• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.271-279
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• 1998

This study was conducted to compare the serum composition and urinary excretion in four institutional groups and the effects of intakes of good foods and harmful foods according to the Sasang constitiution for a short time on serum and ruine compositon. The contitutions of 33 female stucdents were classified by O-ring test and muscular strength test according to the Sasang constitution, The number of each institutional group was So-yang-in 11, So-em-in 10 and Tae-em-in 12. No subject belonged to Tae-yang-in There were no significant differences among contitutional groups in the values of most serum composition and urinary excretion Serum levels of total cholesterol, glucose, calcium and phosphorus in Tae-em-in was the highest among groups and the level of albumin and total protein in So-em-in was highest. The values of serum compositions changed after the 33 subjects took good foods and then harmful foods according to The Sasang constitution for a short time(5 days). Dietary behavior of the subjects had some effects among the constitutional groups in the values of most serum composition and urinary excretion. But the effects of dietary behavior on the serum composition and urinary excretion showed various trends in the four institutional groups.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제44권7호
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• pp.85-98
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation of dietary and serum phospholipid fatty acids composition and serum lipid levels in postmenopausal women. Data about anthropometry, dietary intake, physical activities, serum lipid profile and serum phospholipid fatty acid composition were collected from eighty-five postmenopausal women. The subjects were classified as normocholesterolemia (NC), moderate hypercholesterolemia(MC) and phyperchollesterolemia(HC) according to their serum total cholesterol (TC) levels based on The Guideline for Korean Hyperlipidemia set/published by The Committee for Hyperlipidemia in Korea. The results were as follows. Total energy intake and the ratio of energy intake to energy expenditure were positively related, while dietary fiber intake was negatively related, with serum TC level. Dietary fat intake was positively related with serum LDL-C level. Dietary cholesterol, saturated fatty acid (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) intake and the ratio of ingested saturated fat and cholesterol to calories (RISCC) were positively related, while the P/S ratio of dietary fat was negatively related, with serum TC and LDL-C levels. Serum phospholipid fatty acids composition was not significantly different among the three groups. SFA of serum phospholipid fatty acids was positively related, while P/S and M/S ratios of serum phospholipid fatiy acids were negatively correlated, with serum TC and LDL-C levels. We recommend that the dietary P/S ratio of postmenopausal women is increased by reducing their dietary SFA intake. With these changes in the diet, serum phospholipid fatty acid composition could be also changed, and serum lipids levels could be improved.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제32권7호
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• pp.802-811
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• 1999

The purposes of this study were to 1) examine the dietary patterns of fatty acids and the fatty acid composition in serum, 2) determine selenium (Se) concentrations, and 3) investigate how serum fatty acid compositon affects serum levels of Se in Korean elementary school children. The subjects consisted of 168 school children(82 boys & 86 girls) belonging to 1st through 6th grades, and their dietary assessment was evaluated. The serum fatty acid composition was analyzed by GLC, and the ICP/MS method was employed to measure serum Se concentration. Total average intake of PUFA, MUFA and SFA were 10.5g, 12.7g, 11.2g respectively. Total average dietary P/M/S ratio was 1.10/1.18/1.0. The average intake of $\omega$3 fatty acids and $\omega$6 fatty acids were 1.33g, 9.19g, respectively. The $\omega$6/$\omega$3ratio was 14.2 which is higher than the recommended range. In serum fatty acid composition, PUFA, MUFA, SFA were 40.6%, 28.1% and 31.6% respectively. The average $\omega$3 fatty acid composition was 3.80%, and the mean value of $\omega$6 series was 36.8%. The M/S ratio of girls was significantly higher than boy's in fatty acids intake and in serum composition. Mean Se concentration of total subjects was 416.7ug/l and it was significantly higher in the lower grades(1st-3rd)than in the upper grades(4th~6th, p<0.05). Although the mean serum Se concentration was negatively correlated with PUFA composition in total boys and girls, it was not significant. Serum Se concentration was negatively correlated with P/S ratio and C24:1 concentration(p<0.05). In addition, serum composition of $\omega$6 PUFA and C24:1 showed negative correlations with serum Se in only lower grades girl(1st~3rd), and further studies are needed to clarify in these phenomena. In conclusion, the mean serum Se concentration was significantly lower in upper grades (4th~6th)than in lower grades(1st~3rd) of elementary school children and was negatively correlated with P/S ratio of serum fatty acids. More detailed studies on relationship between Se and fatty acids are required.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2011

