• KSBB Journal
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.92-95
• /
• 1992

A model for the role of serum was proposed to develop a low serum medium for the large scale cu1ture of mammalian cell. The strategy of medium development adopted in this study facilitated the understanding of the role being carried out by the serum in the culture of hybridoma KAl12 cell line. In this model, the serum components were divided into two main groups : the first group encompasses the nutrient factors that determine the maximum cell density and the second group includes the growth factors that regulate the cell growth rate, The model prediction was compared with the experimental results. The model enabled us to find out several useful aspects of medium composition for cell growth. 1) One particular component in the basal medium became limiting factor when serum concentration level was more than 7%. 2) The growth regulating factors and nutrient factors limited the cell growth at 3% and 5% serum concentration levels respectively.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.519-528
• /
• 2003

A survey was conducted in certain parts of Haryana to record the prevalence of micro mineral deficiency in buffaloes. The prevalence of soil Cu, Co, Zn and Fe deficiency was 55.26%, 6.9%, 59.12% and 7.89% respectively. While that of fodder Cu, Co, Zn and Fe was 60.64%, 6.7%, 61.22% and 11.37% respectively. The overall prevalence of serum Cu, Co, Zn and Fe deficiency in Haryana was 59.2%, 19.1%, 59.2% and 19.9% respectively. The correlation co-efficient of Cu, Co, Zn and Fe in soil, fodder and serum was significant in most of the cases the values were above 0.8. Blood examination revealed significant decrease in haemoglobin and TEC level. However, no variation in level of TLC were observed in mineral deficient buffaloes. In micro mineral deficiency, thyroid hormone (T3 and T4) levels were decreased in buffaloes. Marginally lower concentration of vitamin A and E were observed in mineral deficient buffaloes in Haryana. The highest deficiency of micro minerals was 61.76% in copper at Ambala followed by 65.86% in zinc at Rhotak. For therapeutic studies a mineral mixture was prepared according to defiency obtained and fed to three groups of animals. Observation was recorded on 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days. Group A consist of normal healthy animals and group B mineral deficient animal untreated and group C mineral deficient animal, treated with prepared mineral mixture. 25 gram of mineral mixture was fed daily along with normal ration. There was increase in body weight, milk yield, haemoglobin concentration and total erythrocyte level in group C animals when compared to group B animals. The milk yield in group C animals increased to 6.970${\pm}$0.41 after 60th day of supplement in comparison to 0 day where it was 5.910${\pm}$0.37, similarly the body wt. of group C animals increased from 129.42${\pm}$01.13 (at 0 day) to 159.31${\pm}$03.61 at 60th day of treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.196-201
• /
• 1983

This experiment was undertaken to determine the effect of several levels of cadmium on growth and some mineral concentrations in the serum, tibia and teeth of rats. The results obtained are summarized as follows. Growth rate was significantly decreased as the feeding level of cadmium increased, especially body weight in the 40 ppm level was greatly reduced than that of initial body weight. The weight of liver was increased in 40 ppm group as a result of edema. But the weight of kidney, heart, spleen, lung and testis was not affected. The cadmium concentration of serum was higher in rats receiving 40 ppm than that of other levels, and the concentrations of iron, zinc, copper, magnesium and calcium were decreased as the cadmium content of drinking water increased. The cadmium and phosphorus contents of tibia were greatly high in the 40 ppm level, but the content of iron copper, zinc, magnesium, calcium and ash tended to be decreased with increasing level of cadmium. The cadmium concentration of teeth was predominantly high compared with that of the serum and tibia. Also, the concentration of iron, copper and zinc tended to be dedrased with increasing cadmium level, but the contents of magnesium, calcium and ash tended to be increased.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.44 no.6
• /
• pp.719-726
• /
• 2002

