• 한국지반공학회지:지반
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.5-20
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• 1996

연약지반 처리방법으로 압밀을 촉진시키고, 이로 인한 전단강도를 증진시키기 위하여 선행압밀하중공법과 병행된 배수공법이 널리 사용되어 오고 있다. 본 연구에서는 배수재가 설치된 연약지반의 압밀과정동안에 유발되는 간극비의 감소로 인한 압축성과 투수계수의 변화를 고려할 수 있는 축대칭 비선형 압밀이론을 제안하였다. 제안된 축대칭 비선형 압밀이론을 명백한(explicit) 유한차분법을 적용하여 해석용 프로그램(AXICON)을 개발하였으며 현장지반의 교란효과나 층으로 이루어진 지반을 해석할 수 있도록 보완하였다. 또한 현장지반의 단계적 시공절차를 고려하여 하중을 적용할 수 있도록 하였다. AXICON 해석결과를 기존의 Hansbo와 Barren의 해석적인 해와 비교 검토하였으며 현장지반에서 계측된 침하량과 과잉 간극수압의 자료와 비교하였다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.241-257
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• 2009

The one-dimensional compressibility of sand is an important property for the estimation of settlement or deformation of sand deposits. The $K_0$ value of sand is also an important design parameter. Experimental results are presented in this paper to study the compressibility of sand in $K_0$ consolidation tests. The $K_0$ consolidation tests were carried out using a triaxial cell and a plane-strain apparatus. Specimens prepared using both the moist tamping and the water sedimentation methods were tested. The testing data demonstrate that the type of testing apparatus does not affect the $K_0$ measurement if proper boundary conditions are imposed in the tests. The data also show that the compressibility and the $K_0$ value of loose sand specimens prepared using the moist tamping method are very sensitive to the variation of void ratio. The $K_0$ values measured from these tests do not agree with the $K_0$ values calculated from Jaky's equation. The compressibility and $K_0$ values of sand obtained from tests on specimens prepared using different preparation methods are different which may reflect the influence of soil fabrics or structures on the one dimensional compression behavior of sand.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.149-154
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• 2011

해상에서 인명과 재산을 보호하기 위해서는 해양사고를 예방하고 긴급상황 시에 신속하게 대처하는 능력이 중요시된다. 해양사고의 80%가 선박의 운항과 관리에 관련된 인적요인으로 발생한다. 그것은 대부분의 해양사고가 한 개인의 순간적인 실수에서 유발되는 것이 아니라 그 배경에는 인적과실을 유발하는 잠재적인 요인들이l 복합적으로 작용한다는 것을 나타낸다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 선박에서 선상의 리더십이 선박에 미치는 영향과 선박의 의사결정 과정을 알아보고 특히, 선박의 긴급상황 시에 발생할 수 있는 행동특성의 이해를 통하여 특정선박에서 인적과실을 줄이기 위한 해결방안 및 대응전략을 제시하였다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.189-205
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• 2016

Soils are subjected to additional stresses due to the loads transferred by the foundations of the buildings. The distribution of stress in soil has great importance in geotechnical engineering projects such as stress, settlement and liquefaction analyses. The purpose of this study is to examine the shear stresses on horizontal plane below the rectangular foundations subjected to biaxial bending on an elastic soil. In this study, closed-form analytical solutions for shear stresses in x and y directions were obtained from Boussinesq's stress equations. The expressions of analytical solutions were simplified by defining the shear stress influence values ($I_1$, $I_2$, $I_3$), and solution charts were presented for obtaining these values. For some special loading conditions, the expressions for shear stresses in the soil below the corners of a rectangular foundation were also given. In addition, a computer program was developed to calculate the shear stress increment at any point below the rectangular foundations. A numerical example for illustrating the use of the presented solution charts was given and, finally, shear stress isobars were obtained for the same example by a developed computer program. The shear stress expressions obtained in this work can be used to determine monotonic and cyclic behavior of soils below rectangular foundations subjected to biaxial bending.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제27권A호
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• pp.111-120
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• 2007

This paper is results of experimental research on the effect of application of similarity related to permeability of soil on the consolidation behavior as centrifuge modeling of consolidation is performed with the centrifuge model facility. In this research, the permeability of soil was controlled by changing the viscosity of porewater as the mixed water with glycerin was used during the centrifuge model experiments. The effect of drainage path on consolidation was investigated by installing the vertical drains. A serise of centrifuge model tests with conditions of single vertical and radial horizontal drainage were carried out. Kaolinite and Jumunjin standard sand were used as soft clay and surcharges respectively during tests. For testing condition of single vertical drainage considering similarity of permeability, it was found that consolidation with mixed porewater with glycerin was delayed in comparisons sons with test results with water only. For conditions of horizontal drainage with vertical drains, a low permeability by changing the viscosity of pore water resulted in delayed degree of consolidation at an initial stage of consolidation. But, it predicted not much differences in settlement as long as the consolidation time was sufficiently long enough to finish consolidation. Consequently, it was found that similarity in permeability should be considered to be critical for the case of centrifuge model experiments related to consolidation with long drainage path.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제18권
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• pp.405-415
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• 1998

