• Title/Summary/Keyword: shape reproduction

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Germ Cell Differentiations during Spermatogenesis and Taxonomic Values of Mature Sperm Morphology of $Atrina$ ($Servatrina$) $pectinata$ (Bivalvia, Pteriomorphia, Pinnidae)

  • Kang, Hee-Woong;Chung, Ee-Yung;Kim, Jin-Hee;Chung, Jae-Seung;Lee, Ki-Young
    • Development and Reproduction
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.19-29
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    • 2012
  • The ultrastructural characteristics of germ cell differentiations during spermatogenesis and mature sperm morphology in male $Atrina$ ($Servatrina$) $pectinata$ were evaluated via transmission electron microscopic observation. The accessory cells, which contained a large quantity of glycogen particles and lipid droplets in the cytoplasm, are assumed to be involved in nutrient supply for germ cell development. Morphologically, the sperm nucleus and acrosome of this species are ovoid and conical in shape, respectively. The acrosomal vesicle, which is formed by two kinds of electron-dense or lucent materials, appears from the base to the tip: a thick and slender elliptical line, which is composed of electron-dense opaque material, appears along the outer part (region) of the acrosomal vesicle from the base to the tip, whereas the inner part (region) of the acrosomal vesicle is composed of electron-lucent material in the acrosomal vesicle. Two special characteristics, which are found in the acrosomal vesicle of A. ($S$) $pectinata$ in Pinnidae (subclass Pteriomorphia), can be employed for phylogenetic and taxonomic analyses as a taxonomic key or a significant tool. The spermatozoa were approximately $45-50{\mu}m$ in length, including a sperm nucleus (about $1.43{\mu}m$ in length), an acrosome (about $0.51{\mu}m$ in length), and a tail flagellum (about $46-47{\mu}m$). The axoneme of the sperm tail evidences a 9+2 structure.

Relationship of diploid East Aisan Taraxacum Wiggers using the capitulum morphological character (형태형질에 의한 동아시아산 민들레속 2배체 식물의 유연관계)

  • Lee, Kyung Hwa;Yang, Ji Young;Morita, Tatsuyoshi;Ito, Motomi;Pak, Jae-Hong
    • Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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    • v.34 no.2
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    • pp.153-166
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    • 2004
  • Genus Taraxacum propagated through diploid sexual reproduction and polyploid agamospermy. The cluster analysis of Korean(2 species, 4 population), Japanese (2 species 4 taxa 6 population) and Taiwanese (1 species, 3 population) Taraxacum species using 15 measured capitulum morphological characters was conducted to study the speciation of diploid Taraxacum in East Asia. We measured 15 capitulum morphological characters including length of capitulum, length and shape of outer-involucre, corniculate appandage. Within one population, these characters were very various and were overlapped. The result of cluster analysis using morphological character showed that all species were clustered into four groups (Korean species & T. japonicum group, T. platycarpum subspecies group, T. platycarpum subsp. hodense group, T. formosanum group). Korean species, T. hallaisanense (diploid) and T. ohiwanum (diploid, triploid) were clustered into T. japonicum that was occurred in Kansai provinces of Japan. Therefore, we could infer that Korean species was closely related to Japanese T. japonicum of Japanese species.

One-visit Apexification Using MTA and Reattachment of a Crown-root Fractured Tooth with Severe Coronal Damage: A Case Report (심한 치관 손상이 발생한 치관-치근 파절 치아의 일회 내원 치근관형성술 및 파절편 재부착 : 증례 보고)

  • Park, Youngjun;Lee, Jewoo;Ra, Jiyoung
    • Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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    • v.45 no.4
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    • pp.521-527
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    • 2018
  • In dental trauma, reattachment of the original tooth fragment improves the reproduction of original tooth shape, texture, color, and radiolucency; thus, it provides good aesthetics. A 9-year-old boy was referred due to complicated crown-root fracture of the maxillary right central incisor. Although it had poor prognosis due to severe coronal damage and subcrestal fracture, reattachment of the tooth fragment was chosen due to the patient's age. One-visit apexification with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) was performed, followed by osteotomy and reattachment of the tooth fragment with post placement. Regular observation revealed no clinical signs or symptoms and no radiologic complications.

Ecology of Some Perennial Weeds in Paddy Fields (답 다년생 잡초의 생태에 관한 연구)

  • 양환승;김무기;전재철
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.24-34
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    • 1976
  • The most troublesome perennials in the paddy fields in Korea, such as Cyperus serotinus, Potamogeton Franchetii, Sagittaria pygmaea and Eleocharis Kuroguwai, were studied about shape, aspects of ,germination, depth of development(under flooded and upland conditions), reproduction process and production amount. And these characters were compared with in these perennials.

