• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.55-60
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• 1997

A lysosomal and matrix degrading enzyme $\beta$-glucuronidase activity was measured in BALS/c mice fed high and low Ca in combination with the i.p. adminstration of calcium-regulating hormones including parathyoid hormone(PTH), calcitonin(CT) and cholecalciferol(Vit D). After feeding experimental diets for five weeks, mice were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and the enzyme was fluometrically measured at 440nm. $\beta$-Glucuronidase activity was inhibited by high calcium in the diet. in addition, vitamin D also inhibited the enzyme activity in the serum regardless of the level of dietary calcium. In contrast, PTH has shown to stimulate the enzyme at all the levels of dietary calcium. Calcitonin, and inhibitor of PTH action for bone resorption, revealed to curb PTH effect in this enzyme, whereas CT stimulated the action of vitamin D in the serum. The above results led us to conclude that osteoclastic bone resorption and senile osteoporosis may be reduced by adequate dietary calcium and vitamin D.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.27-33
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• 2014

목적: 암환자에서는 비타민 D 결핍이 흔하지만, 생애 말기암환자에서 비타민 D 결핍 현황에 대한 자료는 드물다. 저자는 말기암환자를 대상으로 비타민 D 결핍 현황 및 그와 관련된 인자를 파악하고자 하였다. 방법: 일개 호스피스 병동에 입원하였던 말기암환자 133명을 대상으로 후향적 의무기록 관찰을 토대로 진행되었다. 환자의 나이, 성별, 혈중 비타민 D 수치, 암 종류, 신체기능, 약물, 그리고 혈액검사에 대한 자료를 수집하였다. 잠재적인 혼란변수를 보정한 후, 다변량 분석을 통해 혈청 비타민 D 결핍과 연관된 유의한 변수를 확인하였다. 혈청 비타민 D 수치 20 ng/mL 미만을 결핍, 10 ng/mL 미만을 중증 결핍으로 간주하였다. 결과: 대상자의 95%는 혈청 비타민 D 결핍증 상태였다. 남성, 비폐암 환자, $H_2$ 차단제 사용자, 항경련제 미사용자에서 중증 비타민 D 결핍이 더 흔하였다. 혈중 alanine aminotransferase (ALT) 상승 또한 낮은 비타민 D 수치와 관련이 있었다. 다변량 분석에서 중증 비타민 D 결핍이 있을 가능성은, 남성이 여성에 비해 3.82배(95% CI: 1.50~9.72, P=0.005), $H_2$ 차단제를 사용한 환자가 그렇지 않은 환자에 비해 3.94배(95% CI: 1.61~9.65, P=0.003), ALT상승이 있는 환자는 그렇지 않은 환자에 비해 4.52배(95% CI: 1.35~15.19, P=0.015)였다. 결론: 말기암환자에서 비타민 D 결핍 상태는 매우 흔했다. 남성, $H_2$ 차단제의 사용, 그리고 ALT의 상승이 중증 비타민 D 결핍과 관련이 있었다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.231-242
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• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 제 6기 국민건강영양조사를 이용하여 한국 성인의 흡연, 음주와 비타민 D 수준과의 관계를 알아보고자 한다. 연구 대상자는 제 6기 국민건강영양조사 자료의 만 19세 이상 성인 대상 15,568명 중 만 19세 미만인 자, 비타민 D 측정누락자, 비타민 D 급원식품 섭취빈도 누락자를 제외한 3,565명을 이용하였다. 대상자는 비흡연음주군(비흡연과 비음주), 흡연군, 음주군, 흡연음주군(흡연과 음주)의 4그룹으로 분류하였다. 대상자의 혈중 비타민 D 평균 농도는 $16.5{\pm}0.20ng/mL$, 비타민 D 수준이 불충분이거나 결핍인 경우가 73.5%였다. 다중로지스틱 회귀분석 결과 흡연과 음주에 따른 비타민 D 불충분 위험요인으로는 비흡연음주군에 비해 오즈비가 흡연군 2.281(95% CI 1.080-4.817)배, 흡연음주군 1.356(95% CI 1.010-1.922)배 유의하게 높았다. 본 연구 결과 흡연, 음주와 비타민 D 수준은 한국성인에서 유의한 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 향후 추적 조사를 통한 코호트 연구를 시행할 수 있다면 흡연 및 음주와 비타민 D 수준과의 인과관계를 확인하기 위한 정확한 결과에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.163-173
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• 2007

