• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.512-523
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• 2002

The objective of this study was to investigate the nutritional status, biochemical parameters, lipid and electrolytes concentrations of the enteral nutrition patients according to the duration of enteral nutrition. Eighteen neurosurgery patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) at K University Hospital were subjected in this study. The duration of enteral nutrition was classified into under or over six month of period. Anthropometric, biochemical, clinical, and dietary assessments were performed. Patients' intakes of energy and protein were insufficient, from 82% to 95% of their requirements. Mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC) and mid-am muscle area (MAMA) were significantly lower in patients over six months of enteral nutrition than those in patients under six months. The subjects were malnourished as indicated by nutrition-related parameters such as hemoglobin, albumin, total lymphocyte count (TLC), tricep skinfold thickness (TSF), mid-arm circumference (MAC), MAMC, and MAMA. Serum chloride level of the patients eve, six months of enteral nutrition was lower (94.7 $\pm$ 3.4 mmo1/1) significantly as compared to that of patients (99.3 $\pm$ 3.5 mmol/ 1) under six months. Urinary sodium and chloride levels were lower in the longer time of enteral nutrition patients than those of shorter period of enteral nutrition patients (p < .05). While serum phospholipid level was higher in the patients over six months of enteral nutrition, other blood biochemical parameters and electrolyte concentrations did not show any differences with the duration of enteral nutrition. Neurosurgery patients in the ICU undergoing long-term enteral nutrition tube-feeding were malnourished and had a variety of metabolic complications. The duration of enteral nutrition could affect the patients' nutritional status, biochemical parameters, and electrolytes balance. The patients who require nutritional support over an extended time need the continuous follow-up care and monitoring by the nutrition support team for laboratory, clinical, and nutritional assessments.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.422-427
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• 1978

Alterations in the serum and urine potassium were studied in twenty patients who underwent open heart surgery in National Medical Center during the period from Jan.1978 to June 1978. There were twelve cases congenital heart disease and eight acquired heart disease. Rigg-Kyvsgaad mark IV roller pump and Polystan bubble oxygenator were used in all patients. Hemodilution was carried out by priming the oxygenator with Hartmann`s solution. Measurements were made of the serum electrolyte, gas analysis and twenty four hour urine electrolytes. During the bypass, the serum potassium decreased Significantly from 4.2?.47 to 3.6?. 72 mEq. per liter. [p<0.05] Fifty seven miliequivalant of potassium chloride were added during operation-urine potassium was higher in the diuretic group than in the non diuretic group. Plasma potassium level in the diuretic group was more significantly reduced than nondiuretic group. In this series large amount of urine potassium loss was noted on the day of operation, the first and second post operative day.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.21-24
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• 1985

The effects of dietary magnesium, calcium on the serum cholesterol concentration in rabbit was studied for a period of 21 days using isocalorids and isonitrogenous basal diet. It is investigated that the serum cholesterol level lowering by feeding with calcium, magnesium, sesame oil and perilla oil, did not appeared but perilla oil and magnesium feeding group appeared a little bit lowering. There was no effect for the total protein, but there was some sort of effect for albumin and globulin. Particulary, alpa-globulin was increased by calcium, magnesium, sesame oil and perilla oil feeding groups. The esterified cholesterol was increased at the magnesium and perilla oil diet group. It is also, investigate that there is almost no effect for the electrolytes concentration and transport phenomena in the cell through magnesium, calcium, sesame oil and perilla oil diet groups.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.61-70
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• 1996