Nutritional adequacy of growing Thoroughbred horses raised in an alternate feeding system - grazing during late spring through late fall and stable feeding for the rest of seasons - was assessed by determining vitamin E and trace mineral levels in the serum and blood chemistry related to nutrition and health. During the stable feeding in winter and early spring, 50 growing female horses were fed concentrates (1.4% of their body weight), grass hay (0.62%) and alfalfa hay (0.37%). For the grazing period, the same horses were fed supplementary concentrates (1.1%) during late spring through early summer, and concentrates (1.1%) and alfalfa hay (0.5%) during late summer through late fall. Blood samples were collected before grazing in early spring, and during grazing in early summer through late fall. Serum vitamin E, BUN, GTP, total bilirubin and direct bilirubin levels were increased (P<0.01) by grazing compared to those measured before the initiation of grazing. Horses had lower (P<0.01) serum Fe contents in early summer than in late fall or in time of stable feeding. Stable feeding increased (P<0.01) serum Cu content compared to grazing in both early summer and late fall. In late fall, serum Zn level increased (P<0.01) compared to that found in the other seasons. Blood glucose and creatinine levels decreased (P<0.01) after grazing. Results indicate that supplementations of some minerals and vitamin E are not always necessary in diets for growing horses and should be done after careful evaluation of diets with regard to concentrations and biological availability of minerals.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.639-644
• /
• 2011

A simple and highly sensitive chemiluminescence method to determine norfloxacin (NFLX) has been proposed by measuring the chemiluminescence (CL) intensities using a flow injection (FI) system. The CL intensity of the luminol-$H_2O_2$ system is strongly enhanced by the addition of Cu (II) in alkaline condition. The CL intensity is substantially increased after the injection of NFLX into the luminol-$H_2O_2$-Cu (II) system. The enhancement effect is attributed to a catalytic effect of Cu (II) due to the interaction with NFLX which forms a complex with the catalyst. Under the optimal conditions, the sensitizing effect of the CL intensity is proportional to the concentration of NFLX in the range of $1.5{\times}10^{-9}-5.9{\times}10^{-7}molL^{-1}$ (r = 0.9994) with a detection limit ($3{\sigma}$) of $2.98{\times}10^{-10}molL^{-1}$. The proposed method had good reproducibility with the relative standard deviation (RSD, n = 5) of 1.6% for $1{\times}10^{-7}molL^{-1}$ of NFLX. The possible reaction mechanism of the CL reaction is also discussed. This method has been successfully applied for the determination of trace amount of NFLX in pharmaceutical preparations and serum samples.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.10 no.5
• /
• pp.471-477
• /
• 1997

A study detennined whether certain biochemical and physiological variables were altered during marginal Zn deficiency. Ten weaned crossbred Hereford Angus heifer calves, weighing $163{\pm}2kg$, were utilized. Five calves were fed a Zn - deficient (- Zn) brome-alfalfa hay diet containing 17 mg Zn/kg diet DM, and five calves were fed a Zn-adequate (+Zn) diet with 23 mg Zn/kg diet DM from $ZnSO_4$ added to the - Zn diet (total diet, 40 mg Zn/kg diet DM), for 32 d. At 21 d the - Zn calves had a reduction (p < .05) in feed efficiency. By 25 d, plasma Zn and alkaline phosphatase concentrations were reduced (p < .05) in the - Zn calves. Blood urea nitrogen, glucose, insulin, IGF-I, Cu plasma concentration and Zn and Cu concentrations of red blood cell (RBC) and liver were not altered (p > .05) by the - Zn diet through 25 d. In response to a single i. m. injection of dexamethasone (20 mg) on d 25, calves fed the two dietary Zn amounts showed no changes (p > .05) in plasma or RBC Zn and Cu concentrations, serum IGF-I, insulin, and glucose when measured at 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after injection. In response to an intradermal injection of phytohemagglutinin on d 30, cell mediated immune (CMI) response was reduced (p < .05) in the - Zn calves. These observations indicate that during a marginal Zn deficiency in calves, there was a decrease in feed efficiency, plasma Zn, serum alkaline phosphatase, and CMI response.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
• /
• v.5 no.1 s.8
• /
• pp.81-90
• /
• 2002

