• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.429-438
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• 1990

건강한 개의 혈액세포와 골수세포의 세포화학적 특성을 조사하였다. 이 실험에서 혈액과 골수 시료에 항응고제를 일체사용하지 않았으며 시료채취후 즉시 도말표본을 작성하여 30분 이내에 반응을 실시하였다. 이 실험의 결과는 아래와 같다. 1. alkaline phosphatase의 활성은 호산구계통과 간혹 전골수구에서 양성반응을 나타내었다. 2. acid phosphatase의 활성은 대부분의 계통의 세포에서 양성반응을 나타내지만 tartrate로 억제하면 호산구계만 양성반응을 나타내었다. 3. peroxidase 활성은 골수구계통의 모든 세포에서 양성반응을 나타내며 단구에서는 미약한 양성의 미세과립을 나타내었다. 4. naphthyl-AS-D-chloroacetate esterase활성은 호중구계 세포에서만 양성을 나타낸다. 5. $\alpha$-naphthyl acetate esterase활성은 단구와 일부의 임파구에서 양성을 나타낸다 6. Sudan black B 염색은 골수구계 세포와 단구계 세포에서 양성을 나타내었다. 7. $\beta$-glucuronidase 활성은 적혈구계를 제외한 모든 세포에서 양성반응을 나타내었다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.1191-1194
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• 2005

The aim of this study was to investigate the change of Heart Rate Variability(HRV) that mild cold stimulus on the forehead of healthy men induces. 34 healthy male subjects participated in the experiments. On the first test series, 15 subjects were applied to the mild cold stimulus by the devise for cold stimulation. In the second test series, 10 subjects With heat Syndrome and 5 subjects With cold Syndrome were applied to the mild cold Stimulus. Aa a additional test, 4 subjects with cold syndrome were applied to the warm stimulus in the last test series. We analyzed the HRV through measuring electrocardiogram.(ECG). The result of this study is comparatively clear. In the first test series, mild cold stimulus made parasympathetic nervous system be activated. In the second test series, mild cold stimulus made parasympathetic nervous system be activated both in subjects with heat syndrome and subjects with cold syndrome, and heat syndrome shows more active parasympathetic nervous system rather than cold syndrome subjects do. In the last test series, 2 subjects with cold syndrome respond the mild cold stimulus. That means warm stimulus of cold condition subjects made parasympathetic nervous system active in 2 of 4 subjects. We found out that mild cold stimulus on forehead makes parasympathetic nervous system be activated in healthy male, and it can be interpreted that mild cold stimulus make healthy human be relaxed. Also, subjects have different fondness of thermal stimulus according to their Cold or Heat condition Preferences. Last test series shows that we need to investigate effect of the warm stimulus heat syndrome subjects.

• 센서학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.433-441
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• 2006

Because of the low power and low rate of a sensor network, outlier is frequently occurred in the time series data of sensor network. In this paper, we suggest periodic pattern analysis that is applied to the time series data of sensor network and predict outlier that exist in the time series data of sensor network. A periodic pattern is minimum period of time in which trend of values in data is appeared continuous and repeated. In this paper, a quantization and smoothing is applied to the time series data in order to analyze the periodic pattern and the fluctuation of each adjacent value in the smoothed data is measured to be modified to a simple data. Then, the periodic pattern is abstracted from the modified simple data, and the time series data is restructured according to the periods to produce periodic pattern data. In the experiment, the machine learning is applied to the periodic pattern data to predict outlier to see the results. The characteristics of analysis of the periodic pattern in this paper is not analyzing the periods according to the size of value of data but to analyze time periods according to the fluctuation of the value of data. Therefore analysis of periodic pattern is robust to outlier. Also it is possible to express values of time attribute as values in time period by restructuring the time series data into periodic pattern. Thus, it is possible to use time attribute even in the general machine learning algorithm in which the time series data is not possible to be learned.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.461-465
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• 2005

