• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.41-60
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• 2019

O2O(Online-to-Offline) commerce, a kind of multi-channel, is used in various industries such as accommodation, food and beverage, transportation, and real estate. The O2O commerce, a channel of integrating online and offline, overcomes the limitations of traditional online commerce, where a customer made a purchase decision without direct experience. Despite this advantage of O2O, if the online-offline channel is not effectively linked, customer's complaints would occur due to service failure. This study, with regard to O2O service failure circumstances, intends to investigate the effect of customer's perceived justice on their emotional response, recovery satisfaction, followed by intention to repurchase. Perceived justice in this study is composed of distributive justice, interactional justice, and procedural justice. Furthermore, this study explores the moderation effect of O2O industry types in the relationship between perceived justice and emotion. An O2O industry type is classified into accommodation, food and beverage, and transportation. A hypothesized research model was empirically tested using a structural equation model. The current study collected 433 questionnaires and the target respondents are customers who have experienced service failure in O2O commerce. The empirical results showed that O2O commerce more effectively conducts service recovery strategy and causes positive customer response by integrating online and offline channel. One of the ultimate purposes of O2O service providers is to reduce the likelihood of service failures and to recover more quickly and efficiently by linking two channels rather than using a single channel. This study suggested that the O2O channel is effective in influencing customer satisfaction and loyalty by inducing customer's positive emotions in recovering service failure.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.176-179
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• 2007

Every individual uses, appraises and interacts with products on a daily basis. It is evident from current trends and theories associated with product design, that these products that are a part of our everyday lives, satisfy our needs in two ways, functionally and psychologically. While a product's usability or the service it provides may satisfy our functional needs, it is often the case that when given a choice, we may select one product from the other, even though they are functionally alike. Why do we make these choices, and more importantly, how? When users are satisfied with a product's performance, they seek a stronger emotional involvement with them(Lewalski, 1988). Are emotions responsible for our choices, likes and dislikes of products? What is the nature of this emotional involvement, what are these emotions, and how, if possible, can we design to generate specific emotions? This research proposes to develop into these questions. It is an effort to formulate the underpinnings of "design for emotions" and uncover the possibilities of a design process that places "emotion" as an equally important concern for the design of objects, as functionality or aesthetic appeal. The literature review will include a systematic study of human and product attributes, theoretical and empirical studies of emotion, and the interaction of humans and products is discussed. This project examines what product characteristics lead to an emotional experience, when people interact with them, and suggests a methodology or design guidelines that may allow designers to enhance or specifically modify the emotions experienced by people, while using the products that are a part of their everyday lives.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.195-207
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• 2010

This study aimed to examine factors and the correlations of burnout and job satisfaction in hospital dietitians. Burnout was classified into three sub-concepts: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment. Job satisfaction was also classified into three sub-concepts, including relationships, self-realization, and advancement opportunities. A survey was conducted with dietitians working in general hospitals of over 400 beds, in the Seoul metropolitan area. The factors that significantly influenced emotional exhaustion were health, work hours, number of intern dietitians, self-esteem, level of responsibility, while the factors that influenced depersonalization were relationships with coworkers, and role ambiguity. Personal accomplishment was influenced by age, the number of staff dietitians, the general number of managed workers, and self-esteem. In terms of job satisfaction, relationship was affected by age and relationships with supervisors, while self-realization was influenced by work hours, health, the number of patient meals, and role ambiguity. Age, job regularity, business management, role ambiguity, and relationships with supervisors also affected advancement opportunities. Emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishments, which represented burnout, had negative relationships with satisfaction with relationships, self-realization and advancement opportunities. Dietitians with low job satisfaction were likely to experience burnout. These results suggest that burnout and job satisfaction are influenced by internal and external factors that are individual or organizational problems encountered by hospital dietitians. Therefore, managers as well as dietitians need to understand these factors and overcome them through communication and mutual support.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.131-148
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• 2003

This study investigated family foster care characteristics according to types of foster parents-surrogate, kin, general parents and predicting factors of foster children's adjustability to new environment. Participants were 618 cases of foster parents in 17 areas of the country through stratified sampling. It was found that the surrogate foster parent, tends to be older, received less education, has lower income, and is in poor health, as opposed to kin parents or general foster parents. There were significant effects of foster parent's age, living arrangement, income, education, consideration of foster child, and the periods of foster care experience as well as child's sex, contact of biological parents on emotional, behavioral, and family relational adjustment of the foster children.

