• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.25-30
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• 1990

The direct wet mount examination of vaginal. secretion, widely applied for the diagnosis of Trichcmonas vaginalis infection in woman patients, is rapi4 and economical, however, the sensitivity of this technique is not so high. In this study enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed for the detection of serum anti-T. vaginalis IgG and IsM antibodies from 30 vaginal trichomoniasis patients and 30 non-infected healthy persons. The results were as follows: 1. Serum ELISA-IgG value was $0.37{\pm}0.134(Mean{\pm}S.D.)$ in vaginal trichomoniasis patients and $0.21{\pm}0.054$ in healthy controls(P<0.005), and the sensitivity and specificity of ELISA for serum IgG antibody were 70.0% and 96.7%, respectively. 2. Serum ELISA-IgM value was $0.33{\pm}0.177 (Mean{\pm}S.D.)$ in vaginal trichomonlasls patients and $0.11{\pm}0.051$ in healthy controls (p<0.005), and the sensitivity and specificity of ELISA for serum IsM antibody were 70.0% and 96.7%, respectively. 3, The ELISA-IgG values showed a significant correlation with ELISA-IgM values(r=0.77, p<0.005) , With above results, it is assumed that ELISA is a reliable method for the diagnosis of T vaginalis infection and simultaneous measurement of serum IgG and IgM with this technique is recommended.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.397-402
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• 1991

Paragonimus westermani is a common fluke in Korea. The present study aimed to determine serum total IgE and specific IgG levels in experimental paragonimiasis of rats. Each Wistar rat was inoculated orally with 20~25 metacercariae of P. westermani from Cambaroides similis. Before and after infection(1,2,3,4,6,8 weeks) of P. westermani, the blood was collected from the retro- orbital venous plexus of rats and kept serum at $-70^{\circ}C$. Serum total IgE and specific IgG levels were determined by the capture and conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. The results were as follows; 1. Serum IgE values were increased to 0. 18${\pm}$0.042 at 2 weeks, $0.28{\pm}0.151$ at 4 weeks and 0.43${\pm}0.055$ at 8 weeks after infection. The absorbances of non-infected rats ranged $0.07{\pm}0.021~0.12{\pm}0.025$. 2. Specific IgG values were slightly increased at 3 weeks ($0.20{\pm}$0.032) and gradually increased up to 8 weeks($0.31{\pm}0.067$) after infection. The absorbances of non-infected rats ranged $0.11{\pm}0.035~0.18{\pm}0.019$. The present results suggested that p. westermani could elevate serum IgE and specific IgG antibodies in Wistar rats which were not a good definitive host.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.127-142
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• 1991

This study was carried out to investigate fatty liver in Korean black goats. Adult female goats were divided into 3 test groups(A, B and C). Group A and B of goats each received 3 test consecutive daily doses of DL-ethionine at 75mg/kg and 150mg/kg body weight, respectively. Group C of goats was given 3 consecutive doses of the compound every 48 hours at 150mg/kg body weight. The clinical symptoms, hematological values, serum chemical values and histopathological study of the liver were investigated in the test animals. The results obtained are as follows ; 1. Fatty liver were observed in every test animal. 2. Some clinical symptoms( anorexia, depression) were appeared from 1st day to 7th day after administration of the compound in every test animal. In addition to these symptoms, diarrhea and salivation were generally observed in test animals which were given the compound at 150mg/kg body weight. The degree of these symptoms was dose dependent. 3. There was no significant variations in total WBC counts and fibrinogen values in the blood of test goats. The PCV values were significantly increased on 5th day of dosing in group A and B of goats. 4. The total lipid value was not changed but the concentration of NEFA was significantly increased on 3rd day of dosing with the compound and returned to normal value after 10 days hereafter. The value of triglycerides was significantly increased on 1st day and returned to normal value on 3rd day of dosing. The value of cholesterol was significantly decreased on 3rd day and returned to normal value on 10th day after treatment. 5. Total protein level was decreased on 10th day of dosing in the groups of B and C, and billirubin level was significantly increased on 7th day of dosing in every test group and returned to normal level after 13th day of administration. 6. The activity of GGT in serum was not changed while the activities of SDH and AST were significantly increased in every test goat and those values were returned to normal after 10~13th day of trestment. 7 The 35K-protein fraction in serum was not detected by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, but this protein fraction was detected by the same method after treating the 21st and 22nd fraction which were obtained by column chromatography with Sephadex G-100. 8. The affected liver was congested and swollen on 3rd day, and yellowish brown in color and mottled appearance on 7th day of treatment. Histopathologically, fat droplets were common in the hepatocytes, this change was intensive on 7th day after treatment in group B and C. Hepatic cell necrosis was observed in some livers but this pathological change was disappeared and returned to normal after 13 days of treatment.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.16-23
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• 2007