Characteristics of biological $CO_2$ fixation by Chlorella sp. HA-1 were investigated in a semi-continuous and series reactor system using an internally illuminated photobioreactor to overcome shortcomings of physicochemical technologies such as adsorption and membrane separation. High $CO_2$ fixation rate was achieved in the semi-continuous reactor system, in which the dilution ratios of the culture medium were controlled. The average $CO_2$ fixation rate was maintained almost constantly when the dilution ratio increased by 0.1 increment from the initial value of 0.5. The total removal efficiency of $CO_2$ was enhanced by employing a series reactor system. The average $CO_2$ fixation rate increased until 4.013 g $CO_2\;day^{-1}$ in a series operation of four reactors, compared to 0.986 g $CO_2\;day^{-1}$ in a batch operation mode. The total $CO_2$ fixation rate was proportional to the number of reactors used in the series reactor system. In the series reactor system of semi-continuous operation, a large amount of $CO_2$ was removed continuously for 30 days. These results showed that the present reactor systems are efficient and economically feasible for a biological $CO_2$ fixation.

• Selected Papers of The Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.76-90
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• 1993

A new propeller series is developed using the newly developed blade section (KH 18 section) which has better cavitation characteristics and higher lift-drag ratio at wade angle-of-attack range than a conventional section. The radial patch distribution of the new series propellers is variable stance they were designed adaptively to a typical wake distribution. Basic geometric particulars of the series propellers. such as chord length, thickness, skew and rake distributions, are determined on the basis of recent full scale propeller geometric data. The series is developed for propellers having 4 blades, and blade area ratios of 0.3, 0.45, 0.6 and 0.75. Mean pitch ratios are varied as 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.95 and 1.1 for each blade area ratio. The new propeller series consists of 20 propellers and is named as the KD(KRISO-DAEWOO)-propeller series. Propeller open-water tests are performed at the towing tank, and cavitation observation tests and fluctuating pressure tests are carried out at the cavitation tunnel of KRISO. $B_{p}-\delta$ curves, which can be used to select the optimum propeller diameter at the preliminary design stage, are derived from a regression analysis of the propeller open-water test results. The KD-cavitation chart is derived from the cavitation observation test results by choosing the local maximum lift coefficient and the local cavitation number as parameters. The cavity extent predicted by the KD-cavitation chart would be more accurate compared to that by an existing cavitation charts, such as the Burrll's cavitation chart, since the former is derived from the cavitation observation test results in a typical ship's wake, while the lather is derived from the test results in a uniform flow.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.622-636
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• 1997

Glass ionomer cements, which had been developed in 1972, were widely used as an agent for cementation, base, pit and fissure sealant, and esthetic filling material with the advantages of excellent biocompatibility, anti-cariogenic fluoride release. Specimens were made to evaluate the color change of Glass ionomer cement with a newly developed improved Fuji II Le. Specimens for color change study with cement thickness of 1, 2, 3mm were made and those for the study of color shift pattern were made with the assumption that new mid-shade can be made by mixing of equal amount of both shades in 2mm thickness. After 24 hours in a $37^{\circ}C$ incubator, CIELAB color spaces were evaluated with a spectrophotometer. The results were as follows ; 1. All specimens discolored to dark and blue with an increased thickness in all shades (p<0.05). 2. There were significant $a^*$ space (red-green direction) changes in every A, B, C, D shade series except the relationship between 1mm and 2mm thickness groups in B shade series. But the changes were irregular, i.e., each shade series has its own pattern. 3. Each shade series showed its own specific color shift pattern in all $L^*$, $a^*$, $b^*$ spaces. 4. B shade series showed less amont of changes in ${\Delta}{\pm}E$ than those of A and C shade series (p<0.05), but there was no significant difference in ${\Delta}E$ within each shade series.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.405-415
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• 2000

