• 상하수도학회지
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.295-302
• /
• 2006

Over the past decades, a flocculation and/or sedimentation process have been adopted to remove pollutants from CSOs. It has been learned that major factors affecting settlement of pollutants are the particle size distribution, their settling velocities and their specific gravity. It is, therefore, a good idea to analyze the particle size distribution and settleability of CSOs pollutants in order to develop details in designing a process. Discussed in this study are pollutant characteristics of CSOs such as particle size distribution and settleability of pollutants. The power law function is applied and is found to be an effective and reliable index for expressing the particle size distribution of pollutants in CSOs. Based on the regression analysis it is observed that the derived constants of curves representing settling velocity profile are proportional to the initial concentration of particles and to the ${\beta}$-values of power law distributions.

• 한국해안·해양공학회논문집
• /
• 제26권5호
• /
• pp.327-334
• /
• 2014

본 연구에서는 침/퇴적특성 예측/평가를 위한 기초자료 확보를 목적으로 대표적인 준 폐수로인 경인 아라뱃길 주운수로와 연결된 3개 수역(인천해역, 굴포천, 한강수역)에서의 점착성 퇴적물 각각에 대한 침강속도가 실내실험을 통하여 정량적으로 산정되었다. 침강속도 측정결과, 전체적인 농도구간(0.1 < C < 90 g/L)에 걸쳐 굴포천(0.01 < $W_s$ <3.07 mm/s)과 한강수역(0.01 < $W_s$ < 2.97 mm/s) 하상의 점착성 퇴적물은 대체적으로 거의 유사한 크기의 침강속도 분포를 갖는 것으로 나타났으나, 인천해역 표층 점착성 퇴적물은 이들과는 크게 다른 침강속도(0.01 < $W_s$ < 0.92 mm/s) 분포를 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 각 수역별 퇴적물의 물리화학적 특성 및 해수(혹은 담수)의 특성들의 비교/분석 결과에 따르면, 이러한 인천해역 점착성 퇴적물의 침강속도 분포의 상이함은 주로 유체의 염도 차에 의해 비롯된 것으로 추정되었다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
• /
• 제17권6호
• /
• pp.102-111
• /
• 2012

Fine suspended solids generated effluence from treatment process of mine drainage could destroy environment as the aesthetic landscapes, and depreciate water quality. Therefore, the purpose of this research is focused on process development applied the actual field for controlling fine suspended solids and heavy metals, and so lab-scale test was performed for inducement of basic data. The mine drainage used in this research was sampled in H mine located Jeongseon-gun, Gangwon-do. Concentration of suspended solid, arsenic, iron and manganese was exceeded the standard of contaminant limitation for the clean water, and particle size of suspended solid was less than 10 m as fine particle. Although hydraulic retention time of mine drainage for effective settling was required more than 6 hours, hydraulic retention time would be increased in winter season when the settling efficiency could be reduced because of viscosity decreasing. Moreover, installed inclination plate helped to increase settling efficiency of suspended solid about 48 %. Filtering media that was the most effective removal of suspended solids and heavy metal was decided granular activated carbon of 1~2 mm was the optimal size.

• 상하수도학회지
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.427-436
• /
• 2004

Sedimentation is one of the most common and important units in conventional water treatment plants. Structure such as various baffle walls and inclined plate settler may be obstacles to the horizontal flow when it is poorly designed. Therefore, the effects of these structures on characteristics of hydraulic flow must be evaluated to improve the settling efficiency of the floc. The hydraulic characteristic of the four sedimentations at the three real WTPs (water treatment plants), which have different structural properties respectively inside the settling basin, were investigated by tracer (fluoride) test. The inclined plate settler installed inside settling basin caused a undesirable impact on horizontal flow and produced dead zone. Intermediate baffle and solid baffle wall under the inclined plate settler at GE plant help to minimize the formation of density currents and flow short circuiting. However, installing perforated baffle under the inclined plate settler at other plants could not induce even distribution of flow. NaF used as a tracer was recovered more than 90% at investigated all basin. Morill index ($t_{90}/t_{10}$), Modal index ($t_p/T-HRT$) and short-circuiting index ($[M-HRT-t_p/M-HRT$) were determined from tracer test results performed at three WTPs. Those indices ranged 2.99~3.45, 0.44~0.72 and 0.23~0.47, respectively.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국추진공학회 2010년도 제35회 추계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.717-722
• /
• 2010

초음속 풍동은 실험하고자 하는 모델 주위에 인공적으로 초음속 유동장을 형성하여 모델에 작용하는 현상을 관찰 및 측정하는 실험 장비이다. 이러한 풍동 실험 장비는 비행체 설계에 있어 시제기를 제작하지 않고도 비행체 외형에 대한 공기역학적 특성을 파악하는데 유용하다. 본 연구에서는 러시아에서 제작된 초음속/극초음속 풍동(MAF : The Model Aerodynamic Facility)을 시험 시간 증가 및 활용성 증가를 목적으로 개조하였다. 안전성 확보 및 원격 작동을 위해 공압 밸브를 설치, 실험 시간의 증가를 위해 새 저장 탱크를 설치했다. 설치한 밸브와 탱크를 이용할 수 있도록 배관 시스템을 개조하였다. 또한 광학적 시험을 위하여 시험부의 광학창을 확장하였다. 개조 후 마하수 2,3,4에 대하여 성능 시험을 수행하였다. 유동가시화 기법중 하나인 Shadow graph 기법을 이용하여 초음속 유동장의 형성을 확인하였으며, 마하수 2,3,4에 대하여 Settling Chamber, Working section의 압력측정을 통해 성능 시험을 수행하였다. 결과로부터 해당 초음속 풍동에 사용가능한 모델 크기 및 시험 시간을 도출하였다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제35권5호
• /
• pp.411-416
• /
• 2009

