• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.939-944
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• 2016

Background: Cell-free DNA circulating in blood is a candidate biomarker for malignant tumors. Unlike uniformly truncated DNA released from apoptotic non diseased cells, DNA released from necrotic cancer cells varies in size. Objectives: To measure the DNA integrity index in serum and the absolute DNA concentration to assess their clinical utility as potential serum biomarkers for colorectal carcinoma (CRC) compared to CEA and CA19-9. Materials and Methods: Fifty patients with CRC, 10 with benign colonic polyps and 20 healthy sex and age matched volunteers, were investigated by real time PCR of ALU repeats (ALU q-PCR) using two sets of primers (115 and 247 bp) amplifying different lengths of DNA fragments. The DNA integrity index was calculated as the ratio of q-PCR results of ALU 247/ALU 115bp. Results: Serum DNA integrity was statistically significantly higher in CRC patients compared to the benign and control groups (p<0.001). ROC curves for differentiating CRC patients from normal controls and benign groups had areas under curves of 0.90 and 0.85 respectively. Conclusions: The DNA integrity index is superior to the absolute DNA concentration as a potential serum biomarker for screening and diagnosis of CRC. It may also serve as an indicator for monitoring the progression of CRC patients. Combining CEA and CA19-9 with either of the genetic markers studied is better than either of them alone.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.41-48
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• 1985

In the present studies, the effects of dietary high-potassium and high-urea on the metabolism of magnesium, calcium and potassium were checked as an aid to clarify the pathogenesis of hypomagnesaemia(so-called grass tetany) in ruminant. A total of 5 Korean native female goats kept in metabolic cage were received high-potassium(Mg: 0.25%, Ca: 0.94%, K: 5.41%), high-urea(Mg: 0.25%, Ca: 0.94%, K: 0.72%) or control(Mg: 0.25%, Ca: 0.94, K: 0.72%) ration for 15 or 21 days. Daily intakes, fecal and urinary excretions and serum concentrations of magnesium, calcium and potassium were measured with an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results obtained were summarized as follows: In high-potassium group, absorption, urinary excretion and serum concentration of magnesium were significantly (p<0.01, p<0.01 and p<0.05 respectively) decreased compared with the control group. On the other hand, the body retention was significantly (p<0.01) increased. However, no clinical symptom of hypomagnesaemic tetany was observable throughout the experimental period. No significant effects on the metabolism and seurm content of calcium were detected in the high-potassium group. In the high-potassium group, significant increase in absorption (p<0.01), urinary excretion (p<0.05) and body retention (p<0.01) of potassium were recognized. However, no significant difference in the concentration of serum was observable between the two groups. In high-urea group, no significant difference in the metabolism of magnesium and potassium or in the serum content were recognized compared with the control group. In high-urea group, tthe absorption, urinary excretion, body retention and serum content of calcium were decreased compared with the control group.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.3425-3428
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• 2015

Objective: To explore the association of serum tumor abnormal protein (TAP) with other serological biomarkers e.g. carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) and its clinical application in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Methods: Patients (N=98) were enrolled into this study with histologically or cytologically confirmed CRC. Using a test kit, the level of TAP was determined, while chemiluminescence was used to measure the levels of some other common serological biomarkers e.g. CEA, CA125 and CA19-9. Results: The area of TAP condensed particulate matter decreased after chemotherapy compared with before chemotherapy when CT or MRI scans showed disease control. In contrast, it increased with disease progression (P<0.05). Furthermore, a statistically significant difference was confirmed in monitoring of TAP and common serological biomarkers e.g. CEA and CA19-9 (p<0.05). Conclusions: Detecting TAP in CRC patients has high sensitivity and specificity and can be used as a new independent indicator for clinically monitoring CRC patients in the course of chemotherapy.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.28-31
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• 2000

An animall health monitoring system in Gyeongnam area(near Chinju) was studied to analysis of biochemical risk factors in 617 herds. Clinical serum factors such as glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase(GOT), glutamate pyruvate transaminase(GPT), Ca, P, Mg, glucose, and cholesterol were measured with automatic biochemical analyzer(Ra-X7T Techmmicon, USA). In serum analysis, 613 cattle were within normal llimits(GOT: 9.5-85 IU-dl, GPT: 25-77IU/dl, total protein: 5.8-8.5g/dl, Ca: 4.2-12.4mg/dl, P: 4.6-9.7mg/dl, Mg: 1.5-3.0mg/dl, glucose: 48-120mg/dl, Cholesterol: 70-170mg/dl), the other cattle showed high glucose and high cholesterol level. It is proposed that clinical serum factors to be estimated may be valuable for developing of animal health monitoring system model.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권23호
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• pp.10267-10272
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• 2015

