• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.11-16
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• 2017

Purpose: The association of hypoalbuminemia with 30-day in-hospital mortality in patients with organophosphate insecticide poisoning (OPI) was studied. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted between January 2006 and November 2013 in the emergency department (ED) after OPI poisoning. A Kaplan-Meier 30-day survival curve and the log-rank test were used to analyze patients stratified according to serum albumin levels on ED admission (hypoalbuminemia or normo-albuminemia). Independent risk factors including hypoalbuminemia for 30-day mortality were determined by multivariate Cox regression analysis. Results: A total of 135 patients were included. Eighty-eight (65%) patients were male and the mean age was $57.3{\pm}17.0$ years. Serum albumin, mean arterial pressure, and Glasgow coma scale score were significantly higher in the survival group than the non-survival group. APACHE II score was significantly lower in the non-survival group than the survival group. The mortality of the hypoalbuminemia group (serum albumin <3.5 g/dl) was 68.8%, while that of the normo-albuminemia group (serum albumin ${\geq}3.5g/dl$) was 15.1%. The area under the ROC curve of the serum albumin level was 0.786 (95% CI, 0.690-0.881) and the APACHE II score was 0.840 (95% CI, 0.770-0.910). Conclusion: Hypoalbuminemia is associated with 30-day mortality in patients with OPI poisoning.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.286-291
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• 2000

고품질의 수산양식식품의 생산을 위한 기초자료를 얻고자 조피볼락의 사료에 황토5%∼ 15%의 농도로 첨가하여 7주간 사육한 후 혈청성분을 분석한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 황토의 화학 적 조성을 분석한 결과 SiO2 49.80%, Al2O3 27.50%, FeO3 8.33%, CaO 0.09%, MgO 0.64%, K2O 1.62%, Na2O 0.12%, P2O5 0.20%, MnO 0.03%를 함유하여 여러 가지 생리활성을 가지는 zeolite의 화학 적 조성과 유사한 다량의 무기질을 함유하고 있는 것이 확인되었다. 혈청중의 총단백질과 알부민 함량 은 대조구에 비하여 황토 첨가구에서 다소 높게 나타났다. 혈청중의 중성지방과 콜레스테롤 함량은 대 조구에 비하여 황토 첨가구에서 낮게 나타났으며, 황토첨가농도가 10%까지는 첨가량이 증가할수록 크게 감소하다가 그 이후는 다시 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 혈청중의 빌리루빈 함량은 15% 첨가구를 제외한 모든 실험구에서 대조구에 비하여 낮게 나타났다. 혈청중의 헤모글로빈 함량은 대조구에 비하여 7.5%, 10% 첨가구에서 높게 나타났으며, 5%, 12.5%, 15% 첨가구에서는 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았다.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.293-298
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• 2008

본 연구는 방사선 조사에 의해 생쥐의 혈청성분이 어떠한 변화를 일으키는가를 구명하는데 있고, 이를 위해 10MeV급 Linac 방사선치료장치를 사용하여 3Gy 방사선을 1회 전신 조사한 생쥐의 혈청(serum)을 채취하여 14가지 생화학적 분석을 실시한 후 paired t-test를 실시하였다. 그 결과 다음의 3가지 혈청성분에서 유의한 변화가 있다는 사실을 확인하였다. 첫째, glucose 측정에서 정상대조군(normal control group)의 $185.43{\pm}14.93$보다 방사선조사군(irradiation group)이 $220.00{\pm}17.58$로 높게 나타나 평균값에 매우 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.001). 둘째, BUN(blood urea nitrogen) 측정에서 정상대조군의 $19.61{\pm}1.65$보다 방사선조사군이 $15.70{\pm}1.48$로 낮게 나타나 평균값에 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.01). 셋째, albumin 측정에서 정상대조군의 $3.19{\pm}0.34$보다 방사선조사군이 $2.89{\pm}0.25$로 낮게 나타나 평균값에 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 결론적으로, 3Gy 방사선이 조사된 생쥐의 혈청은 glucose, BUN(blood urea nitrogen), albumin 등 3가지 성분에서 유의할만한 변화를 일으켰다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.61-76
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• 2009