한 구조물에 작용하는 풍압력 시계열이 자기회귀 이동평균(ARMA) 모델을 사용하여 모델화 된다. AR 과정에서 시계열의 현재 값은 유한한 수의 이전 값들의 선형적 결합과 한 백색잡음에 의해 나타난다. MA 과정에서 시계열의 현재값은 유한한 수의 이전 백색잡음들에 선형적이다. ARMA 과정은 AR과 MA 과정의 결합이다. 본 논문에서, AR, MA와 ARMA 모델이 풍압력 시계열에 적용되고, 데이터를 나타내기에 가장 적합한 ARMA 모델을 선정하는 과정이 소개된다. 모델의 변수들은 최대 가능도법을 사용하여 산정되고, 압력 시계열의 시간적 복잡성의 척도인 모델 차수를 최적화하기 위해 AICC 모델 선정 기준이 사용된다. 또한, 모델의 유효성을 조사하기 위해 LBP 검사가 사용된다. 본 연구로부터, AR 과정이 풍압력 시계열을 나타내기에 가장 적합하다는 결론이 얻어진다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제20권11호
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• pp.1425-1435
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• 2011

Time-series change in Gyeongpo beach shoreline was illustrated using DGPS(Differential Global Positioning System, resolution < 0.6m) observation from April, 2009 to April, 2010. The shoreline was subdivided into 12 areas, and westward and eastward movement of shoreline position at each area was calculated. In general, the shoreline moved toward sea during summer, and it moved toward land during winter. The southern and northern part of the shoreline had different pattern in time-series. The shoreline in the southern part moved toward sea during summer and moved toward land during winter, but time-series pattern of the shoreline in the northern part was more complicated than that in the southern part. Pattern of time-series change in the northern part was made up of three different types; the first is that the shoreline moves continuously toward land, and the second thing is that the shoreline's movement is the opposite to the southern part, and the third thing is that the shoreline maintains a state of equilibrium without any great fluctuation. The total length of the shoreline was the largest during winter and the smallest during summer. In general, time-series change in the shoreline had positive(+) relationship with sea surface pressure and wind speed.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.25-33
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• 2009

최근 시계열 예측에 결론부에 선형식을 갖는 TS 퍼지 모델이 많이 이용되고 있는데, 이의 예측 성능은 정상성과 같은 데이터의 특성과 밀접한 관련이 있다. 그러므로 본 논문에서는 특히 비정상 시계열 예측에 매우 효과적인 새로운 예측 기법을 제안하였다. 시계열의 패턴이나 규칙성을 잘 끌어내기 위한 데이터 전처리 과정을 도입하고 다중 모델 TS 퍼지 예측기를 구성한 뒤, 러프집합을 이용한 적응 모델 선택 기법에 의해 입력 데이터의 특성에 따라 가변적으로 적합한 예측 모델을 선택하여 시계열 예측이 수행되도록 하였다. 마지막으로 예측 오차를 감소시키기 위하여 오차 보정 메커니즘을 추가함으로써 예측 성능을 더욱 향상시켰다. 시뮬레이션을 통해 제안된 기법의 성능을 검증하였다. 제안된 기법은 예측 모델 구현과 예측 수행 과정에서 시계열 데이터의 특성들을 잘 반영할 수 있으므로 불확실성과 비정상성을 갖는 시계열의 예측에 매우 효과적으로 이용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.67-79
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 시계열 공정데이터 관리를 위한 모델모수 기반 이상 탐지방법을 제안한다. 일반적인 공정관리에 널리 쓰이는 전통적인 통계적 관리기법의 관리도(SPC chart)는 측정되는 데이터가 특정 분포를 따르며 상관관계가 없는 상황을 가정한다. 따라서 공정데이터 형태가 시계열데이터와 같이 특정분포를 따르지 않고, 자기상관관계를 갖는다면 전통적인 관리도로는 관리에 한계를 보인다. 본 연구는 시계열을 따르는 공정의 이상을 탐지를 위한 MPBC(Model Parameter Based Control-chart) 방법을 제안한다. 제안된 MPBC는 시계열공정을 모델링하고, 모델모수의 변화를 감지하여 공정의 이상을 탐지하는 방법이다. 시계열 공정은 ARMA(p,q) 모델을 가정하며, RLS(Recursive Least Square)를 이용하여 시계열 모델의 모수를 추정하고, 추정된 모수를 $K^2$관리도로 관리한다. 제안된 방법은 기존 알고리즘과 비교하여 시계열 공정 변화 탐지에 우수한 성능을 보였으며 시계열 데이터에 있어서 보다 효율적인 공정관리 방향을 제시한다.