Lastly, the paper considers another scenario, in which harmonization leads to the foreclosure of the non-member firm from the member countries' markets. It shows that harmonization improves the social welfare of a mid-level technology country regardless of its partner's technology. It also shows that the country should prioritize harmonization with the technologically less-advanced country. Originality/value - Though some of the existing studies consider the welfare effects of harmonization, their main assumption is that firms have the same conversion technology. Since complying with standards often requires substantial technological advancement and technical expertise, harmonization of compatibility standards between countries with gaps in technological ability carries different implications. This paper investigates the welfare effects of this harmonization and determines an optimal harmonization strategy while considering technological asymmetry among countries in standards compliance.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.23 no.7
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• pp.96-112
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• 2019

Purpose - "Trade Facilitation" aims the easier flow of trade across borders, driven not only by effective customs administration, the efficiency of appropriate authorities, but also by telecommunications, the quality of infrastructures and competent logistics. Facilitating trade will help lower trade development costs as well as improve economic development and enhance economic benefits for emerging economies at a time when imports and exports are sent in and out across borders several times in the form of intermediate and final products. Not only that, globalization is being accelerated, which in turn increases competitiveness and this makes logistics one of the key factors when it comes to international trade. Highly efficient logistics services promote product movement, ensure product safety and delivery speed, and reduce trade costs between countries. The purpose of this study is, by using the LPI indices based on gravity model estimates, to analyze the impact of each LPI component on trade with the 20 biggest exporting countries of Northeast Asian countries-Korea, Japan, and China-which account for 19.05% of global exports. Design/methodology - Also, this study statistically analyzes the impact of trade on Northeast Asian countries' top 20 exporting countries, using the LPI indices relevant to Trade Facilitation based on the gravity model estimates. Findings - As a result, it was turned out that the distance, GDP, and the LPI components have relevant impact on the trade exports of all three countries but demonstrated little relation to the demographic perspective. Originality/value - The study also found we can increase the trade volume by improving three countries' trade partners' LPI indices since Korea, Japan, and China share most of their 20 biggest trade partners.