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The Search of fig Pheromonal Odorants for Biostimulation Control System Technologies: I. Ligand Based Molecular Shape Similarity of 5$\alpha$-androst-16-en-3-one Analogous and Their Physicochemical Parameters (생물학적 자극 통제 수단으로서 활용하기 위한 돼지 페로몬성 냄새 물질의 탐색: I. 5$\alpha$-androst-16-en-3-one 유사체들의 리간드에 기초한 분자 유사성과 물리화학 파라미터)

  • 성낙도;김철호;진동일;박창식
    • Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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    • v.28 no.1
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    • pp.45-52
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    • 2004
  • To search a new porcine pheromonal odorants, this research for biostimulation and role of pheromone was augmented by means of "control system technologies" to offer a potentially useful and practical way to improve reproductive efficiency in livestock species. Therefore the 13 physicochemical parameters such as similarity indice (S), hydrophobicity (logP) and van der Waals molecule volume (MV) etc. of 54 steroid analogues, which are analogous of substrate molecules, 5$\alpha$-androst-16-en-3-one (P1) and 5$\alpha$-androst-16-en-3-ol (P2) of lipocalin as receptor of pig pheromones were calculated and discussed. The physicochemical properties of these steroid analogues were mainly followed by steric dissimilar of A and D ring in steroid nucleus. And we found that from correlation with S values and MV constants of molecules, the more MV constants are small, the more S values tend to approach 1. Based on this results, the S-values of 4-androsten-3,17-dione (P1-1) and 5 $\alpha$ -androstan-3-one (P2-1) were 1.0, respectively. The two compounds of them were chosen because they showed the same value each other at a side of hydrophobicity, molar refractivity and molecular volume. It is expected that the new two compounds will be able to substitute for P1 and P2, porcine pheromonal odorants.

Isolation and Charactrization of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Yeast from Traditional Andong sikhe (전통 안동식혜로부터 젖산균 및 효모의 분리 및 그 특성)

  • Kim, Sung;Son, Jun-Ho;Woo, He-Sob;Seung, Tae-Su;Choi, Cheong
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.30 no.4
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    • pp.941-947
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    • 1998
  • We isolated seventy two lactic acid bacteria and two hundred yeast from traditional Andong sikhe. Microorganisms were isolate from 4 kinds of traditional Andong sikhe. The optimum temperature and pH for growth of sikhe yeast, No. SCS 5, was $30^{\circ}C$ and 4.5, respectively. SCS 5 produced $CO_2$ gas and 1.5% of alcohol in malt extract broth. SCS 5 was identified as S. cersvisiae from the observation of shape of vegetative reproduction, morphological and cultural chararteristics, fermentation and assimilation of carbon sources, and physiological characteristics.

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Comparison of Virtual 3D Tree Modelling Using Photogrammetry Software and Laser Scanning Technology (레이저스캐닝과 포토그래메트리 소프트웨어 기술을 이용한 조경 수목 3D모델링 재현 특성 비교)

  • Park, Jae-Min
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.304-310
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    • 2020
  • The technology in 3D modelling have advanced not only maps, heritages, constructions but also trees modelling. By laser scanning(Faro s350) and photogrammetry software(Pix4d) for 3D modelling, this study compared with real coniferous tree and both technology's results about characteristics of shape, texture, and dimensions. As a result, both technologies all showed high reproducibility. The scanning technique showed very good results in the reproduction about bark and leaves. Comparing the detailed dimensions on it, the error between the actual tree and modelling with scanning was 1.7~2.2%, and the scanning result was larger than the actual tree. The error between the actual tree and photogrammetry was only 0.2~0.5%, which was larger than the actual tree. On the other hand, the dark areas's modelling was not fully processed. This study is meaningful as a basic research that can be used for tree DB on BIM for the landscape architecture, landscape design and analysis with AR technology, historical tree and heritage also.

Reproduction of 3D Virtual Wear of Sleeve-expanded Power Shoulder Jacket (소매확장 파워숄더 재킷의 3D 가상착의 재현)

  • Jeongah Park;Jeongran Lee
    • Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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    • v.25 no.5
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    • pp.593-602
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    • 2023
  • This study aimed to facilitate the use of virtual technologies such as sewing, appearance, and material expression in 3D virtual wear programs. For product production and education, we expounded how to express the shoulder shape and silhouette of sleeve-expanded power shoulder jackets. Two designs of sleeve-expanded power shoulder jackets were selected, and virtual jackets were produced using a virtual avatar based on the body dimensions of female subjects in their 20s. The essential purpose of a 3D virtual power shoulder jacket is to express the shoulder angle rise and shoulder width, which are much wider than the avatar's shoulder. Therefore, the virtual pad values were adjusted for the collision and rendering of each thickness. In addition, the position and angle of the virtual pads were controlled through simulation. Appearance similarity was evaluated using photographic data and the virtual jackets. For the set-in sleeve virtual power shoulder jacket, the wrinkle expressions of the torso and sleeve were rated as moderate, and material expression was slightly insufficient. The similarity of some ease and width items of the torso was tightly expressed, and the overall appearance, positions of lines, and details of jackets were rated high, especially at the neck and sleeve shapes. In the case of the kimono virtual power shoulder jacket, the expressions of the torso wrinkles and buttons were slightly lower; however, the overall similarity, basic lines, ease, shoulder and neck details, and material expression of the virtual jackets were highly evaluated.