Purpose : Hypogammaglobulinemia has been observed in nephrotic syndrome, but its pathophysiology remains unknown. We evaluated the relationship between the serum IgG and at bumin levels for children with minimal change nephrotic syndrome(MCNS). Methods : The levels of immunoglobulin G(IgG), albumin and total cholesterol of a total of 46 children with MCNS(proteinuria $>40mg/m^2/h$, and serum albumin level <2.5g/dL were analyzed. Results : The mean values of albumin, IgG and total cholesterol in MCNS children were $1.7{\pm}0.3g/dL,\;368{\pm}143mg/dL\;and\;431{\pm}78mg/dL$, respectively. There was an inverse correlation between the albumin values and the total cholesterol values(r=0.68, P=0.0001), whereas there was a direct-proportional correlation between albumin values and the IgG values(r=0.4, P=0.01). Conclusion : The IgG level is associated with albumin level, and it may reflect the severity of urinary protein loss in MCNS. Further studies are needed to evaluate this phenomenon.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.391-396
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• 2002

cows, in order to suggest a means for the improvement of milk production. A total of 30 Holstein cows (3rd to 5th of parity) were used and assigned to two groups according This study investigated blood biochemical values between high and low yielding dairy to milk production levels at 15, 30, 60 and 90 days postpartum. Milk production of group A was less than an average of 27 kg/day and that of group B was an average of 30 kg/day. Blood samples were collected by jugular venipuncture from each cow six times at 15 days before the anticipated calving date, within 12 hours postpartum (0 days) and at 15, 30, 60 and 90 days after calving. In serum mineral concentrations, group B was consistently higher than group A in both Mg and Ca. Inorganic phosphorus concentrations showed a little fluctuation between the groups at antepartum and at postpartum, but group B was significantly higher than group A at 15 and 30 days after calving (p < 0.05). In serum biochemical values cholesterol concentrations were consistently higher in group B except at 0 days. BUN and glucose concentrations did not differ between the groups. The concentration of vitamin A of group B was significantly higher than group A at 15 days before the anticipated calving date and at 15 days postpartum (p < 0.01), but at 30, 60 and 90 days postpartum vitamin A concentration of both groups were similar. Vitamin E concentration did not differ between the groups during the experimental period. Results of this study suggest that raising the levels of Mg, Ca, Pi and vitamin A in serum would be effective in increasing milk production of low producing cows.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.162-170
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• 1998

Present experiments were undertaken in order to determine the normal hematological and blood chemical values of elks raised in Korea. Blood samples were collected from 22 healthy adult (5~10 years old) male elks raised in Kyung-pook prefecture and examined for 9 hematological and 15 blood chemical parameters using automatic blood cell counter and automatic blood chemical analyzer. The mean hematological values were determined as PCV : 34.23%, RBC count : $6.70{\times}10^{6}/{\mu}l, Hb : 12.15g/61, WBC count : 3.17{\times}10^{3}/{\mu}l$, neutrophil : 54.09%, eosinophil : 12.27%, Iymphocyte : 28.86%, monocyte : 5.23%, and platelet : $39.94$\times$10^{5}/{\mu}l$

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.19
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• pp.8435-8440
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• 2014

Aims: Angiogenesis is important in malignant pleural effusion (MPE) formation and it is regulated by a number of pro- and anti-angiogenic cytokines. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of angiogenic factor vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiogenesis inhibitor endostatin in lung cancer patients with MPE, and investigate the relationship between these two kinds of agent. Methods: Using enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay, the concentrations of VEGF and endostatin were measured in pleural effusions (PE) and serum from a total of 70 lung cancer patients with MPE and 20 patients with tuberculosis. Results: Compared to patients with tuberculosis, the levels of VEGF and endostatin in both PE and serum were significantly higher in patients with lung cancer. There were statistically significant correlations between VEGF levels in PE and serum (r=0.696, p<0.001), endostatin levels in PE and serum (r=0.310, p=0.022), and VEGF and endostatin levels in PE (r=0.287, p=0.019). Cox multivariate analysis revealed that elevated pleural VEGF and endostatin levels and serum endostatin level were independent predictors of shorter overall survival. Conclusion: Both pro- and anti-angiogenic factors are likely contributors to PE formation. Our results suggest that the levels of VEGF and endostatin in PE, together with endostatin in serum, may be potential prognostic parameters for lung cancer patients with MPE.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.139-148
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• 1999