Purpose: This study investigated the changes in body composition and serum lipid composition in obese women that were caused by a 12-week circuit exercise regime including both field and aquatic activities. Methods: Subjects comprised a total of 36 women who had a BMI of more than $25kg/m^2$. The simple obesity group (n=17) had no current or past record of medical complications, whereas the group with complications (n=19) also suffered from hypertension and/or diabetes. The circuit exercise program consisted of 12 weeks of 60%HRmax exercise sessions, five days a week. Results: While changes in every variable of body composition were significant, there was no statistically significant difference in the changes in serum lipid composition variables. With the exception of BMI, the correlation between the simple/complicated groups and exercising was statistically insignificant. Conclusion: These findings suggest that while a complex circuit weight exercise program that includes aquatic exercises significantly and positively alters obese patients' body composition it does not create statistically significant changes in their serum lipid composition. It can still be concluded, however, that increasing the duration of the exercise program would be effective to influence this. Moreover, personalized exercise programs that fit the needs of the individual participants seem necessary, given that the effect of exercise on body composition and serum lipid composition was greater in patients with simple obesity than in those with complications.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.83-92
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• 2001

This study evaluated the effects of Dioscorea batatas and Gastrodia rhizoma on fatty acid composition of serum, liver and brain in rats which were fed control diet adding 5%, 10%, 15% Dioscorea batatas powder and 5%, 10%, 15% Gastrodia rhizoma powder for 3 weeks, respectively. In the other total fatty acid composition of serum lipids, the percentage of SFA was higher in the control group than in the other groups. The percentages 18:2 and 20:4 in serum lipids were significantly higher in the group 5, 6 and 7 than control group. In phospholipid fatty acid composition of serum lipids, the percentage of 18:2 was significantly higher in the group 5, 6 and 7 than in the other groups. 16:0, 18:0, 18:1, 18:2 and 20:4 were the main fatty acid in the total fatty acid and phospholipid fatty acid composition of liver lipids. 16:0, 18:0, 18:1, 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6 were the main fatty acid in the total fatty acid and phospholipid fatty acid composition of brain lipids.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.415-424
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• 1997

Serum lipid levels and fatty acid composition of serum phospholipids(PL) were investigated in 24 healthy male subjects who consumed either corn oil(CO) rich In linoleic acid(LA), perilla oil(PO) rich in $\alpha$-linolenic acid($\alpha$-LNA), or canola oil acid(OA) as a major fat source fir 5 weeks. The PO and the CNO groups showed significant(P <0.05) increases in serum high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C) levels and in ratios of HDL- C/total cholesterol(TC) compared with initial values measured at the beginning of the study. Significantly(p <0.05) increased concentrations of serum triglycerides(TG) ware observed after 5 weeks of the CO based diet compared with both its intial value and the concentration observed after 5 weeks with the PO-based diet. fatty acid composition of serum PL reflected changes in dietary fatty acid composition and metabolism. Compared with the initial levels, significandy increased contents of eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid(DHA) were observed in serum PL of the PO group and significantly increased contents of $\alpha$-LNA and EPA were observed in the CNO group. Arachidonic acid(AA) content of serum PL did not change in the CO group during the study period, although, the increase in LA was significant(P <0.05). Compared with the CO-based diet, both the PO and the CNO-based diets seem to have beneficial effects on atherosclerosis by influencing the serum lipid profile and fatty acid composition of serum PL.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.102-110
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• 2002

Cigarette smoking has long been recognized as a major risk factor in the development of coronary heart disease. Several investigators have reported the strong association between smoking and high serum cholesterol, triglyceride concentration, SFA and low HDL cholesterol, PUFA and $\omega$6 concentrations. Therefore, this study was done to investigate the effect of smoking on the serum lipid profile and fatty acid composition of college women. Sixty-one non-smokers and twenty-seven smokers were selected from college women students in the Seoul area. Their lipid intake, serum lipid concentration and fatty acid composition were examined. There were no differences in the general characteristics and anthropometric indices between the smokers and non-smokers. However, alcohol consumption was significantly higher in smokers than non-smokers (p<0.001). The daily caloric intake of smokers and non-smokers were 1875.84 kcal and 1915.53 kacl, respectively. On the other hand, the mean daily intake of lipids and cholesterol were significantly lower in smokers (p<0.05). In smokers, the mean concentrations of serum total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio were higher, and the compositions of EPA and DHA were lowe than in non-smokers. There was a negative correlation between the serum triglyceride and PUFA levels in the two groups. Also, serum HDL-C correlated negatively with MUFA in smokers and non-smokers (p<0.01). These results suggest that smoking cause inadequate changes in serum lipid profile and serum fatty acid composition, thereby increasing the tendency for coronary heart disease.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.315-323
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• 1998

