• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.127-140
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• 2023

While tools exist for blind people to understand shapes, these are not commercially available nor affordable and often require the assistance of sighted people. Thus, we designed two low-cost grid-based tactile tools using toggle buttons (TogGrid) and cotton balls (CottonGrid). To assess the potential of these as an educational tool, we conducted a user study with 12 people with visual impairments where they were asked to understand and reproduce shapes under different conditions. Although CottonGrid is relatively cheap and easy to make, findings show that TogGrid was perceived to be better in terms of perceived easiness, task completion time, accuracy, and preference in general. Particularly, participants valued TogGrid for enabling them to identify and correct errors. Based on the findings, we provide implications for utilizing toggle buttons for designing educational instruments for learning and expressing shapes for blind people.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.69-79
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• 2020

TRecently, smart cities that solve various problems in cities based on IoT technology are in the spotlight. In particular, cases of BIM application for smooth management of construction and maintenance are increasing, and spatial information is converted into 3D data through convergence technology and used for safety diagnosis. The purpose of this study is to create and combine point clouds of a multi-story building by using a ground laser scanner and a handheld LiDAR SLAM among UAV and LiDAR equipment, supplementing the Occluded area and disadvantages of each technology, examine the effectiveness of indoor and outdoor reverse design by observing shape reproduction and accuracy. As a result of the review, it was confirmed that the coordinate accuracy of the data was improved by creating and combining the indoor and outdoor point clouds of the multi-story building using three technologies. In particular, by supplementing the shortcomings of each technology, the completeness of the shape reproduction of the building was improved, the Occluded area and boundary were clearly distinguished, and the effectiveness of reverse engineering was verified.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.25-31
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• 2015

We have launched an investigation for Embryonic Development, Larvae and Juvenile Morphology, of Buenos aires tetra in order to build basic data of Characidae and fish seeding production. We brought 50 couples of Characidae from Bizidduck aquarium in Yeosu-si, Jeollanamdo, from Korea on March of 2015. We put them in the tetragonal glass aquarium ($50{\times}50{\times}30cm$). Breeding water temperature was $27.5{\sim}28.5^{\circ}C$ (mean $28.0{\pm}0.05^{\circ}C$) and being maintained. The shape of fertilized egg was round shape, and it was adhesive demersal egg. The egg size was 0.63~0.91 mm (mean $0.74{\pm}0.07mm$, n=20). After getting fertilized egg, the developmental stage was gastrula stage, and embryo covered almost two-thirds of Yolk. Incubation was happened after 16 hours 13 minutes from gastrula stage, and the tail of juvenile came out first with tearing egg capsule. Immediately after the incubation, prelarvae had 3.78~3.88 mm length (mean $3.84{\pm}0.04mm$, n=5), and it had no mouth and anus yet. 34 days after hatching from the incubation, juvenile had 8.63~13.1 mm (mean $10.9{\pm}1.66mm$), and it had similar silver-colored body shape with its mother.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.340-358
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to fundamentally examine the vests of the robes "Daeraebok" and "Soraebok" of the Korean Empire from the 1876 Port Opening to the 1910 annexation of Korea to Japan. Among the collections of different robes of the Korean Empire which belong to various universities and institutions, only the vests were surveyed. The shape of the vests in the Korean Empire were single-breasted and double-breasted. Most V-necklines and vests with a shawl collar look like a tailored collar, where the collar outline was shaped like a notched and picked collar, which is a mix of the step collar and roll collar of the 19th century. The rear center line was not flat, but inclined to a triangle. All vests of the robe Daeraebok were equipped with gold buttons, and those of the robe Soraebok had black satin buttons. The tailoring characteristic is that the front has a different material (dark black wool) from the back (black silk). This characteristic is expected to be an important basic piece of information in the restoration and reproduction of the vest, which was worn during the imperial period, especially to reveal its shape, characteristics and composition. This characteristic can also be used as data of cultural contents based on Korean modern history.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.105-117
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• 1995

This study was carried out to investigate the histomorphological changes and the electrophoretic patterns of egg components, obtained from 100 of 1-year-old female catfish(Silurus asotus). Especially, the light microscopic and ultrastructural changes of ooplasm and follicular membranes of oocytes, were observed by light and transmission electron microscope. All data were collected from October in 1992 to May in 1993. The size of the nucleoli and number of the yolk granules increased as the oocyte grew. Yolk granules were deposited in the oocyte as fluid. Due to the presence of large early and late maturing oocytes, their ovaries were large, transparent, granular, and greenish in color. As the percentages of fish in LMO and RO stage increased from March to April, mean of GSI values(19.95%) increased. Follicle cells such as granulosa cell and thecal cell change a squamous into cuboid shape in LPO and EMO stage. Processes, microvilli, from the granulosa cells and from the oocyte grow and make contact with each other in the pore canals of the zona radiata during vitellogenesis, but are withdrawn as the zona radiate becomes more compact and devoid of pore canals during oocyte maturation. The electrophoretic pattern of major band in mature stage was much thicker(21k, 24k, 32k, 45k, 67∼110k, 170k dalton) than that in previtellogenic phase.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.48-54
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• 2017