• Iberoamérica
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.73-109
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• 2020

In the tourism industry, emotional labor-related problems are highly likely because workers cannot avoid frequent face-to-face contacts with customers. Emotional labor, however, is not always recognized in the same pattern by every worker in similar situations. As can be see in this research, emotional labor appears to vary depending on individual characteristics and sociocultural and economic conditions. In fact, there are so many factors affecting emotional labor, and the level of influence concerning these factors can vary depending on when and where they are. Psychological and mental pains and stress from emotional labor depend on a number of factors. The expression of emotional labor, depending on age, length of employment and gender, shows a clear difference. In particular, for those who are planning to participate in international labor migration to the United States in the future, emotional labor was often not recognized as a serious problem or rather a positive social and cultural experience. In fact, there are various types of tourism workers in Oaxaca, and their experiences vary greatly depending on individual and economic and sociocultural environments. The emotional labor of the workers in the tourism sector of Oaxaca also has various forms depending on various conditions. Positive or negative perceptions and consequences of emotional labor vary depending on the circumstances of the individual and working conditions. In other words, socioeconomic conditions, individual personality or experiences, sociocultural characteristics, and autonomy in the workplace, have a significant impact. As a result, the forms and effects of emotional labor expressed and understood by tourism workers vary considerably and may vary depending on the situations. Considering these problems, the way emotional labor emerges is greatly influenced by sociocultural or personal factors as well as economic factors. In addition, rather than considering the existence and seriousness of emotional labor as given depending on the nature of a particular industry or work, it should also be recognized that the expression of emotional labor differ considerably from individual to individual. Also, the seriousness of problems caused by emotional labor can be diversified. In this sense, it is necessary to clearly understand the meanings of the dynamism, diversity and multidimensionality of emotional labor from a new perspective.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.134-146
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was to collect the datas about the child care arrangement and the needs of day care programs of teaching mothers with preschool children and to develop the more desirable day care programs for them. The objects were 255 teaching mothers with preschool children. The results were as follows: 1) Teaching mothers who didn't use the day care center tended to put their children in the care of the paternal or maternal grandmothers, Major contributions of those baby-sitters were to protect the children and make everyday life training (44.0%) 2) The first reason for the mothers who used the day care center was that they had no other hands for their children(43.7%) and next reason was that the concerns for their children's socialization(35.4%) 3) Teaching mothers did not want the day care service during the vacation except 20% of them. 4) Teaching mothers absolutely wanted the day care service center especially inside their jobsite(61.0%) than any other type of day care programs and also wanted supporting by the government(66.5%) About the choice criterions of the day care center nutrition health and safety were suggested as the most important factor. They also prefered the experience with other peers and the programs focusing on the emotional development of the children.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Rural Health Nursing
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.43-58
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• 2015

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the cause of alcoholism based on a systematic review of previous studies published from 2009 to 2014. Methods: The study design was a systematic review of the literature in which factors constituting causes of alcoholism were analyzed. Search words used to retrieve foreign studies were "alcoholism" or a combination of "alcohol dependency" and "etiology" or "predictor. Research Information Sharing Service (RISS) of the Korea Education and Research Information Service and Dbpia, a database for domestic academic studies, were used as search engines for retrieving domestic papers. Results: The systematic literature review found that for emotional and psychological factors as etiology of alcoholism, abuse-related factors had the largest proportion with a total of 63%. Conclusions: In this study factors related to alcoholism were examined in terms of emotions, psychology, environments, families and others. As a result, it was found that alcohol consumption at an early age and experience of abuse were major causes for alcoholism.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.31-46
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• 2024