Background: Membranous nephropathy (MN) is the most common cause of adult nephrotic syndrome worldwide and has been defined as granular subepithelial deposition of immune complexes along the glomerular basement membrane (GBM). MN has few known treatments and gives rise to side effects under treatment with steroids and immunosuppressives. Objective: The purpose of this experimental study was to demonstrate the effects of Scutellariae Radix extract (SRE) treatment on MN mouse model induced by cBSA. Methods: We divided mice into 4 groups. The Normal group had no treatment. We induced MN mouse model to the other 3 groups by injecting cBSA into the abdominal cavity. The control group was treated with cBSA (10 mg/kg, i.p.) only. The second group, 'SRE-250', was treated with cBSA (10 mg/kg, i.p.) and SRE (250 mg/kg, p.o.). The third group, 'SRE-500', was treated with cBSA (10 mg/kg, i.p.) and SRE (500 mg/kg, p.o.). After cBSA and SRE treatment for 4 weeks, gain in body weight, 24hrs proteinuria, serum albumin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, BUN and creatinine of all groups were measured. TNF-$\alpha$, IL-6, IL-1$\beta$, IL-10, IFN-$\gamma$, IgA, IgM and IgG levels of all groups were gauged. H&E staining and electron microscopy of the kidney were observed. Results: SRE showed significant decrease in the 24hrs proteinuria, serum triglyceride, BUN, TNF-$\alpha$, IL-6, serum IgA, IgM and IgG levels compared with the control group. SRE showed increase in the serum IL-10 and IFN-$\gamma$ levels compared with control on RT-PCR. SRE considerably decreased in the thickening of the GBM on H&E staining and deposition of electron-density on electron microscopy of the kidney compared with the control. Conclusions: According to the above results, it is suggested that SRE decreases the symptoms of MN induced by cBSA in mouse model. Therefore, SRE seems to be applicable to MN in clinical practice.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.133-138
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• 2011

This study was undertaken to investigate the hematological and biochemical changes in experimentally infected goats with Besnoitia caprae from the time of infection till 360 days post-infection (PI). Six male goats were inoculated subcutaneously with $13{\times}10^7$ bradyzoites of B. caprae, and blood samples were collected from the jugular vein. The total erythrocyte and total leukocyte counts, hematocrit value, and differential leukocyte counts were determined. Serum biochemical analysis, including the total protein, albumin, total globulin, cholesterol, triglyceride, chloride, testosterone, calcium ($Ca^{2+}$), inorganic phosphorus, sodium ($Na^+$), potassium ($K^+$), iron ($Fe^{2+}$), glucose, serum amyloid A (SAA), haptoglobin (Hp), fibrinogen, ceruloplasmin, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and alkaline phosphatase, was undertaken. Skin biopsy from the limbs were collected at weekly intervals and histologically examined for Besnoitia cysts. Cysts were present in the skin biopsies of the leg of the infected goats from day 28 PI. There were variations in hematological analyses, but no significant difference was seen. From day 30 to 360 PI, results showed that SAA, Hp, fibrinogen, and ceruloplasmin concentrations increased, whereas testosterone concentrations decreased. Infected goats exhibited decrease of albumin and increase of serum total protein and globulin concentrations. By contrast, there were no significant differences in the remained analyses concentrations.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.162-168
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• 1992

Release characteristics of five different types of hydrophilic albumin microspheres (HAM) containing different ratios of methotrexate-albumin (MTX-HSA) conjugates to free MTX: 1 : 0 (HAMC), 3 :1 (HAMC 3F), 1 :1 (HAMCF), 1:3 (HAMCF3) and 0 : 1 (HAMF) were investigated in the absence or presence of protease using dissolution tester. In all the HAMs studied except HAMC, the MTX was released bi-exponentially in the absence of protease; an initial fast release period up to approximately 6h, and thereafter the release rate was very much slower. The fast release of MTX from the HAMs (such as HAMC3F, HAMCF, HAMCF3 and HAMF) at the initial phase in probably due to the release of "physically associated" MTX from the core of the HAMs. The initial rate constants were 7.2, 8.7, 8.5 and 5.9 times greater than the second rate constants for HAMF, HAMCF3, HAMCF and HAMC3F, respectively. MTX release from HAMC was very slow and mono-phasic. It was at most 2.2% of the total entrapped amount by 24 h. The protease accelerated the release of MTX from the HAMs. The percentages of MTX released from HAMs up to 24 h were 100, 89.0, 75.0, 66.0 and 61.0% for HAMF, HAMCF3, HAMCF, HAMC3F and HAMC, respectively in the presence of protease and the corresponding values in the absence of protease were 30.2 19.0, 10.0, 6.5 and 2.2%, respectively. In vitro release of MTX in the presence of protease varied according to the ratios of MTX-HSA conjugates to MTX; the data set from HAMF, HAMCF3 and HAMCF fits better to monophasic first-order profile more adequately than to zero-order profile, that of HAMC3 monophasic first-order, and that of HAMC to bi-phasic zero-order. Above results suggested that zero-order release rate can be achieved by adjusting the ratio of MTX-HSA conjugates to MTX in the preparation of HAMs such as HAMC3F.as HAMC3F.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.69-76
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• 1984

In order to obtain high proportion of Y sperm the semen was laid over 6%,10% and 20% bovine serum albumin. Separated sperm were stained with quinacrine mustard in order to see F - body which could be seen in human Y sperm. But we could'nt find F-body in the bull sperm. So sperm were compared with size of sperm head. As a result of observation separated sperm was small in size of length and width of sperm head as compared with control sperm. So it was found that the proportion of Y sperm showed a marked increase in separated layer. Then the higher albumin density was, the higher the proportion of Y sperm which had smaller head and faster motility was. But the higher albumin density was, the lower the recovery rate of sperm was. So it was hard to separate Y sperm in oligospermia.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.185-193
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• 2017

