• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.722-728
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• 2002

Eight strains producing bacterial cellulose (BC) were isolated from rotten fruits and traditionally fermented vinegars. One of the isolated strains from the rotten grape in Gwangju, Korea, maintained a relatively stable BC production in shaking cultures. This isolated strain proved to be Acetobacter xylinum, based on several biochemical and morphological tests. It was shown that the slant-baffled flask was more efficient than the conventional flask for the BC production in shaking cultures. To determine the most suitable carbon and nitrogen sources for the production of BC, various compounds were examined. Fructose was found to be the most effective carbon source with an optimal concentration of 2%. Mixed carbon source (glucose:fructose=1:3) was also better than glucose or fructose alone. Optimal nitrogen source, when basal medium was used, was 10% (v/v) com steep liquor (CSL). When com steep liquor was used with a mixed carbon source (glucose:fructose=1 :3),4% CSL exhibited the best BC production. Based on these results, a defined medium was developed for the BC production by Acetobacter xylinum KJ-1. When this medium was used under optimal culture conditions, the BC production was 7.2 g/1, which was approximately 3 times higher than that with the traditional HS medium.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.197-203
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• 2014

Various parameters such as solvent selection, concentration, solid/liquid ratio, soaking time, temperature, stationary, shaking conditions, and repeated extractions were investigated in order to determine the optimum extraction conditions of ${\beta}$-glucosidase from bagasse fermented by mixed culture of Aspergillus niger NRC 7A and Aspergillus oryzae NRRL 447. Among various solvents tested, non ionic detergents gave the best results than the inorganic or organic salt solutions and distilled water. The optimum conditions for extraction of ${\beta}$-glucosidase were 30 min soaking time at $40^{\circ}C$ under shaking condition at 150 rpm, with solid/liquid ratio 1:15 (w/v), which yielded $2882.74{\pm}95.52U/g$ fermented culture (g fc) of enzyme activity. With repeated washes under the above optimum conditions, the results showed that enzyme extracted in the $1^{st}$ and $2^{nd}$ washes represents about 90% of the total activity.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.25-29
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• 2000

백합의 건전 우량주의 확보와 대량 증식을 위해 소인편을 배양하여 얻어진 직경 3mm 정도 크기의 소인경구를 사용하여 액체배양을 실시하였다. 인경구의 생장에 미치는 sucrose와 질소 농도의 영향을 알아본 결과 인경구의 생장과 무게에 가장 효과적인 처리구는 10 mM $NH_4NO_3$에 sucrose 9% 또 는 20 mM $NH_4NO_3$에 sucrose 6%인 것으로 나타났으며, 새로운 소인경구의 분구는 $NH_4NO_3$, 20 또는 40 mM에 sucrose 3%에서 가장 양호하였다. 또한 전체 생체중은 광도 $60\;{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^2{\cdot}sec^{-1}$ BA 0.2 mg/L 단독 처리구에서 효과적이었으며, 구중은 BA에 농도에 큰 차이없이 0.2와 2 mg/L 처리에 광도 $60\;{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^2{\cdot}sec^{-1}$에서 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 액체 진탕배양에 적절한 소인경구의 배양기간은 2개월 정도인 것으로 나타냈다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.126-130
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• 2004

곰보버섯(Morchella esculenta)은 맛과 영양이 풍부한 버섯으로 전 세계적으로 분포하는 버섯이다. 현재까지 우리나라에서 곰보버섯에 관한 체계적인 연구가 이루어지지 않은 상태에서 본 연구는 곰보버섯(자실체) 인공대량 생산방법 개발 및 심부배양을 통한 균사체 및 다당체 대량생산 공정개발을 위한 기초자료를 얻고자 shaking flask culture를 이용한 곰보버섯 균사체 배양특성에 관하여 조사하였다. 곰보버섯 균사체의 최적 배양온도는 $25^{\circ}C$이며, 최적 초기 pH는 6.5, 최적배지는 BG 이었다. BG 배지를 기본배지로 하여 영양 요구성 실험을 한 결과 최적탄소원은 fructose이고 최적농도는 5.0% (w/v)이며 질소원 선발 및 최적농도에서는 peptone과 NH$_4$Cl를 혼합하여 사용하였을 때 최대 균사체생육을 보였고, 상기의 두 질소원을 1:1의 무게비로 혼합하여 4.0% (w/v) 농도로 첨가하였을 때 최대 균사생육을 보였다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 1975

각거 시요로부터 분이된 215주의 Rhizopus 속중 lipase생성자이 강한 1 주를 선정하여 균학적 성질 및 lipase생성 조건을 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. (1) 우수균주 strain K52는 균학적 제성질을 살펴본 결과 Rhizopus delemar에 유사하였다. (2) 배양기간은 밀기울 고예배양의 경우 48시간, 액면배양의 경우는 96시간, 진악배양의 경우는 72시간 경과후 최고의 역가를 나타 내었다. (3) 진종배양시보다 액면배양시에 lipase의 생성이 더욱 양호하였다. (4) 밀기울 고예배양시에도 효소의 생성이 양호하였으며 배양 48시간후 3.800(u/g)의 활성을 나타내었다. (5) 배양최적온도는 액체배양시나 국체배양시 모두 3$0^{\circ}C$가 가장 양호하였다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.845-848
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• 1994