Correlations of adolescents' blood pressure with dietary factors and blood or urinary electrolytes were investigated in this study. Through the screening for blood pressures of 960 middle school students aged 13-16 years, 30 students with the mean value of SBP and DBP above 96th percentile(high blood pressure group) and the other 30 with the mean blood pressure between 48th and 52th percentiles(normal blood pressure group) were selected as the subjects. SBP/DBP of the high and talc normal blood pressure groups were $141.8{\pm}9.0$ / $83.6{\pm}5.1$ mmHg and $116.4{\pm}3.5$ / $69.8{\pm}3.7 mmHg$, respectively. The average values of age, weight, height, BMI, degree of relative crude physical activity, and family income were not different between two groups. Among nutrients for which intakes were determined by 24 hour-recall and expressed as percent RDA, intakes of total and animal calcium were lower in the high blood pressure group compared to the normal, and were negatively correlated with both SBP and DBP even when the effects of related general and other dietary factors were excluded. Whereas energy, total, animal and vegetable protein, total and animal lipid, and riboflavin were higher in intake in the high blood pressure group than in fille normal, and they were in positive correlations with SBP and/or DBP. Vitamin A and ascorbic acid intakes were also negatively correlated with DBP, though ascorbic acid intake was not different between two groups. High blood pressure group preferred higher concentration of thin rice gruel than normal group and talc preferred salt concentrations was ill positive correlation with SBP. Serum and urinary levels of Ca, Mg, Ca/Mg ratio, Na, K and Na/K ratio did not show any differences between two groups. However serum Ca/Mg retio was in negative and se겨m Mg was ill positive correlations with SBP, and urinary Na excretion was negatively correlated with SBP. Calcium intake showed negative correlation with serum Ha and Na/K ratio. Our data indicated that dietary intake of Ca, energy, protein, lipid, vitamin A and C as well as salt preference were associated with blood pressure in adolescents. It might be assumed that Ca lowered blood pressure by increasing serum Ca/Mg ratio and decreasing serum Ca/K ratio though urinary excretion of Na.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.39-50
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• 1990