Spermatogenesis and Ultrastructural Characteristics of Spermatozoa of Brackish Water Diploid Clam, Corbicula japonica (Bivalvia: Corbiculidae) (기수산 2배체 재첩, Corbicula japonica(Bivalvia: Corbiculidae)의 정자형성과정 및 정자의 미세구조적 특징)

  • Jun, Je-Cheon;Kim, Bong-Seok;Chung, Ee-Yung;Kim, Jin-Hee;Park, Gab-Man;Park, Sung-Woo
    • Development and Reproduction
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.115-122
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    • 2009
  • Spermatogenesis and ultrastructural characteristics of sperm of brackish water diploid Corbicula japonica were investigated by electron microscope observations. Based on the cytological studies, the spermatozoon of this species (brackish water diploid) C japonica is approximately 55 ${\mu}m$ in length. The sperm head (about 12 ${\mu}m$ long) is elongated and tapers with a slight curve. Sperm nucleus is about 7.90 ${\mu}m$ long, and the acrosome is about 2.70 ${\mu}m$ long: The morphologies of the sperm nucleus type and the acrosome shape of this species are a long arrow-like type and long cone-like shape, respectively. The sperm head of this species (external fertilization, dioecious and oviparous species) is partially modified from that of the primitive type, as seen in triploid Corbicula species (internal fertilization, hermaphrodite and ovoviparous species), reported by some authors. However, this species produces uniflagellate spermatozoa, unlike freshwater triploid hermaphroditic clams being possessed of partially modified biflagellate spermatozoa. Diploid C japonica is similar to those of other bivalves being possessed of a short midpiece containing four mitochondria surrounding the centrioles. The axoneme of the sperm tail flagellum consists of nine pairs of microtubules at the periphery and a pair at the center. The axoneme of the sperm tail shows a 9+2 structure, and from uniflagellate sperm cross sectioned, in particular, wing-like axonernal lateral fins are observed, as seen in external fertilization fishes.

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Studies on the Effects of Antler Extract in Osteoporosis-Induced Rats II. Effect of Antler Extract on Body Weight It, Femur Weight It, Bone Ash Quantity, Organ Weight and Histological in Osteoporosis-Induced Rats (녹용 추출물 투여가 콜다공증 유발 Rat 에 미치는 효과에 관한 연구 II. 녹용 추출물 투여가 골다공증 유발 Rat 의 체중, 골회분량, 대퇴 및 장기중량 및 조직상의 변화에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, S. K;Kim, S. W.;Kim, M. S.
    • Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.189-197
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    • 2000
  • In this study, we investigated the preventive and therapeutic effects of antler-extract for osteoporosis. Rats were ovariectomized bilaterally and were fed up with Ca- and P-free diet in order to induce osteoporosis. Body weight, organ weight, the weight of femur and bone ash quantity were examined for 5 weeks. We also performed histological and electronical microscopic examinations. 1. After adminstration of female and male antler extract to osteoporosis-induced rats at the doses of 625 and 1250 mg/kg, respectively, the body weights were significantly increased compared with those of normal control group's which was 230.2:t2.3-281.0:t2.5g (p<0.05). 2. The weights of both right and left femur of osteoporosis-induced rats, administered with female or male antler-extract, little decreased compared with those of normal control group. 3. The bone ash quanties of femur of osteoporosis-induced rats, administered with female or male antler-extract, little decreased compared with those of normal control group. 4. The weights of liver, spleen, and kidney of osteoporosis-induced rats, administered with female or male antler-extract, decreased compared with those of normal control group. 5. Histological and electronic microscopical findings were (1) that in normal control rats the connectional of lacunae appeared well and were without loss of bone mineral, (2) that in ovariectomized rats the connections of lacunae were mostly broken and were with loss of bone mineral compared with those of normal control rats, (3) that in osteoporosis-induced rats, administrated with female or male antler-extract, the shape of lacunae and the connections of them were similar to those of normal control rats. These findings suggest a possible protective and therapeutic effects of female or male antler extract against bone loss in ovariectomized rats.

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