The fermenting conditions for acetic acid production with Acetobacter sp. FM-10 which could grow in the medium containing 10% ehtanol were investigated. Initial concentration of acetic acid in broth medium affected greatly to the fermentation speed. For example , the acetic acid production increased proportionally by the increasing of initial concentration was higher that 1.0%. When the cultivation was started with broth medium containing 5% ethanol, the additional adding ethanol during the fermentation was not significantly increased the acidity of the medium. The acidity of the medium containing 10% ethanol was reached to 8.3% after shaking than static cultivation by about 10 days with 150 rpm shaking speed. Acetic acid production with shaking cultivation was faster the static cultivation by abot 10 days under the same condition except shaking. In acetic acid fermentation with the batch style fermentor , the optimum fermentation condition was 700 rpm of agitation speed and 5L/min air flow rate in 3L culture medium .

• KSBB Journal
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.123-128
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• 2006

황기의 형질전환된 모상근으로부터 약리물질인 astragalosides I, II, 그리고 III을 효율적으로 생산하기 위하여 다양한 물리화학적 조건들 즉, 배지, 초기 당농도, 교반속도, 초기 접종농도, 광조사, 그리고 chitosan 처리에 한 elicitation 효과를 조사 하였다. 선발된 AG-04 clone의 성장과 astragalosides의 함량은 4종의 배지들 중 SH배지에서 가장 좋았으며, 배지에 첨가하는 초기 당 농도는 3%와 6%에서 각기 건물중과 astragalosides의 함량이 가장 높게 나타났다. 또한, 초기 접종량은 50 ml 배지에 500 mg(FRW)씩을 주입하는게 가장 효과적이었으며, 18시간 광조사가 되는 Shaking incubator에서 90 rpm과 120으로 교반시켰을 때 모상근의 성장과 astargalosides의 함량이 높게 나타났다. 배양 2주 후 chitosan의 처리는 모상근의 성장에는 크게 영향을 미치지 않았으나, 100 mg/L 처리구에서 대조구의 약 2.1배의 astragalosides 함량 증가를 가져왔다. 이와같은 연구결과는 황기의 대량배양을 통한 saponins 생산 연구에 효율적으로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 본다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.472-478
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• 1995

Mycelial growth, color difference and productivity of red pigment of beni-koji by Monascus anka KCCM 11832 were examined with respect to it's pigment in submerged culture with various medium and culture conditions. Shaking incubation was more promoted mycelial growth and the production of pigments than that for non-shaking incubation, and red color became ten times deeper. The production of red pigment was the highest when incubated at 25$\circ$C for 7 days in pH 6.0, but mycelial growth was showed the highest at 32.5$\circ$C. The levels of carbon and nitrogen source for maximum red pigment production were 2% rice powder and 0.05% peptone, respectively and the level of peptone for maximum pigment production was lower than that for maximum mycelial growth. Among pigmentation promoting agents tested, MgSO$_{4}$, was found to be suitable for the production of red pigment, and the optimum level was 0.1%.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.33-36
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• 2001

This study was carried out to improve the liquid culture methods of Paecilomyces japonica. The results show that the size of granular mycelium is smaller when the shaking speed is increased. Especially, the granular mycelium is the smallest at the shaking speed of 150rpm under the photoperiod of 12L-12D. Dry weight of mycelium was averagely 1.216 g in the Sikworm larva (SL) medium, and the weight was 2 times heavier than in the Potato dextrose (PD) medium. By adding 6 g of 6 mmbeads in the SL medium, the dry weight is increased to 1.332 g. The optimal addition of silkworm larval powder to the culture medium for gest harvest was 1.360$\pm$0.67 g in dry weight.

• 생약학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.171-174
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• 1985

Panax ginseng root has been widely used as an important drug for thousands years in China, Korea and Japan. The main effective components of ginseng have been believed to be saponins. However, ginseng cultivation is very difficult and needs many years for growth. It has already been shown that Panax ginseng callus produces a considerable amount of the same kinds of saponins as in intact plants. Various culture conditions were examined for increased production of ginseng saponins by cell culture. The saponin contents and the growth rates in two cell lines of ginseng callus were compared in static and suspension cultures, rotary and reciprocal shaking cultures. It was shown that the growth rate in rotary shaking cultures of D5-B2K-B2K callus was the highest and ginseng saponin production was most effective in reciprocal cultures of D5-B2K-B2K callus. The saponin content per fresh weight of the culture was 1.03 times higher than that of the fresh ginseng root.