Purpose: Employees in the beauty industry, where emotional labor is essential, are exhausted due to stress from excessive working hours and low pay, and ultimately consider changing jobs. This study analyzed the structural relationship of turnover intention according to job stress of beauty industry employees. We tried to present implications by verifying the methods necessary for conflict management in the beauty industry from an empirical point of view. Research design, data and methodology: This study selected 518 workers in the beauty industry as a sample. Frequency analysis, validity and reliability analysis, factor analysis, correlation analysis, and regression analysis were performed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) WIN23.0. Results: The moderating effect of work experience, a moderating variable, was found to be significant in the effect of job stress of beauty industry employees following changes in the employment environment on the dependent variable, turnover intention. Conclusion: This study revealed that changes in the employment environment negatively affect the job stress of beauty workers. To reduce the job stress of employees in the beauty industry, a systematic response at the organizational level will be necessary. In addition, it is expected that it will help establish differentiated strategies such as compensation system, service training, and service management to reduce job stress.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.45-65
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to investigate the trend of the familism and the awareness of parent-supporting, showing how personal background variables affect the familism and how the familism affect the awareness of parent-supporting, The data were collected from May 20, 1998 till June 5, 1998 for 621 college students consisted of 300 male strdents and 321 female students. SOSS-PC was used for data analysis, and the data were tested by ANOVA, t-Test, Pearson's Correlation, Multiple Regression Analysis, and Duncan Test. The major findings are as follows: 1) The college students' familism generally tends to show low scores (M=2.79), indicating the modern familism-individualism. 2) The college students' awareness of parent-supporting is reported to be high(M=4.23); the highest awareness of parent-supporting is financial supporting, the next is service supporting, then emotinal supporting. 3) For personal background variables, male students rather than female students, the students who have parents with more monthly income, and those who have experience in living with grandparents tend to have more traditional familism. 4) Older students, the students with more traditional familism, those who find more satisfaction in family relations, and male students rather than female students tend to show higher awareness of parent-supporting. 5) In causal relations among the personal background variables, the familism, the awareness of parent-supporting, the variables with a significant impact on the familism are gender, parents' monthly income, and experience in living with grandparents, in order of impact. Age, the familism, satisfaction in family relations, and gender, in order of impact, affect the awareness of parent-supporting. Especially, the familism has the highest correlations with the awareness of financial, emotional, and service supporting, and shows considerable causal impact on the awareness of parent-supporting in general. That is to say, the more the familism, the more the awareness of the parent-supporting.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.91-105
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• 2009

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to describe the current status of 119 EMT to violence experiences in Korea. Method : The number of 119 EMT in this study 2522. Self-administering questionnaire data were collected from April 27 to March 8 in 2009. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS 14.0 program. Real number, percentage, mean and standard deviation were calculated. Pearson correlation coefficient was analyzed. Result : 119 EMTs experienced 95.32%-verbal insults, 61.54%-violence aggression, 60.51%- potential violence, 38.70%-physical assault. Within 30 days from the most recent period of violence experienced verbal insults and violence aggression-51.07%, potential violence and physical assault-48.41%. The patients(50.59%) and the patients and patient's carers(38.26%) proved to be violent offender. The main reason of violent act was drug or alcohol addiction(56.15%). Recent exposure to violence was 34.82% by 7 point reward of stress level. 5-point scale showed the average of experiences of violence. Response average of emotional reactions was 2.66 points and that of physical reaction was 2.18 points. Social reaction was 2.06 points. Conclusion : This study was based on the violence experience of 119 EMT. It is necessary to prevent the violence from emergency scene. So we proposed the preventive measure against violence as well as critical incident stress debriefing(CISD). Policy for CISD and stress management will be implemented in the near future in Korea.