Malnutrition is common and the major risk factor of mortality of end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The aim of this study is to assess nutritional status of malnutrition patients on dialysis by various methods and compare nutritional parameters of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients with hemodialysis patients. 137 patients on dialysis from April 2009 to July 2013 were enrolled. Nutritional parameters of 66 CAPD and 71 hemodialysis patients were investigated by anthropometry, biochemical study, diet analysis and questionnaires. Malnutrition patients were selected by body mass index (BMI), serum albumin and pre-albumin based on International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism (ISRNM) diagnostic criteria for protein-energy wasting and compared with non-malnutrition patients. In comparison of CAPD and hemodialysis patients, most anthropometric values showed no significant difference except total body water (TBW). TBW was lower in CAPD patients (P=0.024). Although serum albumin was slightly higher in hemodialysis patients (P=0.047), pre-albumin were significantly higher in CAPD patients (P=0.000). Serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) was higher in hemodialysis patients (P=0.000). In diet analysis, Total calorie (P=0.000) and total cholesterol (P=0.012) intakes were higher in CAPD patients. Mean subjective global assessment (SGA) grade was higher in CAPD patients (P=0.003). Several nutritional parameters of CAPD patients were better than hemodialysis patients implying more intensive therapeutic approach may be needed for hemodialysis patients. We have to understand multiple factors contributing malnutrition of ESRD patients and individualized therapeutic approach is needed.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.287-291
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• 2007

The factors and mechanisms by infection of Oriental Tsutsugamushi caused disease are not well understood. The onset of tsutsugamushi disease is characterized by chilliness, fever, malaise, headache and generalized aching. Infection of tsutsugamushi is the cause of impairment of function of a major organ often complicate the picture and immediately change the prognosis for the worse. Tsutsugamushi disease is reported that this disease is characterized by the histopathogenesis of liver, kidney, heart, and lung, but the variation of biochemical components in serum of tsutsugamushi disease patient are not clear. We analyzed total protein (TP), albumin (AL), aspartic aminotranferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphotase (ALP), urea nitrogen (UN), creatinine (CRE), glucose (GLD), cholesterol (CHOL) and total bilirubin (TB) in sera of patients with tsutsugamushi disease. In comparison with reference, total protein and albumin were abnormally decreased in 19.6% and 39.2% of patients, respectively. AST, ALT, ALP, creatinine, UN, glucose, cholesterol and total bilirubin were abnormally increased in 94.1 %, 72.5%, 25.5%, 15.7%, 9.8%, 62.7%, 25.5% and 6.0% of patients, respectively. The patients showed abnormal relative rate of protein electrophoretic fractions to total protein in serum compared to them of reference were 43.1% (albumin), 12.9% ($\alpha_1$-globulin), 58.8% ($\alpha_2$-globulin), 60.8% ($\beta$-globulin) and 70.6% ($\gamma$-globulin), respectively. These data suggest that infection of Oriental Tsutsugamushi causes impairment of function of a major organ and abnormal serum protein electrophoresis fractions to tsutsugamushi patients.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.187-198
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• 1975

Although considerable research has been done on the blood chemistry of domestic animals, little work has been made of the changes associated with age. Moreover, the records about physiology of the goat were not much available in Korea, and a comprehensive survey of the blood values of the Korean native goat has not been made. The object of the present investigation was to make good this deficiency and to suggest standards for the blood chemical values of Korean native goats from birth to maturity. The goats were kept under average farming conditions in Korea. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein at birth, at one and four days, at one, two, three and four weeks, and at two, three, six, nine and twelve months of age. The results obtained in this work were summarized as follows: 1. The highest concentration of serum glucose was observed at birth and it decreased gradually until three months of age, showing a steady state thereafter. 2. The concentration of total serum protein was a little higher at one day of age than at birth and showed a steady state until seven days of age; then it decreased slightly at two weeks of age and recovered at three weeks of age and showed a steady state until twelve months of age. The concentration of serum albumin was increased a little at one day of age and revealed a steady state thereafter. The concentration of serum globulin showed three phases - a fall during the first two weeks to reach minimum, a rise to the fourth week, and a fall at two months of age, showing a steady state thereafter. The lowest value of albumin fraction was observed at birth, then the value increased gradually until three months of age and revealed a stealer state thereafter. The highest value of globulin fraction was observed at birth, then the gradual decrease of the value was seen until three months of age; thereafter the value showed a steady state. 3. Albumin/globulin ratio was the minimum at birth, then it increased to reach a maximum at two weeks of age and decreased a little thereafter. 4. The concentration of total serum cholesterol showed a gradual increase during the first three months and fell to reach adult revel at six months of age. 5. Urea nitrogen in serum decreased during the first week to reach a minimum, then it increased at three months of age, and showed a fell to mature level at six mouths of age. 6. The concentration of serum creatinine was not affected by age. 7. The concentration of total serum calcium was a little higher during the first two weeks than the other period during the first year of life. 8. The concentration of serum inorganic phosphorus showed a gradual rise to reach a maximum and a gradual fall to reach adult level at nine months of age. 9. No significant sex differences of serum chemical values were recognized.