This study was designed to assess the iron nutritional status of girls at puberty in Kangnung area. The subjects consisted of 161 adolescents in sixth-grade in primary school and first-grade in middle school girls. Anthropometric measurements were taken for body weight, height, percentage of body fat, and circumferences of waist and hip. Nutrient intakes were assessed by modified 24-hour recall method. Food models and other measuring tools were also used. Fasting blood samples were obtained and analyzed for hemoglobin(Hb) concentration, hematocrit(Hct), serum iron(FE) and total iron binding capacity(TIBC). Mean values for Hb, Hct, Fe, TIBC, TS and serum ferritin were $13.6{\pm}0.9g/dl$, $39.6{\pm}3.9%, 91.3{\pm}36.3{\mu}g/dl$, $327.9{\pm}45.2{\mu}g/dl$, $28.3{\pm}11.8%$ and $37.4{\pm}24.2ng/ml$, respectively. Prevalence of iron deficiency greatly varied by indices from 4.8% when judged by Hb to 18.4% by serum Fe concentration. The Hb concentration was positively correlated with Hct(r=0.641), serum iron(r=0.266) and transferrin saturation(r=0.237)(p<0.05). On the other hand, serum ferritin concentration showed significantly negative correlation with TIBC(r=-0.572). Mean daily intake of iron was 14.94mg and heme iron intake was 1.13mg and which was 7.6% of total iron intake. Total absorbable iron calculated by the method of Mosen was 1.38mg and bioavailability of dietary iron was 9.3%. These results suggest that the prevalence of iron deficiency of pubertal girls is very high, therefore the guidelines for diet and social supports, such as, school food service system should be provided to improve their iron status in middle school students.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.49-63
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to obtain the nutritional values and objective data of uncooked powdered food (UPF) in korea. We interviewed 27 healthy female subjects aged over 25 years living in the lksan area. We just replaced common breakfast and dinner of the subjects with UPF. Their dietary intake status was evaluated by 24-hour recall method. Their body compositions were measured using body fat analyzer. Also we conducted hematological and clinical analysis of blood. The intake of energy, lipid and protein has decreased as people started to take UPF, but the intake of vitamins and minerals has increased. The quality of meals has improved after taking UPF. Due to the energy loss by taking UPF, weight and body fat gradually lessened. Among the lost weight the percentage of the body fat was high and we judged that the process of losing weight was successful. It is hard to predict whether weight loss will occur to people who are already in shape or not, but if overweight and obesity people regularly take UPF instead of other food products, we assume that UPF will help lessening body fat. The most positive change among biochemical changes by taking UPF was decreasing of serum lipid contents. The concentrations of total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol gradually decreased and decreased intently after 12weeks. Serum HDL-cholesterol gradually increased and serum triglyceride showed gradual decrement. When healthy adult women replaced two of three meals with UPF for 3months, we were able to see some useful changes like decrement of body fat and serum lipid control and during this 3month period, no significant nutritional problems occurred. Complete judgement on UPF may be difficult with these conclusions but if people take a nomal meal once and replenish iron from taking UPF twice a day, we assume that replacing UPF with regular meal not be a problem in nutritional status. If other experiments on the effects of UPF proceed, we believe that those experiments will be very helpful in judging the nutritional value of UPF. (Korean J Nutrition 36(1) : 49-63, 2003)

• KSBB Journal
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.132-138
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• 1992

Sprial adaptation technique of conditioned media has been applied to cultivate human cell line which can not survive in a serum free mdium without adding any growth factors in basal medium Doubling time and scu-PA production from serum free adapted cells were 5 days and 890 (IU/mL), respectively in a T-flask, whose values were not much lower than the productivity of 1100(IU/mL) from 5% serum containing medium. It was required to use conditioned media for attaching cells on microcarriers when cells were inoculated into a spinner vessel. Then, cells could continuously grow in serum free medium with having specific growth rate of 0.106 (1/day) and specific scu-PA production rate of $1.58{\times}10_{-5}$(IU/cell/day) in batch cultivation.