• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.429-438
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to examine whether conjugated linoleic acid and selenium supplementation in broiler chicken diets would be effective, enhance indices of immune status and body weight, and modulate serum lipid concentration. Forty Hyline brown chickens, 1 weeks of age, were divided into 5 groups of 8 chickens. Chickens were fed the experimental diets supplemented with 1% CLA (conjugated linoleic acid; Group 1), 1% CLA + selenium (Group 2), 1% safflower-seed-oil as LA (Group 3), 1% safflower-seed-oil as LA + selenium (Group 4) or nothing (Control) for 4 weeks. After 4 weeks, serum, liver, spleen and abdominal fat were taken. Measurement of total immunoglobulin were executed using sandwich ELISA. Weight ratio of liver to body showed that the group fed with CLA were significantly higher than the group fed with CLA + selenium. Weight ratios of spleen and fat to body showed no significantly differences. In concentrations of serum total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol, the group fed with CLA showed significantly higher values than that fed with CLA + selenium. In concentrations of serum triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol there were no significantly differences between the treatment groups. In conclusion, supplementation of CLA with selenium protected hepatomegaly and reduced level of serum total cholesterol and HDL-cholestererol in chickens.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.257-265
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• 1989

Normal healthy non vegetarian and lact$\infty$,vo­v vegetarian women were studied after they con­S sumed carrot juices as supplements. Daily sup­p plementation resulted in significant increase in serum levels of $\alpha$-, $\beta$-carotene and total carote­n noid in nonvegetarians and $\alpha$-and $\beta$-carotene in lactoovovegetarians. Reflection in serum and $\beta$-carotene was higher in nonvegetarians m than lactoovovegetarians. However, serum caro­t tene values were not significantly different between group after continous supplementation of reducing amounts of carotenes. Serm retionol levels were not changed throughout the study period and were not significantly different bet­w ween nonvegetarians and lactooovegetarians. The results suggest that serm total carotenoid cannot bean indicator of individual carotene such as $\alpha$-or $\beta$-carotene in serum and serum carotene levels are closely related to dietary carotene intake both in nonvegetartins and lac­t toovovegetanans

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.521-528
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• 2008

This study examined the effects of 2% Lycii fructus powder (LFP) supplementation on lipid metabolism in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were administered 1% cholesterol and 0.25% sodium cholate to induce hypercholesterolemia. Then, 40 rats were divided into four diet groups: a normal diet group (NC), high cholesterol diet group (HC), normal diet plus 2% Lycii fructus powder (NC-LFP) group, and high cholesterol diet plus 2% Lycii fructus powder (HC-LFP) group. The HC group presented higher growth rates and liver weights than NC and NC-LFP however, growth rates and liver weights in the 2% LFP administered groups gradually decreased. HC also showed increased serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, free cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol levels and decreased atherogenic index values, HDL-cholesterol, and phospholipid levels, whereas LFP group showed decreased serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, free cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol levels as compared to HC. There were no differences in serum triglyceride, phospholipid, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and free cholesterol concentrations between the normal diet groups (NC and NC-LFP). The high cholesterol diet groups (HC and HC-LFP) had significant increases in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), asparate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDHase) activities. And the 2% LFP administered groups had lower hepatic concentrations of total cholesterol and triglycerides than the HC groups. Overall, the results suggest that Lycii fructus powder has hypochloesterolemic effects by reducing serum and liver cholesterol contents.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.38 no.2 s.247
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• pp.146-151
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• 2005

Background: Preoperative elevated serum creatinine values are associated with increased risk for both morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing on-pump coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG). We investigated the postoperative changes of renal function and proper management in the patients. Material and Method: Among 74 consecutive patients who underwent isolated on-pump CABG, 17 patients with increased serum creatinine level $(creatinine\;\geqq\;1.5\;mg/dL)$ within preoperative one week wereincluded in the study. Seven patients showed pre­operative serum creatinine level of 2.0 mg/dL or higher, and 3 of them had been undergoing hemodialysis. Preoperative hemodialysis was performed in the 3 patients due to end-stage renal failure (ESRD) the day before the operation. We started peritoneal dialysis immediately after the cardiopulmonary bypass in patients with ESRD or postoperative acute renal failure if it was necessary to remove intravascular volume and lower serum creatinine level. Result In most of the patients with CABG, postoperative serum creatinine level increased and recovered to the preoperative level at the discharge. In 2 of the 4 patients with serum creatinine level of 2.0 mg/dL or higher and 3 patients with ESRD, intravascular volume, serum creatinine level and serum electrolyte were controlled with peritoneal dialysis. Conclusion: Postoperative serum creatinine level increased transiently in most of CABG patients, and intravascular volume and serum creatinine level were controlled by peritoneal dialysis only in the patients with acute renal failure postoperatively and those depending on hemodialysis.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.152-155
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• 2009

