• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.19-29
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• 2002

Objectives: This study was to analysis of pain using visual analogue scale and self rating anxiety scale questionnaire. Methods: Questionnaire were completed by 83 adult patients of department relation to pain in hospitals of Daegu from June 20, to August 10, 2001. The information was used to estimate multiple regression for the pain and anxiety scale related factors association. Results: Women visual analogue scale 4.6 scores of mean was higher than man 4.3 scores. Man self rating anxiety scale 30.2 scores of mean was higher than women 26.8 scores. The scores of 6 months above was discomfort 51.8, 1 month below was mild 22.1%, 2-3 months was discomfort 10.5%, and 4-5 months was discomfort 9.3% in association between present pain index and duration. Conclusion: Visual analogue scale scores was significantly associated with frequency of present pain index. Self rating anxiety scale scores was significantly associated with frequency of occupation and present pain index.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.309-319
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to examine the maternal separation anxiety depending on the quality of day care and mother's self-esteem. subjects consisted of 187 mothers who had children from 60 t 36 months of age. the instruments used were the questionnaires which consisted of the Maternal separation anxiety scale(Cho and park, 1992), Self-Esteem Inventory(Coopersmith, 1967), and the checklist which consisted of the early childhood environment Rating scale(Harms & Clifford, 1980) and the Family Day Care Rating scale(Harms & Clifford, 1989). The datas were analyzed by the statistical method based o frequency, percentile, t-test, and one-way ANOVA. The main results were as follows : First, there was a significant difference in maternal separation anxiety by mothers' age and not by their educational levels. Second, there were no significant differences in maternal separation anxiety by children's age, sex, and girth order. Third, there was no significant difference in maternal separation anxiety by quality of day 2 care, size of group, and adult-child ratio. Forth, there was a significant differences in maternal separation anxiety by mother's self-esteem.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.21-27
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• 2013

Objectives There is a controversy regarding the construct validity of anxiety and depression. Some believe that these two symptoms are basically the same construct, that is, both measure what is called 'general distress' or two phenomena are distinct experiences which often coexist. To further understand relationship between anxiety and depressive symptoms, we investigated the factor structure of a combined anxiety and depression scale among psychiatric outpatients. Methods Data of Zung's Self-Rating Depression and Anxiety Scales were gathered from 401 newly visiting psychiatric outpatients at a university-affiliated hospital. We performed a component analysis on the 40 items from two scales. Results Exploratory factor analysis revealed a seven factor structure explaining 56% of total variance. Overall finding indicated that depression and anxiety scales consisted of four symptom domains : mainly depressive symptoms, mainly anxiety symptoms, common somatic symptoms, and others. Conclusions Our results suggest that the construct of self-reported depressive and anxiety symptoms are more complex than previously thought, i.e., either one or two factor theories. These findings also support that anxiety and depression can be better modeled by dimensional approach. Clinicians may be alert for the fact that both depression and anxiety scales measure distinct and also common aspects. Further researches on other scales especially, interview based instruments are needed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.63-73
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of social anxiety among late School-aged Children and identify factors influencing the tendency to social anxiety. A self-report survey was conducted with primary school children who were in the 6th grades. Two hundred and seventy eight children were included in the study. The instruments utilized in this study were SASCA-K (Korean Social Anxiety Scale for children and adolescents), SES(Self-esteem Scale), CAPS(Child and Adolescent Perfectionism Scale), DSRS-C(Depression Self-Rating Scale for Children), and IPPA-R(Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment-Revised version). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, One-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation and multiple regression with SPSS WIN 23.0 program. Social anxiety for the schoolchildren was positively correlated with perfectionism and depression, whereas self-esteem and attachment security was negatively correlated with social anxiety. Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that 38.0% of the variance for social anxiety was significantly accounted for by self-esteem, self-oriented perfectionism, depression, attachment security (Father-communication). The most significant factor influencing social anxiety was self-esteem. Findings suggest that expanding health education, counseling and school-based health education programs is necessary to prevent and intervention mental problems of late School-aged Children through integrated intervention by schools, families and communities.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.73-77
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• 2021

Objective : The Hoarding Rating Scale-Self-Report (HRS-SR) is a five-item scale that simply assesses the hoarding symptoms. We evaluated the factor structure, reliability, and validity of the Korean version of the HRS-SR (HRS-SR-K). Methods : A total of 144 individuals completed the self-administered questionnaires including HRS-SR-K, Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised-Korean version (OCI-R-K), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Psychometric properties of the HRS-SR-K were analyzed. Results : The Cronbach's α value for internal consistency of the HRS-SR-K was excellent (Cronbach's α=0.84). The construct validity was analyzed on the basis of principal component analysis and one-factor structure of the original scale was maintained. The HRS-SR-K total score and each item scores were more strongly correlated with the hoarding subscale score in OCI-R-K (convergent validity, r=0.71, p<0.01) than the corresponding scores of nonspecific depression or anxiety measures (discriminant validity). Conclusion : The HRS-SR-K is a simple and reliable self-report scale for examining the severity of hoarding symptoms.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.20-26
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand self confidence during delivery in laboring women and to identify the factors influencing self confidence for delivery. Method: The participants of the study were 166 women who were admitted to a delivery room at C hospital in Seoul from July 1 to October 31, 2002. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire, self confidence scale, anxiety scale, knowledge of childbirth scale and graphic rating scale. The data was analyzed by the SPSS PC+ program. For the analysis of collected data, frequency analysis, Pearson's correlation, multiple linear regression analysis and stepwise selection method was used. Result: Self confidence during delivery had negative correlation coefficients with anxiety, and positive correlation coefficients with endurance of pain, husband support during pregnancy, age and parity. Anxiety was the highest factor influencing self confidence for delivery(40.0%). Endurance of pain, husband support during pregnancy and age accounted for 49.0% of self confidence in laboring women. Conclusion: The factors influencing self confidence during delivery were anxiety, endurance to pain, husband support during pregnancy and age. Further studies need to be done to identify interventions for overcoming on anxiety, promoting endurance of pain, and increasing husband support during pregnancy.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.156-166
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• 1992

