• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.130-135
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• 2015

Objectives : This study is to investigate stimulation effects of acupoints at differential meridian along arm and leg on the physiological phenomenon of heartbeats. Methods : 8 subjects were participated in this study. The experiments were performed in Resting session(Rs), Insertion session(Is), Stimulation session1(Ss1), Stimulation session2(Ss2), Stimulation session3(Ss3) sequence. Time of each session and the interval between each session was 30 seconds all. Acupuncture was performed manually on PC3 or LR8 at random with a two-day interval. stand deviation of N-N interval(SDNN) was measured for each session. Results : At PC3, SDNN increased in Ss1, Ss2, and Ss3 compared to Rs but at LR8, there was little change between Ss1, Ss2, Ss3 and Rs. Post-hoc analysis revealed that mean value of SDNN significantly increased in Ss1 compared with Baseline at PC3, while there was little change at LR8. When LR8 and PC3 were compared at each time point, there was a significant difference only in Ss1. Conclusions : Our results indicate that there is a correlation between specific physiological functions and acupoints.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.275-281
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• 2024

Purpose: Various forms of distraction can have different effects on food intake. Distraction can draw attention away from the food being consumed and inhibit monitoring of food intake This study examined the effects of different levels of distraction on eating behaviors. Methods: The study was conducted using a repeated-measures design. The participants (10 males, 13 females) were served test meals (curry rice, 800 g) with the same volume at lunch for 4 weeks. The eating behaviors were analyzed during 4 distraction sessions: first session (without distraction), second session (audio distraction, radio), third session (audiovisual distraction, television), and fourth session (audiovisual distraction and hand-use, smartphone). The satiety ratings were measured using a 100 mm visual analog scale. Results: The participants consumed more food during the fourth session than during other sessions. In addition, the mealtime duration in the fourth session was longer than that in the other sessions (audiovisual distraction and hand-use, 13.74 minutes vs. without distraction, 10.36 minutes; audio distraction, 8.31 minutes; and audiovisual distraction, 9.61 minutes; p < 0.05). As the satiety ratings obtained before and after consumption of the test meals in each distraction session, participants felt significantly more satiated 30 minutes after consuming the test meal in the first session than they did in the other distraction sessions (without distraction, 84.23 mm vs. audio distraction, 76.07 mm; audiovisual distraction, 68.93 mm; and audiovisual distraction and hand-use, 74.70 mm; p < 0.05). Conclusion: Different levels of distraction can have different effects on eating behaviors and when distractions become diverse and selectable, food intake may be affected by distraction.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.33 no.4B
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• pp.199-206
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• 2008

In this paper, we propose a novel Route_Reconf message as the RSVP message to maintain an RSVP session for hard handoff and consider path-comparing route (PCR) a PCR algorithm to find an intermediate node in the charge of downlink re-establishment. And, we consider information form each mode for the PCR algorithm, which also reduces the frequency and amount of exchanged RSVP message to minimize packet loss and delay between an intermediate node and a receiver. According to the proposed algorithm, a new support node (NSN) and an existing support node (ESN) along the RSVP path can be found; the former is a supporting RSVP session node newly searched and the latter is the last supporting node holding the previous session after handoff. On receiving the Route_Reconf message at the ESN, a new allocated route from a NSN to the MN waiting for the handoff via a new AR is configured by the ESN.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.33 no.5B
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• pp.296-303
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• 2008

In this paper, we propose a novel Route_Reconf message as the RSVP message to maintain an RSVP session for hard handoff and consider a path-comparing route(PCR) algorithm to find an intermediate node in the charge of down-link re-establishment. And, we consider information form each mode for the PCR algorithm, which also reduces the frequency and amount of exchanged RSVP message to minimize packet loss and delay between an intermediate node and a receiver. According to the proposed algorithm, a new support node(NSN) and an existing support node(ESN) along the RSVP path can be found; the former is a supporting RSVP session node newly searched and the latter is the last supporting node holding the previous session after handoff. On receiving the Route_Reconf message at the ESN, a new allocated route from a NSN to the MN waiting for the handoff via a new access router is configured by the ESN.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.17-20
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• 2008