Purpose: The most widely accepted tool for follow up management of thyroid cancer patients is serum thyroglobulin (Tg) measurement, but its value is limited by the interference of anti-thyroglobulin antibodies (anti-Tg Ab). Recently thyroglobulin measurement in the wash out of fine-needle aspiration biopsy specimens (Tg-FNAB) is frequently used for differential diagnosis of recurrences/metastases. The aim of this study was the investigation of the diagnostic utility of Tg-FNAB compared with serum Tg. Materials and Methods: We enrolled 41 consecutive patients with thyroid cancer who were evaluated for Tg-FNAB between January 2007 and February 2008 retrospectively. We ruled out 6 patients who anti-Tg Ab positive (${\geq}$100 U/mL) in the RIA (BRAHMS anti-Tgn RIA 100Det; BRAHMS Aktiengesell schaft, Berlin, Germany). Serum Tg and Tg-FNAB were measured by immunoradiometric assay (BRAHMS Tg pluS RIA 100 Det; BRAHMS Aktienge sellschaft, Berlin, Germany). We evaluated for Tg-FNAB compared with serum Tg and corresponding cytological smear. To compare the values of the two the t-test was used. Results: Tg-FNAB values were significantly higher (median 1,060 ng/mL, range 0.2~434,000 ng/mL) than serum Tg (median 2.5 ng/mL, range 0.9~131 ng/mL) (p=0.0394). The rate of correspondence with Tg-FNAB between cytological result was 87.9% and 65.9% in the case of serum Tg. Tg-FNAB was positive in 28 (24 with positive and 4 with suspicious cytology). Of the remaining 13 patients with negative Tg-FNAB, 1 had suspicious and 12 had unsuspicious cytology. serum Tg was positive in 26 (17 with positive and 3 with suspicious and 6 with unsuspicious cytology), Of the remaining 15 patients with negative serum Tg, 8 was positive in cytological result and 1 had suspicious and 6 had unsuspicious cytology. Conclusions: Tg-FNAB measurement is more accurate with high sensitivity (87.9%) than serum Tg (65.9%). The Tg-FNAB was a useful predictor for detecting recurrences/metastases with serum Tg.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.225-229
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• 2003

In Oriental Medicine, hyperlipidemia is considered as the phlegm stagnancy(痰飮) and blood stasis(瘀血). Typhae Pollen helps remove blood stasis and hemorrhage and it also has an effect of relieving pains caused by blood stasis. The purpose of this study is to investigate the curative effects of Typhae Pollen on diet-induced hyperlipidemia in rats. Thirty-two rats were divided into normal, control and treated group. Control and treated group were fed with 1.5% cholesterol diet during 4 weeks, and fed with normal diet during next 4 weeks. Treated group was also administrated with extract of Typhae Pollen during last 4 weeks. Blood samples were collected from each of animals at 4, 6 and 8weeks, and used for the blood chemical analysis. Animals were sacrificed at 8 weeks, and chemical analysis was performed on the collected liver samples. The serum total cholesterol(47.82±2.03㎎/㎗), LDL-cholesterol(11.09±1.27㎎/㎗), HDL-cholesterol (19.64±1.23㎎/㎗), triglyceride(85.09±3.48㎎/㎗) values of treated group were significantly decreased compared with the serum total cholesterol(73.73±5.34㎎/㎗), LDL-cholesterol(22.09±3.09㎎/㎗), HDL-cholesterol(25.18±1.45㎎/㎗l), triglyceride(124.27±6.72㎎/㎗) values of control group at 8weeks. The liver total cholesterol and triglyceride values of treated group show no statistically significant differency compared with those values of control group. On the basis of these results, it is confirmed that Typhae Pollen has the curative effects on the hyperlipidemia in rats induced by hyper-cholesterol diets.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.507-516
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• 2003

This study was performed to clarify the induction possibility of anaphylactoid reactions by the administration with the heartworm extracts, and, if any, to elucidate different virulences in terms of the protein concentrdtions and sexes of Dirofilaria immitis. Twenty three clinically healthy D. immitis-free adult dogs were used in the present study. The experimental animals were divided into 5 groups. Group A (5 heads) was administered with an female heartworm extract containing 0.1 g/dl protein concentration. Group B (4 heads) was administered with an male heartworm extract containing 0.1g/dl protein concentration. Group C (5 heads) was administered with an female heartworm extract containing 0.2 g/dl protein concentration. Group D (4 heads) was administered with an male heartworm extract containing 0.2 g/dl protein concentration. Group E (5 heads) was administered with an female heartworm extract containing 0.4 g/dl protein concentration. The changes of clinical symptoms and vital signs (body temperature, heart rate and respiration rate) were examined before and 5 minutes, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours and 24 hours after injection with the extracts, respectively. In addition, the changes of hematological values (RBC, PCV and total leukocytes counts), serum chemical values (ALP and CK) were determined. It was considered that heartworm extract could induce anaphylactoid reaction and adult female heartworm extract was more affective than those of adult male heartworm extract in the changes of clinical symptoms, vital signs, hematological values and serum chemical values.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.313-325
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• 1996