To evaluate the value of combined detection of serum CEA, CA19-9, CA24-2, AFP, CA72-4, SCC, TPA and TPS for the clinical diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal tract (GIT) cancer and to analyze the efficacy of these tumor markers (TMs) in evaluating curative effects and prognosis. A total of 573 patients with upper GIT cancer between January 2004 and December 2007 were enrolled in this study. Serum levels of CEA, CA19-9, CA24-2, AFP, CA72-4, SCC, TPA and TPS were examined preoperatively and every 3 months postoperatively by ELISA. The sensitivity of CEA, CA19-9, CA24-2, AFP, CA72-4, SCC, TPA and TPS were 26.8%, 36.2%, 42.9%, 2.84%, 25.4%, 34.6%, 34.2% and 30.9%, respectively. The combined detection of CEA+CA199+CA242+CA724 had higher sensitivity and specificity in gastric cancer (GC) and cardiac cancer, while CEA+CA199+CA242+SCC was the best combination of diagnosis for esophageal cancer (EC). Elevation of preoperative CEA, CA19-9 and CA24-2, SCC and CA72-4 was significantly associated with pathological types (p<0.05) and TNM staging (p<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that CA24-2 was significantly correlated with CA19-9 (r=0.810, p<0.001). The levels of CEA, CA19-9, CA24-2, CA72-4 and SCC decreased obviously 3 months after operations. When metastasis and recurrence occurred, the levels of TMs significantly increased. On multivariate analysis, high preoperative CA72-4, CA24-2 and SCC served as prognostic factors for cardiac carcinoma, GC and EC, respectively. combined detection of CEA+CA199+CA242+SCC proved to be the most economic and practical strategy in diagnosis of EC; CEA+CA199+CA242+CA724 proved to be a better evaluation indicator for cardiac cancer and GC. CEA and CA19-9, CA24-2, CA72-4 and SCC, examined postoperatively during follow-up, were useful to find early tumor recurrence and metastasis, and evaluate prognosis. AFP, TPA and TPS have no significant value in diagnosis of patients with upper GIT cancer.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.833-839
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• 2005

본 연구는 난소절제 휜쥐를 이용하여 저$(0.1\%)$ 및 정상 $(0.5\%)$ 칼슘 식 이 에 대두 이소플라본 첨가수준을 달리 하여 급여했을 때 뼈 무기질 함량에 미치는 영향을 조사했으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 체중은 난소절제에 의해 증가하였고 식이 칼슘 및 대두 이소플라본의 첨가에 따른 효과는 없었다. 혈청 칼슘 농도는 난소절제, 식이 칼슘 및 대두 이소플라본에 의해 변화되지 않았으며 혈청 인의 농도는 정상 칼슘 식이 급여시 감소하였으나 정상 범위였고, 대두 이소플라본은 이에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 혈청 ALP활성은 난소절제에 의해 증가하였는데,그 정도는 저 칼슘 식이군에서 더 높았고 대두 이소플라본은 이를 변화시키지 못하였다. 혈청 TrACP활성은 난소절제, 식이 칼슘 및 대두 이소플라본에 따른 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 대퇴골 및 요추골의 무게 및 크기는 난소절제, 식이 칼슘, 대두 이소플라본에 의해 영향을 받지 않았다. 대퇴골의 파단력은 난소절제 에 의해 변화되지 않았으나 식이 칼슘은 이를 증가시켰다. 대퇴골 및 요추 골의 칼슘과 인의 함량은 난소절제에 의해 감소하였고 대두 이소플라본 80 ppm 첨가는 이를 증가시켰다. 식이 칼슘의 영향은 요추골에서 나타나 정상 칼슘식이를 급여했을 때 요추골의 칼슘과 인의 함량을 증가시켰다. 대두 이소플라본 160 ppm첨가는 뼈의 칼슘과 인의 함량을 증가시키지 않았다 이상의 결과로부터 난소절제한 흰쥐에서 대두 이소플라본 80 ppm을 첨가한 식이를 급여하면 뼈의 무기질 함량을 증가시킬 수 있으며 이런 효과는 식이 칼슘이 정상일 때 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 대두 이소플라본의 첨가는 폐경성 골다공증을 예방하는데 유효하며 섭취하는 칼슘이 결핍되지 않을 때 그 효과가 더 높을 가능성을 제시하였다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.232-241
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• 1988