This paper describes an access control which is running on SIP(Session Initiation Protocol) environment for computer supported cooperated works. Session management include function of session creation, session end, late comer process, and access control. But, conventional framework for access control SIP environment for computer supported cooperated works environment has not yet fully progressed. Therefore, this paper suggests an access control based on SIP environment for computer supported cooperated works environment to maintain good session condition.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.17-38
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• 1999

The effects of Sahyangsohapwon on the affective reactivity of rats were studied with open-field behavior. Sample group was treated with the medicine for 8 weeks, whereas control group was treated with the vehicle. The effects of Sahyangsohapwon on the enhancement of learning and memory of AD model rats were studied with two-way avoidance task. Sample group electrically lesioned on nbM(nucleus basalis of Meynert) was treated with the medicine for 8 weeks, whereas control group with nbM lesion and sham group with the sham operation were treated with the vehicle. 1. In the open-field behavior task, the start latency from start box was measured $27.08{\pm}7.51sec$ in control group, $23.15{\pm}5.98sec$ in sample group. Rats in sample group showed a tendency of shortened latency going out to a strange place compared with those in control group, but with no statistical significance(p>0.05). 2. In the open-field behavior task, the number of locomotion crossing the grid lines was measured $84.54{\pm}3.55$ in control group, $116.93{\pm}6.41$ in sample group. There was an increased locomotion in sample group compared with control group with statistical significance(p<0.01). This can be interpreted as rats in sample group showed lowerd anxiety under a strange environment. 3. In the open-field behavior task, the rearing number was measured $7.46{\pm}0.57$ in control group, $10.13{\pm}0.95$ in sample group. There was an increased rearing in sample group compared with control group with statistical significance(p<0.05). This can also be interpreted as rats in sample group showed lowerd anxiety under a strange environment. 4. In the open-field behavior task, the number of crossing behavior was measured $5.54{\pm}1.50$ in control group, $9.20{\pm}1.67$ in sample group. There was a increasing tendency of crossing behavior in sample group compared with control group, but with no statistical significance(p<0.05). 5. In the open-field behavior task, the total activity was measured $97.54{\pm}4.70$ in control group, $136.27{\pm}792$ in sample group. There was an increased total activity in sample group compared with control group with statistical significance(p<0.01). This can also be interpreted as rats in sample group showed lowerd anxiety under a strange environment. 6. In the analysis of effects on the learning and memory in AD model rats with two-way avoidance task, the response latency was measured $6717{\pm}134msec$ in the 1st session, $5416{\pm}160msec$ in the 2nd session, $5252{\pm}148msec$ in the 3rd session in control group. It was measured $6724{\pm}155msec$ in the 1st session, $4642{\pm}139msec$ in the 2nd session, $4914{\pm}148msec$ in the 3rd session in sample group and $4357{\pm}144msec$ in the 1st session, $3125{\pm}115msec$ in the 2nd session, $3091{\pm}98msec$ in the 3rd session in sham group. There were differences between sham group and nbM lesioned groups with statistical significance in post hoc analysis(p<0.000). And in the 2nd session, there was a reduction of latency in sample group compared with control group with statistical significance (p<0.000). This showed that sample group had better learning capacity than control group. 7. In the analysis of effects on the learning and memory in AD model rats with two-way avoidance task, the number of avoidance response was measured $5.85{\pm}1.41$ in the 1st session, $14.23{\pm}2.89$ in the 2nd session, $15.69{\pm}2.56$ in the 3rd session in control group. It was measured $7.92{\pm}1.94$ in the 1st session, $16.83{\pm}2.29$ in the 2nd session, $15.42{\pm}2.81$ in the 3rd session in sample group and $14.38{\pm}1.62$ in the 1st session, $22.88{\pm}0.89$ in the 2nd session, $23.88{\pm}1.64$ in the 3rd session in sham group. There were differences between sham group and nbM lesioned groups with statistical significance in post hoc analysis(p<0.001). But between control and sample group, there was no significant difference. With the experimental results above, Sahyangsohapwon can be supposed to have the enhancing effects on the affect reactivity and learning with memory of AD model rats induced by electrolyte injury of nbM.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.15-23
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• 2013