This dissertation was designed to evaluate the effect of BCL(refinded Bambusae Caulis in Liqua-men) oral administration and herbal acupuncture on alcohol metabolism and liver function. For this study. mice were damaged by a large quantity of alcohol and received treatment of either BCL 1 mg/kg in oral or BCL 250㎍/kg in herbal acupuncture-BL18 . BL19 bilateral. and then such parameters as GOT. GPT. catalase and superoxide dismustase(CuZn-SOD, Mn-SOD) were measured. The results of the experiments were summarized as follows. 1. Compared with control group, the proper degree of alcohol in serum was not significantly differ from oral administration group and herbal acupuncture group. 2. Compared with control group. the activity of GOT in serum was significantly reduced both oral administration and herbal acupuncture group. 3. Compared with control group. the activity of GPT in serum was significantly reduced both oral administration and herbal acupuncture group. 4. The activity of catalase in liver cell tissue, compared with control group. was not sigificantly affected either by oral administration and herbal acupuncture group. 5. The activity of CuZn-SOD in liver cell tissue was not significantly change in herbal acupuncture and oral administration group. The activity of Mn-SOD was significantly increased in oral administration group. while it was not the case in acupuncture group. In conclusion. we consider that BCL oral administration and herbal acupuncture is highly effetive in recovering alcohol metabolism and liver disfunction induced by alcohol.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.389-397
• /
• 1989

This study was designed to investigate the effects of dietary protein level on Pb, Fe, and Cu accumulation of the tissue of the Pb-administered rats. The dietary protein levels were 6% 15%, and 40% and the lead-exposed rats were given 2,000 ppm-Pb drinking water solution. After 3 weeks, half of the each group rats were sacrificed and the rest were sacrificed 4 weeks later. Hematocrit, hemoglobin, R8C content in blood were lower in Pb-administered groups than in Pb-free group. Protein levels of serum and liver in 6% casein Pb-administered group were lower than in control group. Pb contents of serum, liver, and kidney were significantly increased in 6% casein-Pb administered group. Fe contents of serum and kidney were increased in 40% casein Pb-administered group, whereas in liver, 6% casein Pb-administered group was higher than others.

• Journal of Radiopharmaceuticals and Molecular Probes
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.54-60
• /
• 2019

Sentinel lymph node (SLN) imaging plays an important role in surgery of patients with breast cancer and melanoma. In this study, avidin (Av), a tetrameric protein glycosylated with mannose and N-acetylglucosamine molecules, was labeled with $^{64}Cu$ and then evaluated for LN imaging. $^{64}Cu$-Labeled $NeutrAvidin^{TM}$ (NAv), a non-glycosylated form of Av, was used for comparison. 1,4,7,10-Tetraazacyclododecane-N,N',N'',N'''-tetraacetic acid (DOTA)-conjugated Av and NAv were prepared from the corresponding proteins and DOTA-NHS ester, which were then labeled with copper-64 and purified using PD-10 columns. The numbers of DOTA molecules conjugated to Av and NAv were 4.9 and 3.3, respectively. [$^{64}Cu$]Cu-DOTA-conjugated Av and NAv were prepared in 93% and 73% radiochemical yields, respectively. In vitro serum stability study showed that copper-64 remained stable on all radiotracers for 24 h (>97%). MicroPET/CT images showed that high radioactivity was accumulated in LNs within 15 min after footpad-injection of radiotracers. Tissue distribution data of mice demonstrated significantly higher uptake in the popliteal (PO) LN than lumbar (LU) LN for $^{64}Cu$-labeled Av (relative % ID/g excluding the injection sites: 66.2% and 26.0%, respectively) compared with those of $^{64}Cu$-labeled NAv (43.0% and 49.2%, respectively). The results of this study suggest that mannose molecules on Av enabled the radiotracer to retain in the first LN after mouse footpad-injection.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.252-261
• /
• 2023

Glucose detection is particularly important for clinical diagnosis and personal prevention and control. Herein, the smartphone-based amperometric glucose sensors were constructed using the NiS/CuS nanorods (NRs) as sensing electrodes. The NiS/CuS NRs were prepared through a facile hydrothermal process accompanied by the subsequent vulcanization treatment. The morphological and structural properties of NiS/CuS NRs were characterized with SEM, EDS, XRD, and XPS. Electrochemical measurements including cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy display that NiS/CuS NRs can act as highly efficient electrocatalyst for glucose detection. The NiS/CuS NRs electrodes present a wide detection range of 1-8000 µM for glucose sensing with the sensitivity of 956.38 µA·mM^-1·cm^-2. The detection limit was 0.35 µM (S/N=3). When employed in smartphone-based glucose sensing device, they also display a high sensitivity of 738.09 µA·mM^-1·cm^-2 and low detection limit of 1.67 µM. Moreover, the smartphone-based glucose sensing device also presents favorable feasibility in determination of glucose in serum samples with the recoveries ranging between 99.5 and 105.8%. The results may provide a promising viewpoint to design other new portable glucose sensors.