This study was performed to investigate the serum lipid levels and fatty acid composition in middle-aged men and the influence of cardiovscular risk factors on them. Data for dietary intake, anthropometry , blood pressure, and general environmental factors were obtained and their relationship to serum lipid levels and fatty acid composition were analyzed in 303 healthy male subjects with a mean age of 43.8$\pm$6.4 years from June 1 to 22 , 1995. The prevalence of obesity was 26.7% by BMI and 11.2% by WHR criteria . The percentage of hypertensive subjects were 13.5% and 22.4% by systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respectively. Retinol, calcium , and roboflavin intakes were lower than the RDA for Koreans. The ratio of carbohydrate intake to total calories of the subjects was 70%. Ratios of P/M and n-6/n-3 were 1.02/1.05/1.00 and 11.1/1, respectively. The percentage of subjects who had serum TG, TC, LDL-C leves beyond the normal range were 19.5% , 13.5% and 8.6% respectively. Palmitic comprised 26.4% of serum total fatty acids, linoleic acid 19.4% and oleic acid 16.4. The waist circumference and ration of carbohydrate intake were related positively to TG level. Serum cholesterol level had positive relations with waist circumference, DBP, sugar intake, and income. There were positive relationships between SFA and bone fishes and vegetable oil intakes, MUFA and DBP while a negative a negative relationship was observed between PUFA and animal fat intake. Serum n-6 fatty acid was related negatively to carbohydrate intake and hot taste preference. N-3 fatty acid was related positively to fish intake and negatively to egg intake. These results suggest that to maintain adequate serum lipid levels and fatty acid composition, sugar, animal fat, and carbohydrate intakes have to be reduced, while consumption of vegetable oil and fish must be increased. It is also essential to control abdominal fat accumulation and blood pressure.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제22권10호
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• pp.1414-1419
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• 2009

The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of trivalent chromium from different sources on growth, carcass composition, and serum parameters in finishing pigs. Ninety-six crossbred pigs with an initial average body weight of 65.57${\pm}$1.05 kg were blocked by body weight and randomly assigned to four treatments with three replicates. Pigs were offered one of four diets including a control diet or the control diet supplemented with 200 ${\mu}g/kg$ chromium from either chromium chloride ($CrCl_{3}$), chromium picolinate (CrPic) or chromium nanocomposite (CrNano) for 40 days. After completion of the feeding trial, eight pigs from each treatment were selected to collect blood samples, and slaughtered to measure carcass composition. The results showed that supplemental chromium had no significant effect on growth performance, while CrNano increased carcass lean proportion and loin Longissimus muscle area (p<0.05), and decreased carcass fat proportion and 10th rib backfat depth (p<0.05). CrPic supplementation also resulted in lower fat proportion and larger Longissimus muscle area (p<0.05). The addition of Cr from CrNano or CrPic decreased serum glucose (p<0.05) and increased concentrations of total protein and free fat acid in serum (p<0.05). Serum urea nitrogen, triglyceride and cholesterol were decreased (p<0.05), and serum high density lipoprotein and lipase activity were increased (p<0.05) with the supplementation of CrNano. Serum insulin was decreased (p<0.05) by supplemental Cr from CrNano or CrPic, and serum insulin-like growth factor I was increased significantly in the CrNano treated group. These results suggest that chromium nanocomposite has higher efficacy on carcass composition in pigs compared to the traditional chromium sources.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.19-28
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• 2004

This study was done to investigate effects of smoking, drinking and exercise on body composition, dietary intakes, serum lipids of male high school students in Seoul. Body Composition was analyzed by the Bioelectrical Impedance Fatness Analyzer. Dietary survey was conducted by 24-hour recall method and nutrient intakes were analyzed by the Computer Aided Nutritional analysis program for professional (CAN-Pro). All data were statistically analyzed by SAS PC package program. Mean and standard error were examined for each items. The significant difference was examined by student's t-test. Body composition data showed that protein mass, mineral mass and lean body mass of regular exercisers were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those of irregular exercisers. Energy and protein intakes of male high school students were 1868 kcal/day (69.2% RDA), 68 g/day (91.3% RDA), respectively. Ca, Fe and Vitamin B$_2$ intakes were lower than 2000 RDA. Analysis of serum lipids showed that serum levels of HDL-cholesterol of drinkers were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those of nondrinkers. Overall results imply that smoking and alcohol drinking of adolescent males may not much influence on serum lipids levels because pack-years of smoking or the amount of alcohol drinking was not serious enough to be harmful to health.