This study was initiated to improve the cooling water quality by chemical coagulation and sedimentation in steel mills. Due to the inefficient flocculation in the settling tanks of blast furnace cooling water systems, the solid particles in the cooling water overflow accumulate and clog the cooling system. To protect the cooling water system from such fouling, proper flocculants must be continuously used. Laboratory tests were performed for the indirect cooling water system of a plate mill. The batch test in the gas scrubbing cooling water system of a blast furnace showed that the proposed coagulant was more effective for the improvement of coagulation and sedimentation than the existing one. During the tests, cationic flocculants were more effective than use of only an anionic flocculant. The suggested combination of anionic and cationic flocculants can probably improve the turbidity removal efficiency of the cooling water. Proper control of the overflow rate by the designed residence time would help turbidity removal efficiency in the settling tank. In addition, the settling can be enhanced by adopting rapid and slow mixing alternatively. Scale problems in blast furnace cooling water system were reduced to some extent by efficient settling.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.155-165
• /
• 2003

본 연구는 고함수비의 액상준설토의 체적변화 및 퇴적특성을 파악하기 위해 일련의 실린더침강시험, 침투압밀시험과 2차원퇴적모형실험이 실시되었다. 그리고 실험결과는 실제 준설매립현장의 퇴적상태와 비교됨으로써 설계시에 필요한 침강에 의한 체적변화량을 구할 수 있도록 하였으며, 퇴적후의 세립토의 분포와 함수비 변화 등이 함에 조사되었다. 따라서 1차원 침강시는 실질토량이 증가 할 수록 퇴적고는 선형적으로 증가하며, 자중압밀개시시 및 완료시의 계면고도 또한 실질토량에 비례하여 증가되고 있다. 한편 2차원 퇴적모형실험에 의해 함수비의 분포와 세립토의 퇴적상태를 제시하였으며, 퇴적층의 함수비는 #200체의 통과량에 따라 다르며 최소 30%에서 최대 180%까지 폭넓게 분포되고 있다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.29-38
• /
• 1997

Low toxic concentrated oil dispersant using n-Paraffin and Di(ethylene glycol)mono butylether mixed solvent was prepared, and tested by oil dispersant performance test method, and oil dispersant efficiency was measured using vertical shaking method to 3 kinds of Crude oil, Bunker oil and W/O emulsions with different physical properties by appling the prepared dispersant. Although toxicity test was performed with Flat fish and Rock fish by appling the mixed oils emulsified using prepared oil dispersant, couldn't find the toxicity to them. Concentrated oil dispersant prepared has a good dispersion efficiency of 97.2% after 0.5min settling time and 28.3% after 10min settling time to Bunker B oil with 10% water solution. Especially, the concentrated oil dispersant showing the low toxicity to Oryzias Latipes(24hr, TLm) was 54,000 ppm and to Brine Shrimp Artemia(24hr, TLm) was 51,000ppm, and also, it was completely biodegradated to 99.1% after $7{\sim}8$days.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국추진공학회 2011년도 제37회 추계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.359-363
• /
• 2011

초음속풍동에서 사용하는 압력 probe의 형상에 따른 압력특성에 대하여 분석하였다. 초음속풍동의 성능을 평가할 때 시험부의 벽면정압력과 전방안정실의 전압력을 측정하고 그 비로 마하수를 계산한다. 또한 쉴리렌 가시화를 통하여 유질의 상태를 확인한다. 그러나 매우 빠른 초음속 영역에서는 경계층의 영향을 무시할 수 없기 때문에 시험부의 압력을 측정하는데 한계가 있다. 따라서 시험부의 유질이 균일한지 확인을 위해 다양한 위치에서 압력을 측정하기 위한 probe가 필요하다. 본 논문에서 몇 가지 피토형상에 대해서 실험을 진행했고, 그 결과를 비교 분석했다.

• 한국항공운항학회지
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.24-29
• /
• 2011

Conceptual study of an open-circuit type low-speed wind tunnel for performance test of wind turbine blade and airfoil is conducted. The tunnel is constituted of a settling chamber, a contraction, closed test section, a diffuser, two corners, a cross leg and a fan and motor. For the performance test, the closed test section width of 1.8 m, height of 1.8 m and length of 5.25 m is selected. The contraction ratio is 9 to 1 and maximum speed in the test section is 67 m/sec. Input power in the tunnel is about 238 kW and its energy ratio is 3.6. The wind tunnel designed in present study will be an effective tool in research and development of wind turbine and airfoil.