Aflatoxin은 Aspergillus속 곰팡이로부터 생성되며 사람에게 있어서 간독성 및 간암을 유발하는 잠재력을 가진 곰팡이 독소이며, 지질과산화 반응은 aflatoxin $B_1$에 의한 세포 산화적 손상 시 발생하는 주요 현상 중의 하나이다. 방사선은 수술, 항암약물요법과 더불어 임상 시 중요한 치료방법이나, 정상세포에 방사선을 조사하였을 때 반응성이 높은 활성산소와 과산화라디칼$(OH{\cdot})$을 생성하여 세포막의 불포화지방산을 지질과산화물로 변성시켜 세포 산화적 손상을 일으킨다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 aflatoxin $B_1$과 방사선조사 후 유도된 간과 혈청의 지질성분 및 지방산 조성에 미치는 vitamin C의 영향을 조사하기 위해 수행되었다. X-ray 조사는 실험기간 내 단 1회로 실험사육기간 첫 일에 조사하였고 X-ray 조사 후 vitamin C를 투여하였으며 vitamin C 투여 1시간 후 $AFB_1$을 투여하였다. Vitamin C와 $AFB_1$은 모두 복강투여로 실험 사육 첫 일부터 1회 시작하여 3일에 한번씩, 5회 반복 투였으며 실험동물 사육기간은 총 15일로 하였다. 혈청 총콜레스테롤 농도는 $1\sim5$군에서 유의적인 차이를 볼 수 없었는데 방사선과 $AFB_1$을 함께 처리한 6군에서는 $130.37{\pm}9.14mg/dL$로서 전군에서 가장 높은 수치를 나타낸 반면 6군에 vitamin C를 혼합 투여한 7군에서는 $90.23{\pm}6.15mg/dL$로서 가장 낮았으며 이는 중성지질과 유사한 경향이었다. 또한 간장의 총콜레스테롤과 유리 콜레스테롤도 이와 유사한 경향이었다. HDL 농도는 방사선과 $AFB_1$을 함께 처리한 것에 vitamin C를 혼합 투여한 7군이 $59.57{\pm}9.56mg/dL$로서 p<0.01 수준에서 현저히 증가하였다. 혈청의 인지질과 콜레스테롤 에스테르의 지방산 조성에서 vitamin C를 혼합 투여한 3,5,7군에서 PUFA 함량이 증가한 반면, SFA 함량은 감소하여 P/S 비율, n-3P/n-6P 비율은 증가하는 경향이었으며 이는 간장의 인지질, 콜레스테롤 에스테르, 총 지질의 지방산조성에서도 같은 경향을 볼 수 있었다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.273-280
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• 1984

The blood components of diabetic patients who visited S- hospital in seoul from January 1982 to June 1983 were compared with the reference levels. Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels of diabetic patients were significantly lower than the reference. The diabetic patients showed 2-3 times higher levels of fasting blood glucose and postprandial -2 hours blood sugar. Levels of blood urine nitrogen and creatine were also significantly higher in the diabetes mellitus and the levels of potassium sodium and chlorine showed no differences although these were decreased gradually in older patients. Lower serum calcium levels were seen in the diabetic patients and this change was more significant at the ages higher than 40. The effect of an active vitamin D on serum-Ca level in diabetic patients was studied in comparison to that of non- diabetic persons. The serum calcium levels were slightly increased in control and insulin- dependent diabetic patients after a week- intake of 1,000mg calcium a day, while the intake of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol ( 1,000 IU per day ) did not increase the serum calcium levels of these groups. Insulin - independent diabetic patients showed the rather lower serum calcium levels after a week- intake of 1,000mg calcium per day. However, the levels were increased after 2-weeks intake of the calcium and a week-in-take of the active vitamin D(1,000 IU/day ). This effect of vitamin D was seen in the groups with lower intake of calcium(500mg/day ) but not in the groups with 1,000mg calcium intake a day.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.71-79
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• 2019

Purpose : Several studies suggest that smoking and vitamin D level is a risk factor of metabolic syndrome. The objective of this study is to evaluate the association between smoking status, vitamin D levels and the Korean adult male and female metabolic syndrome. Methods : We assessed 3796 participants aged 19 years and older from the Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey 2013, 2014. Smoking statuses were collected from self-reported questionnaires. Subjects were divided into three categories: non-smokers, former smokers, and current smokers. Vitamin D was tested by Radioimmunoassay method and the value of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, which is an index of vitamin D status in the body, was used. The diagnosis of metabolic syndrome was made using criteria modified NCEP-ATP III. Logistic regression analysis was used to calculate odds ratios between smoking status, vitamin D levels, and metabolic syndrome. Results : The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 23.0 % in men and 15.4 % in women. After adjusting for smoking, the odds ratio for men's metabolic syndrome in current smokers was 1.77 (95 % CI, 1.30~2.41), while for former smokers OR was 1.63 (95 % CI, 1.15~2.31) compared with nonsmokers. After adjustment vitamin D, the odds ratio for women's metabolic syndrome in vitamin D deficiency was 1.44 (95 % CI, 1.11~1.87) compared with normal. Conclusion : Smoking status was associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome in Korean adult males and decreased vitamin D level was associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome in Korean adult females.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.81-89
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• 2021