1. 1990년(年) 4월(月) 7일(日)부터 1990년(年) 5월(月) 8일(日)까지 대조구(對照區)와 해상(海上)가두리 시설별(施設別)로 양식(養殖)넙치의 혈청화학지수(血淸化學指數) 및 전해질지수(電解質指數)를 측정(測定)하였다. 2. 대조구(對照區)의 혈청화학지수(血淸化學指數)는 총단백(總蛋白) $5.74{\pm}0.83g/dl$, 알부민 $0.94{\pm}0.22g/dl$ 및 혈당(血糖) $62{\pm}29mg/dl$를 나타내었으며, 전해질(電解質)의 경우(境遇), 포타슘이 $2.5{\pm}1.1mmol/l$, 소디움이 $169{\pm}17mmol/l$, 칼슘이 $5.0{\pm}1.7mg/l$이었다. 3. 시험구별(試驗區別) 혈청화학지수(血淸化學指數)에 있어서 대조구(對照區)와 비교(比較)하여 총단백(總蛋白)의 경우 네트론의 시험구(試驗區)만이 이송후(移送後) 27일(日)만에 대조구(對照區)의 수치(數値)와 거의 같은 $5.72{\pm}1.11g/dl$을 나타내었으며 조사기간(調査期間) 중(中) 다른 시험구(試驗區)에 비(比)해 안정(安定)된 상태(狀態)를 유지(維持)하였다. 그 다음으로 안정(安定)된 상태(狀態)를 보인 PVC 시험구(試驗區)는 27일(日)만에 $5.34{\pm}0.81g/dl$ 점차 대조구(漸次對照區)의 수준(水準)으로 회복(回復)하는 추세(趨勢)를 보였다. 알부민의 경우 가장 변동(變動)이 적고 안정(安定)된 상태(狀態)를 유지(維持)한 PVC 시험구(試驗區)의 경우 이송(移送) 후(後) 27일(日) 만에 대조구(對照區) 수준(水準)과 거의 같은 $1.00{\pm}0.18g/dl$을 나타내었고 혈당(血糖)의 경우는 이송(移送) 후(後)에는 전(全) 시험구(試驗區)가 대조구(對照區)와 비교(比較)하여 2배(倍) 가량 증가(增加)하였으며 대조구(對照區)의 수준(水準)으로 회복(回復)한 시험구(試驗區)는 PVC 시험구(試驗區)와 네트론 시험구(試驗區)였다. 그러나 네트론의 시험구(試驗區)는 그 후(後)에 $49{\pm}15mg/dl$로 저하(低下)하였다가 다시 대조구(對照區) 수준(水準)을 회복(回復)하였으나 PVC 시험구(試驗區)는 큰 변동(變動)이 없이 안정(安定)된 상태(狀態)를 유지(維持)하였다. 4. 시험구별(試驗區別) 전해질지수(電解質指數)에 있어서 대조구(對照區)와 비교(比較)하여 포타슘의 경우 이송(移送) 직후(直後)부터 9일(日)째까지는 전(全) 시험구(試驗區)가 3배(倍) 이상(以上) 증가(增加)하였으며 그 후(後)에는 저하(低下)되었으나 PVC 시험구(試驗區)와 네트론지주(支柱) 시험구(試驗區)를 제외(除外)하고는 저하(低下)의 폭(幅)이 너무 컸다. 조사기간(調査期間) 중 가장 변동(變動)의 폭(幅)이 적은 시험구(試驗區)는 PVC 시험구(試驗區)였다. 소디움의 경우는 이송후(移送後) 9일(日)째에는 대조구(對照區)의 수준(水準)을 회복(回復)하는 시험구(試驗區)들과 큰 폭(幅)으로 저하(低下)하는 시험구(試驗區)로 대별(大別)되었다. 그리고 이송후(移送後) 16일(日)째는 전반적(全般的)으로 상승(上昇)하였으나 변동(變動)이 적은 PVC 시험구(試驗區)는 조사기간(調査期間) 중(中) $169{\pm}17-178{\pm}10mmol/l$이고 그 다음 변동(變動)이 적은 PVC지주(支柱) 시험구(試驗區)는 $173{\pm}10-179{\pm}9mmol/l$를 나타내었다. 5. 해상(海上)가두리의 각(各) 시설별(施設別) 혈청학적(血淸化學) 지수(指數) 및 전해질지수(電解質指數)의 분석결과(分析結果)를 종합(綜合)한 결과(結果) 지수(指數)의 변동(變動)이 안정(安定)된 시험구(試驗區)는 PVC 시험구(試驗區), 네트론, PVC지주시험구순(支柱試驗區順)이었으며 그외 시험구(試驗區)들은 변동(變動)의 폭(幅)이 컸었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.748-753
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• 2007

Serum biochemical values were measured in blood samples collected from 8 fasted stags from both jugular and femoral veins at 18-day intervals during antler growth. Samples were analyzed for blood substrate, enzyme activity values, minerals and electrolyte. There were no significant differences in total protein, albumin, urea, creatinine, triglyceride, glucose or cholesterol concentration between veins or sampling dates. However, total-bilirubin concentration in the jugular vein on the casting date was three times higher than on the other sampling dates (p<0.05). There were no significant differences in alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase with progressing antler growth. The highest level of alkaline phosphatase concentration was on day 55 after casting. There were no significant differences in inorganic phosphorus, sodium and chloride concentration between jugular and femoral samples. Calcium concentration was significantly higher in the femoral vein on the cutting date (55 day) than in the jugular vein (p<0.05). There were few changes in serum biochemical values. However, some electrolytes and minerals had differences during antler growth. It is suggested that despite such a big event as antler growth, blood biochemical values are not variable if feeding conditions are consistently maintained as was the case in this study.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.185-189
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• 1989