This study was to investigate the effect of calcium supplementation on the reduction of blood pressure in normotensive young adults. Fortyseven healthy college students(23 male and 24 female) were divided into Ca and placebo groups, and were orally given with calcium(1g/day, 2.5g as CaCO3) and placebo, respectively, for 20 weeks. Blood pressure was measured by Korotokoff method in seated position every two weeks. Average daily dietary calcium intakes of the subjects were 626-643mg in men and 513-552mg in women. Average initial level of serum calcium of the subjects belonged to normal range. 1. Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure(SBP and DBP) of Ca group showed significant continuously decreasing tendency from 6-8 weeks until final 20 weeks of the supplementation in both men and women. But placebo groups did not. Comparing with the basal value, reduction of SBP and DBP after 20 weeks were 6.53$\pm$4.30%(8.9mmHg) and 8.10$\pm$3.30%(7.4mmHg) in men, and 6.56$\pm$2.41%(8.1mmHg) and 7.33$\pm$3.75%(6.2mmHg) in women. The blood pressure lowering effect of calcium supplementation seemed to be greater in the subjects with higher basal SBP. 2. Serum calcium was significantly increased by calcium supplementation in both men and women, and showed significant negative correlation with SBP(r=-.213) and DBP(r=-.301) in women. Serum Ca/Mg ratio of Ca group was also elevated and showed significant negative correlation with SBP(r=-.174) and DBP(r=-.194) in total subjects. 3. Urinary excretion of Na did not show any significant changes by calcium supplementation in both men and women and showed no correlations with blood pressures.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제29권9호
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• pp.950-957
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• 1996

This study was designed to investigate the effects of caffeine intake on Ca and P metabolism in ovariectomized rats. For this purpose, the ovariectomized female rats weighing 230.8$\pm$3.5g were divided into four groups, eight rats each ; control, low caffeine(LC), medium caffeine(MC)and high caffeine(HC) groups. They were supplied for six weeks with the caffeine of 0mg, 66.8mg, 167mg and 334mg per kilogram of diet, respectively, and the results are summarized as follows. 1) There were no significant differences in feed intake, feed efficiency ratio and body weight change among all of experimental groups. But liver weight(both total weight and weight/body weight) was significantly decreased by caffeine in MC group. 2) The weight of tibia was decreased by caffeine intake in MC and HC groups. But the length, Ca and P content of tibia and femur was not changed in all of caffeine groups. 3) Ca, PTH and calcitonin levels in serum were not affected by caffeine. While, serum P level in HC group was significantly increased as compared with the control. 4) The fecal excretion of Ca and P tended to be higher in the caffeine groups, and as the result, the absorption rate, retention and retention rate of Ca and P tended to be decreased. It was noteworthy that P retention was significantly lowered in HC group as compared with LC group. The results showed that, when caffeine was taken by ovarietomized rats, the weight of tibia was decreased and the retention rate of Ca and P tended to be lowered. Therefore, too much intake of caffeine for women whose bone mineral density of tibia is decreased after postmenopause seems to accelerate the decrease of bone mineral density due to the negative effect on metabolism of Ca and P.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.104-111
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• 2003

Purpose: The prognostic significance of peri-operative serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen (CA)19-9 determination in patients with gastric cancer has been controversial. This study was performed to evaluate the significance of CEA and CA19-9 as clinical predictors of prognosis. Materials and Methods: The correlations between peri-operative serum CEA/CA19-9 levels and clinicopathologic factors were evaluated retrospectively in gastric cancer patients who had undergone curative surgery during the period from January 1995 to December 1998 at the Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine. Results: The positive rates for CEA and CA19-9 were $17.9\%$ and $18.4\%$, respectively. The CEA positivity was related to the depth of invasion (P=0.040), lymph-node metastasis (P=0.000), and stage (P=0.001). The CA19-9 positivity was significantly related to the depth of invasion (P=0.000), lymph-node status (P=0.000), and stage (P=0.000). The positive rate of combined assay of pre-operative CEA and CA19-9 was $30.0\%$ There were statistically significant correlations with stage, depth of invasion, or degree of lymphnode metastasis in the combined assay. The survival rates according to the positivity of CEA and to the positivity of CA19-9 were clearly different (P=0.000). Conclusion: It should be stressed that even a simple blood test prior to surgery could be useful in establishing the depth of invasion, the status of lymph-node involvement, and the prognosis. For improved survival, an aggressive lymphadenectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy should be considered for patients with positive levels of pre-operative CA19- 9.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.324-332
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• 1988

Effects of a change in dietary Ca content and an alteration in dietary lipid type on lipid metabolism have been investigated in male Sprague-Dawley rats. The results obtained were summarized as follows ; 1) There was no comparable changes in food consumption and body weight gain among all 9 groups. 2) Serum total lipids and cholesterol were lowest when high Ca-corn all diet was fed, and highest when low Ca-butter diet was fed. 3) The contents of total lipids and cholesterol per g liver and total liver showed no consistent tendency with the dietary treatment. 4) Addition of Ca to the diet caused the significant increase in the dry fecal matter and fecal Ca. And fecal total lipids and fecal cholesterol were much greater if the high-Ca diet was fed than if control and low-Ca diet were fed. It is concluded that Ca and polyunsaturated acids have tendency of hypocholesterolemic effect.