Purpose: A steady increase in Clostridioides difficile enteritis (CDE) has been reported recently. CDE is associated with intestinal dysbiosis, and vitamin D receptors are known to play an important role in this microbial imbalance as immunological regulators. We investigated the difference in vitamin D levels between children with CDE and those with other acute infectious enteritis. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on children below 18 years of age who visited the Gil hospital, underwent investigation to assess vitamin D levels, and had confirmed gastrointestinal infection between January 2015 and December 2018. Patients were divided into two groups: the "CDE group" (n=18) and the "other infectious enteritis group" (n=88); their clinical characteristics, other laboratory results, and vitamin D levels were analyzed. Results: There was no difference in gender, age, and seasonal distributions between the CDE and other infectious enteritis groups. Other laboratory results were not significantly different between two groups, excluding serum albumin level (4.52±0.45 g/dL vs. 4.31±0.28 g/dL, p=0.011). The mean 25-hydroxy vitamin D level in the CDE group was higher than that in the control group (18.75±8.11 ng/mL vs. 14.50±6.79 ng/mL, p=0.021). Conclusion: Vitamin D levels in the CDE group were lower than normal but higher than the other infectious enteritis group. These results suggested that CDE has a different mechanism or susceptibility associated with vitamin D in children, and even marginal changes in vitamin D levels can act as a risk factor for infection.

• 약학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.512-517
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• 1997

Antihyperlipidemic effect of taurine was investigated in the hyperlipidemic rats induced by feeding a diet supplemented with cholesterol (1.5% in diet), vitamin $D_2$(1.25 million IU/kg of diet) and cholic acid (0.5% in diet). The rats were fed the diet containing 1% and 3% of taurine for 8 weeks. The contents of the cholesterol and triglycerides in the serum and liver of the hyperlipidemic rats were increased as compared with those of the control group. Feeding taurine resulted in decreases in total cholesterol and triglyceride levels. The HDL-cholesterol level in serum was decreased in the hyperlipidemic rats, but by administration of taurine its level was increased. In the aorta of the animals, total cholesterol and triglycerides contents were reduced significantly by treatment with taurine. The contents of calcium in the heart of hyperlipidemic rats were greatly increased as compared with those of the control group. Treatment of taurine produced significant decreases in calcium contents in the heart muscle of the animals. These results showed that the hyperlipidemic states in this model of rats were reversed by treatment of taurine.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.145-155
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• 2006

This study investigated the correlation of the nutritional status of antioxidant vitamins and serum lipids and MDA levels in postmenopausal women. Data about general characteristics, dietary intakes and biochemical parameters, including serum lipids, MDA and antioxidant vitamins levels, were collected from 85 postmenopausal women. The subjects were classified into three groups according to their serum total cholesterol level: normocholesterolemia group (NC, < 200 mg/dL), moderate hypercholesterolemia group (MC, $200{\sim}239mg/dL$) and hypercholesterolemia group(HC, ${\geq}240mg/dL$). The results are as follows. 1) General characteristics and serum MDA levels were not significantly different among the three groups. 2) Daily nutrients intakes adjusted to energy intake were not significantly different among the three groups, and were compatible with dietary reference intakes (DRIs) for Koreans. 3) Dietary Vt. A, ${\beta}-carotene$, Vt. C and Vt. E intake were not significantly different among the groups, while Vt. E intake was positively related with serum TC (r=0.288, p<0.05) and triglyceride (r=0.341, p<0.001) levels. 4) Serum Vt. A level standardized by serum TC level was significantly low and serum Vt. E level was significantly high in the HC group. Serum Vt. E level was positively related with serum TC level (r=0.389, p<0.001). 5) Dietary Vt. E intake was negatively correlated to serum MDA level (r=-0.242 p<0.05). Serum Vt. C and Vt. E levels were also negatively correlated to serum MDA level (r=-0.312, p<0.001 and r=-0.299, p<0.05). When the correlation was analyzed only in the group with hypercholesterolemia, correlation coefficients between the antioxidant vitamin and serum MDA level were higher. We concluded that intakes of antioxidant vitamins can contribute to decreasing the risk of cardiovascular disease by decreasing the oxidative stress of body rather than by controlling serum lipid levels.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.107-112
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• 2004

This study investigated the interactions of bone health with several variables such as outdoor activity hours, nutritional status including habitual intake of calcium andvitamin D status in 72 high school girls aged 16-17 yearsattending day classes or night classes. The subjects consisted of 39 day-class students and 33 night-class students. Dietaty nutrient intakes were estimated using the 24-hour recall method. The daily activities of each subject were assessed using an activity questionnaire. Urinary calcium and creatinine excretion were assayed from subjects' 24-hoururine, while 25-OH-vitamin D[25-(OH)-D] and osteocalcin were measured from the subjects' fasting blood. Intake of energy, iron, vitamin A and vitamin C were worse in the night-class students. There was no significant difference in dietary calcium between the subjects in the different class types. Time spent on outdoor activities was significantly less in subjects attending night classes. Urinary calcium excretion of the night-class subjects was significantly higher than that of the day-class subjects (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in serum 25-(OH)-D level according to class type. Serum osteocalcin for night-class subjects was significantly higher than that for day-class subjects (p<0.01). It appeared that the night-class students had poorer dietary habits as well as fewer outdoor activities. Even though the estimated bone health of both groups of subjects appeared to be normal, the overall nutritional intake and duration of outdoor activities appeared to be important for maintaining bone health and lowering the future risk of osteoporosis.