The authors studied anxiety, using Zung's self-rating anxiety scale(SAS), in the subjects of 127 male and 38 female patients with anxiety disorder. The authors investigated 165 patients in Yeungnam university hospital from January, 1987 to June, 1991. In order to analyze the data on anxiety scores Pearson's product moment coefficient correlation method and factor analysis were carried out by SPSS/PC+ program. The results were as follows : There was significant difference in the mean averages of total anxiety scores among patients with anxiety, disorder and male and female college freshmen: patients with anxiety disorder scored $42.40{\pm}7.74$, male students scored $32.91{\pm}5.70$, female students scored $34.48{\pm}6.00$. The anxiety scores relating to the items of body aches & pains, fatigue, anxiousness, panic, and urinary frequency were relatively high in patients with anxiety disorder. The anxiety scores on the items of restlessness, apprehension, dyspnea, sweating, and insomnia were relatively low in patients with anxiety disorder. Twenty-nine anxiety disorder group(17.5%) showed significantly high anxiety scores of 50 or over. The inter-rater reliability of Zung's self-rating anxiety scale was 0.71.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.38-44
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• 2013

Objective : The end-stage renal disease patients who shared fear of death, functional impairment due to hemodialysis are vulnerable to depression, anxiety and other mental problems. It is possible that their psychiatric characteristics and related autonomic nervous functions have some differences depending on their age. We purpose to find the differences of psychiatric characteristics and related autonomic nervous functions between adult and elderly hemodialysis patients. Methods : Our subjects are end-stage renal disease hemodialysis patients composed of 39 adults (<65 years) and 24 seniors (${\geq}65$ years). Outcome measures included the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, The Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety, The Apathy Evaluation Scale and Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview by clinician. And subjects fulfilled self-report scale, The Positive thinking scale and The Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale. The autonomic nervous functions are measured by heart rate variability. Results : There are no significant differences in demographic factors between two groups. The 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, The Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety, The Apathy Evaluation Scale, The Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale and autonomic nervous functions are also not different. But only positive thinking scale is higher in adult hemodialysis group than the elderly (F=5.395, p=0.024). Conclusion : This study compared depression, anxiety and autonomic nervous functions between adult and senior hemodialysis patients. There are no significant differences in psychiatric characteristics and autonomic nervous functions between two groups except positive thinking traits. Senior patients endured their chronic disease similar to adult patients did in spite of their old age. This result suggests that elderly's higher positive thinking traits affect their endurances about the negative situations.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.219-228
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• 1982

This study aimed at assessing the industrial workers' mental health status and identifing the relationship between mental health status and socio-demographic variables. We administered psychiatric self report rating scale (SCL-90)to 622 manual workers and 191 office workers in a textile .industry. The study began on 1 November, 1981 and lasted for 30 days The results were as follow: 1. Scores of symptom dimension were higher in female rather than male, younger than older, lower income group than higher one, lower educated group than higher one, manual workers than office workers and unmarried group than married one respectively. 2. The result of dimension scores of total samples showed that the score of Obsessive-compulsive scale was highest. The rest symptom dimension showed the order as follows: Interpersonal sensitivity, Depression, Hostility, Anxiety, Paranoid ideation, Somatization, Psychoticism and Phobic anxiety. 3. In order to identify the partial contribution of each socio-demographic variables on the mental health, multiple regression method was applied, and the result was as follows. 1) Sex was the most important one to explain the Somatization, Phobic-anxiety and Psychoticism scales among the 7 variables in the multiple regression equation. 2) Economic status was the most important variable to explein the Obsessive-compulsive, Depression and Hostility scales. 3) Marital status was the most important variable to explain the Interpersonal-sensitivity and Paranoid ideation scales.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.777-786
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to investigate the influencing factors on anxiety and depression before and after prosthetic treatment in the patients. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 248 patients with tooth loss and over 20 years old. The questionnaire was carried out before and after oral examination and dental prosthetic treatment from July to December, 2013. The study instruments included Beck's anxiety inventory and self-rating depression scale by Zung. The questionnaire was adapted and modified from Kwon's anxiety inventory and Lee's depression scale. Results: While the anxiety level increased from 69.4% to 78.2% in the normal people, the depression level changed from 53.2% to 64.1% in the normal people. The gender variable had a positive effect on anxiety and depression while educational level had a negative effect on them. The dental fear was closely related to anxiety and depression before and after the prosthetic treatment. The entire body health perception showed a negative effect on anxiety and depression. The distrust towards the dentist had an influence on the anxiety and depression in the prosthetic patients. Conclusions: The influencing factors on anxiety and depression in the prosthetic patients included gender, dental fear, entire body perception, and distrust towards the dentist.