Experiments were undertaken to examine the ability of selenium to protect against alcohol and/or paraquat-induced hepatotoxicity and to examine the additive effect between alcohol and paraquat. Protective effect against hepatotoxic functions was measured in serum from alcohol(15% v/v), paraquat(200ppm), alcohol and paraquat, and combination of sodium selenite(4ppm) in drinking water-fed guinea pigs ad libitum for 4 weeks. A total of 68 healthy 7-weeks-old male animals were assigned at random to 8 treatment groups(9~13 animals/group). Body and liver weight losses, and high serum concentrations in aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alanine aminotransferase(ALT, in only paraquat group), $\gamma$-glutamyltranspeptidase($\gamma$-GTP), cholesterol(Cho), creatinine, blood urea nitrogen(BUN), total bilirubin(TB), direct bilirubin(DB), total protein(TP), albumin and globulin as well as low values in alkaline phosphatase(ALP) and glucose were produced in a groups of alcohol or paraquat-fed. These values were not potentiated in a group given the combination of alcohol plus paraquat. Morphological changes in the liver were also observed in the alcohol or paraquat-fed group. Lipid droplet and cell swelling in the hepatocytes were observed in alcohol-fed guinea pig, especially Mallory's hyaline arounded hepatic vein. In the paraquat-fed guinea pig, lipid droplet, pyknosis and karyolysis were observed. When alcohol or paraquat was combined with selenium-fed, hyperplasia of Kupffer cell in liver were observed. However, the mean ALT, $\gamma$-GTP, Cho, BUN, TB, TP, albumin and globulin values were lower in groups given the combination of alcohol and/or paraquat plus selenium, compared with groups given alcohol and/or paraquat. Also, the ratio of liver weight to body weight and ALP values(exception of paraquat plus selenium group) were increased by selenium. These results suggest that an adequate selenium confers marked protection against alcohol and paraquat-induced hepatotoxicity.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.28 no.2 s.50
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• pp.421-432
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• 1995

The influence of lead exposure on renal function was studied. Eighty nine lead exposed workers who worked in 2 storage battery factories, and seventy one control workers were chosen for this study. Blood lead(PbB) and zinc protoporphyrin in whole blood(ZPP) were selected as indicators of lead exposure. As indicators of renal function, urinary N-acetyl-$\beta$-D-glucosaminidase(NAG), blood urea nitrogen(BUN), serum creatinine(S-Cr), total protein in urine(U-TP),and serum uric acid(S-Ua) were selected. The results obtained were as follows: 1. While the mean values of lead exposure indicators of lead workers were significantly different from non-exposed ones, the mean values of NAG, U-TP, BUN and S-Cr of renal function indicators of exposed were also significantly different from non-exposed but their mean values were all within normal limits. 2. BUN, logarithmic U-TP, logarithmic NAG and S-Cr showed statistically significant correlation with PbB. 3. The proportion of workers whose values of renal function indicators were over the normal limits(NAG7.5 U/g Cr ; U-TP10.9 mg/dl ; BUN20 mg/dl ; S-Crl.2 mg/dl ; S-Ua7.0 mg/dl) by the level of lead absorption in terms of PbB and ZPP were calculated. The proportion of workers with over the normal limits of U-TP among total workers showed the dose-response relationship. When age is adjusted, U-TP showed significantly strong dose-response relationship with the level of PbB and ZPP.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.59-69
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• 2009

Objectives This study was designed to evaluate the difference of between Kyungohkgo and Kyungohkgo Ga Nokyong effects of growth Methods We divided male Spraque-Dawley rats into 6 groups. They were Normal group, Growth deficiency rat with insufficient nutrition diet group, Growth deficiency rat with 0.1% Kyungohkgo group, Growth deficiency rat with 0.2% Kyungohkgo group, Growth deficiency rat with 0.1% Kyungohkgo Ga Nokyong group and Growth deficiency rat with 0.2% Kyungohkgo Ga Nokyong group. They were administered for 5 weeks. We measured body weight, serum growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor and thyroid stimulating hormone, RBC, concentration of Hb and PCV ratio, total WBC and its composition, the values of plasma glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase(GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase(GPT) activities. Results 1. In body weight, Kyungohkgo 0.1%, Kyungohkgo Ga Nokyong 0.1%, 0.2% groups were showed sighnificantly different than control group. But That groups were not showed significantly different than each others. 2. In serum growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor and thyroid stimulating hormone, we obtained the results of tendency to increase in Kyungohkgo Ga Nokyong group, however these values showed no significantly different. 3. In the counts of RBC, Kyungohkgo group and Kyungohkgo Ga Nokyong group were showed significantly different than control group. But these values showed no significantly different. In the concentration of Hb, Kyungohkgo Ga Nokyong 0.2%group was showed significantly different than control group. Kyungohkgo Ga Nokyong 0.2% group and Kyungohkgo 0.2% group were showed significantly different than control group. 4. The counts of total WBC and its composition showed no significantly different in all treatment groups. 5. The values of plasma glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase(GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase(GPT) activities showed no significantly different in all treatment groups. Conclusions So Kyungohkgo Ga Nokyong and Kyungohkgo have an effect of promoting growth of rats. And We know that the effect of Kyungohkgo Ga Nokyong is better than Kyungohkgo.