In this paper, we propose a session management and control architecture for N-Screen services, which enable users to change devices and transfer contents among user's devices during service by session transfer and split. In N-Screen services, users may have multiple devices with different attribute such as screen resolution, CPU capability and access network interfaces. Also, since users may change devices during service, or one user may use multiple stream, N-Screen services need to enable the user to share and transfer contents across N-Screen devices. We introduce the management and control servers to provide session split over user multiple devices and session continuity while changing device. Furthermore, the proposed architecture provides the device capabilities aware session continuity. In addition, the proposed scheme minimizes the session transfer delay and content server processing load. We present results that show the effectiveness and usefulness of proposed architecture.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.159-165
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of repetitive horticultural activities on the dexterity and out of seat behaviors of 5 years old children. Horticultural activities were conducted from March 3 to April 21, 2017, once a week for 20 minutes per session, a total of 8 sessions. The program was divided into first half (Sessions 1-4) and second half (Sessions 5-8) and horticultural activities were repeatedly carried out. In Sessions 1 and 5, kindergarteners transplanted succulent plants into pots, and observed and managed the plants daily. From Session 2 to 4 and from Session 6 to 8, kindergarteners watered and observed the succulent plants planted in Sessions 1 and 5 and they put flowers on a floral foam (10 × 10 × 10 cm). This study conducted the O'Connor Tweezer Dexterity Test in which the number of pins subjects inserted for 30 seconds was counted, and there was a significant difference (p =.000) in the dexterity of the kindergarteners after performing horticultural activities in the result of the repeated measures design ANOVA. The time kindergarteners left their seat for the first time while participating in horticultural activities for 20 minutes was measured using a stopwatch in each session. There was a significant difference (p =.000) in the ANOVA test in changes in their out of seat behavior in Session 8. In addition, there was no significant difference in the dexterity and out of seat behavior of kindergarteners from Session 2 (p =.364, p =.975, respectively) to Session 3 (p =.055, p =.283), but there was a significant difference from Session 4 (p =.042, p =.009) to Session 8 (p =.000, p =.000) as sessions were repeated.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.319-330
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• 2002

A toe spring and ball girth data, when marathone shoes research, development, and production in Korea, is a important point in athlete shoe research. It is clear from the results presented that any differences between MA3 and MA1, MA4 in 70%, 80% session in forepart last comparision. Especially the more 70%-80% session getting wide, the more 90% session getting up, Also, To development for high performance marathones shoes last, in all session, in korean style, 70%, 80%, and 90% session part function changed and consequently there is a need for normative last data that desribe foot, last shape, dimension. this leads to the conclusion that unique shoe lasts for both marathone shoes developmented last comparison are required for optimal marathone shoe comfort. The more ball girth construction will wide in forepart in last, the more comfort characteristic sill development. But relative with performance ability, it is need to research. The further study of Korea marathoner forefoot measurements(70% session ~ 90% session) among toe spring's angular difference of marathone last to north american and Korea marathone shoes last is required to develop and improve athletes performance in an effective way of study and to prevent forefoot injury.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.157-161
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• 2011

This paper explains an error process for multimedia collaboration works with session management running on vehicle network environment. This system consists of an FDA and FRA. FDA is an agent that detects an error by hooking techniques for multimedia system based on vehicle network environment with session management. FRA is a system that is suitable for recovering software error for multimedia system with session management based on vehicle network environment. This paper describes only FRA. When multiple local sessions is opened, each local session manager sends information of participant to global session manager and take current information about session of processing in network.