This thesis is an experimental and numerical research on bearing capacity acting retaining walls close to rigid slopes with stiff angles. Experiments were performed with changing the roughness of adjacent slope to the wall, its inclination, distance between wall and slope. Vertical stress and applied surcharge loads were measured by miniature earth cells and a load cel respectively. Stress distribution Vertical Settlement of surcharge load of rigid model footing were measured by LVDTs. Bearing capacities of surcharge loads were compared with theoretical estimations by using several different methods of limit equilibrium and numerical analysis. For limit equilibrium methods, the modified silo and the wedge theories, proposed by Chung sung gyo and Chung in gyo (1994) were used to analyze test results Based on those modified theories, the particular solution with the boundary condition of surcharge loads on the surface of backfill was obtained to find the stress distributions acting in the backfill and to compare with test results. From results of surcharge test with model wall being very close to the slope, analyzed results by the modified silo theory and to be in the better agreements than other methods.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.45-51
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• 2003

복합기초의 한 형식인 소일시멘트 말뚝의 거동 특성을 컴퓨터 해석을 통하여 연구하였다. 연직하중을 받는 소일시멘트말뚝의 거동 특성을 ABAQUS라는 상용 프로그램을 사용하여 조사하였으며 해석조건은 지반물성치, 말뚝의 길이, 치환율, 강성비, 하중 조건 등을 달리하여 실시하였다. 해석 결과는 하중의 전이 및 침하특성 뿐만 아니라 효과적인 말뚝길이와 말뚝 및 지반의 하중 분배에 관하여서도 유용하게 쓰일 수 있음이 판명되었다. 또한 복합기초를 설계할 때 강성비, 치환율이 설계에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 인자로 나타났다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.133-142
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• 1982

The Consumer Education is one of the rapidly raised problems in the process of recent Economic Growth. As the Society and its economy changes into Oligopoly, the nature and the scope of the Consumer Education also changes. However, We don't have an institutional, systematic education of consumers. Even the basic concepts of Consumer Education has not yet been established, because it is in an infant state. Thus, the aim of this paper is to establish the fundermental concepts of Consumer Education and to help settlement of the direction of Consumer Education. The conclusions are as following: First, Consumers as the objects of Consumer Education are limited to the Ultimate-Consumer; and they can divided into three groups-Individual Consumer, Consumer-Group, the Consuming Masses. Now were have to deal with not only the concept of Ultimate Consumer which limited to the Consumer, but deal with the realistic problems involving Citizens and Livers. Second, Consumer Education is systematic educational activity in order that Consumers can assume an subjective behavior for the purpose of improvement and support of their own rights in society. Third, Consumer Education which enforced Consumers' Cooperative Society and Goods Test is the movements of systematic resistance of consumers. The former aims at Economic Equilibrium, while the latter Informative Equilibrium. so, the two movements should channel the direction of Consumer Education in order to realize the Equilibrium.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.147-170
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• 2014

In the recent times, dimensions of heavy load carrying vehicle have changed significantly incorporating structural flexibility in vehicle body. The present paper outlines a procedure for the estimation of bridge response statistics considering structural bending modes of the vehicle. Bridge deck roughness has been considered to be non homogeneous random process in space. Influence of pre cambering of bridge surface and settlement of approach slab on the dynamic behavior of the bridge has been studied. A parametric study considering vehicle axle spacing, mass, speed, vehicle flexibility, deck unevenness and eccentricity of vehicle path have been conducted. Dynamic amplification factor (DAF) of the bridge response has been obtained for several of combination of bridge-vehicle parameters. The present study reveals that flexible modes of vehicle can reduce dynamic response of the bridge to the extent of 30-37% of that caused by rigid vehicle model. However, sudden change in the bridge surface profile leads to significant amount of increment in the bridge dynamic response even if flexible bending modes remain active. The eccentricity of vehicle path and flexural/torsional rigidity ratios plays a significant role in dynamic amplification of bridge response.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.251-256
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• 2012

고속철도 자갈궤도에서 궤도틀림을 체계적이고 효율적으로 관리하기 위해서는 뜬 침목구간에서 차량이 궤도에 미치는 동하중의 특성을 파악할 필요가 있으며 이를 위해서는 뜬 침목을 고려한 차량과 궤도의 동적 상호작용해석기법의 개발이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 초기 레일의 처짐이 없는 경우 궤광자중에 의하여 발생한 레일처짐(궤도틀림)과 처진 침목과 자갈도상간의 침목 들뜸량을 계산할 수 있는 해석기법을 개발하였고, 궤도틀림과 침목 들뜸량을 동시에 고려할 수 있는 차량과 궤도의 해석기법을 개발하였다. 본 해석기법의 타당성은 타문헌에서 제시한 해석결과와 비교를 통하여 검증하였다.