The ecological characteristics of Pseudoblennius cottoides were investigated off Dolsan Island, Yeosu, Korea, from June to December, 2001. Their habitats were the reef zone and surrounding embankment which was covered with seaweeds. Their range of total length (TL) was 6.10-8.40 cm (n=15), and the individuals (over 8.10 cm) of them accounted for in June. It was 8.60-15.7 cm (n=67), and the individuals 11.1-12.0 cm in TL accounted for in October, 2001. The female to male sex ratio was 1:0.48 (n=185). The gonads were in the shape of a rod and the ovaries were large in size. In June, the histology of the seminiferous tubules was observed. In August, the testicles appeared. In October, spermatocyte was observed in the testes, and ovaries were observed in relation to circumference popularity and oocyte.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.207-220
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• 1991

This study was carried out to investigate the ultrastructural changes of ooplasm and follicular membrane of oocytes, obtained from 150 of 3-year-old female rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss). All data were collected from March in 1989 to February in 1990, and from August to October in 1991. The size of the nucleoli and number of the yolk granules increased as the oocyte growed. Yolk granules were deposited in the oocyte as crystalline granules. Due to the presence of large early and late maturing oocytes, their ovaires were enlarged, transparent and granular. The lattice was broken down at hydration, leaving the egg transparent. As thepercentages of fish in LPO and EMO stage increased from September to October, Mean GSI values increased. Follicle cells such as granulosa cell and thecal cell change a squamous into cuboid shape in LPO and EMO stage. Seasonal changes in the microscopic appearance of the ovaries were well correlated with those in bothgonadosomatic index and macroscopic apearance. Under the natural conditions,t he ovarian follicle influences the histological development and periodical secretion of the hormones, sufficient for a oogenesis and gonadal steroid production. The electrophoretic pattern of major band in mature stage was much thicker(70∼110k dalton) than that in previtellogenic phase.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.45-51
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• 1999

The morphological study was carried out to classify the spermatogenic germ cells of the seminiferous tubule in Korean Native Pheasant during the breeding season. The results were as follows : 1. The spermatogonia can be classified into the three types of A, In(intermediate) and B. 2. The primary spermatocyte can be classified into the five types as preleptotene, leptotene, zygotene, pachytene and diakinesis. 3. The maturing processes of nucleus of spermatid can be divided into seven steps. The round shape of the spermatid was changed to the elongated form during the spermiogenesis. This observation may be useful to the study of the breeding cycles in the Korean Native Pheasant.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.247-260
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• 1992

This study was carried out to investigate the histomorphological changes of ovaries obtained from 100 of 1-year-old female Korean loach(misgurnus anguillicaudatus). The light microscopic and ultrastructural changes ofooplasm and follicular membranes of oocytes, were observed by lightand transmission electron microscope during the reproductive cycle. All data were collected from November in 1991 to May in 1992. The results obtained in this study were as follows: The size of the nucleoli and number of the yolk granules increased as the oocytes grown. Yolk granules were loosely deposited in the oocytes as crystalline granules. Due to the presence of large early and late maturing oocytes, their ovaries were enlarged, transparent, granular and yellowish in color. The lattice was broken down at hydration, leaving the egg transparent. As the percentages of fish in LMO and RO stage increased from March to April, mean gonadosomatic index(GSI) values(18.49%) increased. Zona radiata change a squamous into cuboid shape in EMO stage. Processes from the granulosa cells and from the oocyte, microvilli grow and make contact with other in the pore canals of the zona radiata during vitellogenesis, but are withdrawn as the zona radiata becomes more compact and devoid of pore canals during oocyte maturation. Seasonal changes in the microscopic appearance of the ovaries were well correlated with those in both GSI and macroscopic appearance.

• 보존과학연구
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• s.27
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• pp.83-102
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• 2006

The Suchon-ri tomb No. 1 is the earliest one among the Suchon-ri tombs excavated in 2003. The Suchon-ri tomb No. 1 yielded a number of valuable artifacts furnished with burial goods such as gilt bronze items of a crown, a pair of earrings and shoes and a loop-handled sword with inlaid silver decoration. In particular, a loop-handled sword drew scholarly attention in that it showed characteristics of Baekje such as wave patterns on a silver plate decorated in the handle and sheath and inlaid dragon design on the loop-handle. In the process of the reproducing the loop-handled sword, classification methods of the loop-handled swords, iconography decorated on the swords, unearthed loop-handled swords of the Three Kingdoms Period have been investigated along with studying the reproduction cases in Japan. In addition to the study focused on the shape of the swords, manufacturing techniques have been thoroughly analyzed through scientific methods. Finally, based on the synthesis of a series of studies and analyses, traditional manufacturing techniques employed by Baekje artisans had been inferred and a replica of the loop-handled sword was manufactured with the traditional methods.