Effect of perilla oil on the fatty acid composition, ACAT and HMG-CoA reductase in the liver microsomes, or cholesterol and protein in serum of rabbit were examined. 1. The content of total protein in serum was almost same amount of both groups, but ${\alpha_1}-globulin$ and r-globuline were incresed or ${\beta}-globulin$ was decresed compared with control. 2. The content of high density lipoprotein incresed, and the content of low density lipoprotein decresed in lipoprotein. 3. Total cholesterol and triglyceride were decresed, and the content of phospholipid was incresed. 4. Perilla oil did not effect for changing blood glucose and $Na^+,\;K^+$ electrolytes. 5. Perilla oil did not effect for changing serum GOT and GPT in rabbit. 6. The activity of ACAT decresed and the activity of HMG-CoA reductase incresed. The activity of ACAT and HMG-CoA reductase in liver microsomes were reciprocal. 7. There were arachidonic acid 20:4, eicosapentaenoic acid 20:5, and docosahexaenoic acid 22:6 in the liver microsomes of rabbits. These highly polyunsaturated fatty acids were convented from linolenic acid 18:3 n-3.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.347-368
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• 1994

In order to investigate the effects of Okchunsan (Sample A), Gamiokchunsan (Sample B) and Spinacia oleracea L. (semen: Sample C) on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, the experimal study was performed on the levels of glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, total protein, albumin, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), electrolytes $(Na^+,\;Ka^+,\;Cl^-)$, GOT and GPT in serum, hemoglobin, hematocrit, urine volume, glucose and protein in urine, body weight, liver and kidney weight. The results were obtained as follows: 1. Serum glucose levels were significantly decreased in Sample A. B and C group and serum insulin levels were increaseclin Sample A and B group. 2. Serum total cholesterol levels were recovered as the normal value in Sample A, B and C group and serum triglyceride levels were decreased in Sample A and C group. 3. Serum total protein levels were increased in Sample C group, BUN levels were decreased in Sample A and C group. 4. Serum $Na^+\;and\;Cl^-$ levels were increased, $K^+$ levels were decreased in Sample A, B and C group. 5. Serum GOT and GPT levels were remarkedly decreased in Sample A, B and C group. 6. Urine volume, urine glucose and protein levels were decreased in Sample A, B and C levles. 7. Body Weight showed a tendancy of increasing in Sample A, B and C group. 8. Levels of serum albumin, hemoglobin, nematocrit, liver and Kidney weight were not significantly changed. According to above results, Okchunsan, Gamiokchunsan and spinacia oleracea L. (Semen) were expected to be applied to the treatment of diabetes mellitus and its complications.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2-2
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• pp.209.1-209.1
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• 2003

Polygoni cuspidatum has been used as treatments of dermatitis, inflammation and hyperlipidemia, and diuretic in folk medicine. In order to evaluate the urinary effect of Polygoni cuspidati Radix, its MeOH extract was administered in rats by in vivo test. We measured urine volume, chemical parameters, and electrolytes in serum and urine of the rats.The results showed that Polygoni cuspidati Radix MeOH extract had urinary volume increase and normal level parameters in rats.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제60권3호
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• pp.133-137
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• 2020

Diarrhea is the most common cause of death in calves, and remains a major health challenge. Although there are many studies on the related pathogens, the understanding of the clinicopathological changes is limited. This study aimed to identify the pathogens and observe the clinicopathological changes in electrolytes and acute phase proteins (APPs) associated with diarrhea. Blood samples and fecal samples were collected from 141 calves for the determination of APPs, electrolyte and acid-base status and identification of enteropathogens, respectively. Single or co-infections with enteropathogens, including virus (bovine viral diarrhea virus, coronavirus, and rotavirus), Eimeria, Cryptosporidium, and Escherichia coli K99 were detected in both non-diarrheic and diarrheic calves. Levels of APPs such as serum amyloid A, haptoglobin and fibrinogen were comparable between diarrheic and non-diarrheic calves. Hypoglycemia, high blood urea, electrolytes and acid-base imbalance (hyponatremia, hypochloremia, and decreased bicarbonate), and strong ion difference (SID) acidosis showed a significant association in diarrheic calves (p < 0.01). Particularly, significant hyponatremia, bicarbonate loss, SID acidosis, hypoglycemia, and elevated blood urea nitrogen were found in rotavirus-infected calves. Monitoring the clinicopathological parameters of APPs and electrolyte levels could be vital in the clinical management of diarrheic calves.