• 제목/요약/키워드: seismic strength

검색결과 1,371건 처리시간 0.026초

탄소섬유 앵커 X-브레이싱으로 보강된 철근콘크리트 기둥의 구조거동 및 내진보강 효과 (Retrofitting Effects and Structural Behavior of RC Columns Strengthened with X-Bracing Using Carbon Fiber Anchor)

  • 심종성;이강석;권혁우;김현중
    • 콘크리트학회논문집
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    • 제24권3호
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    • pp.323-331
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    • 2012
  • 이 논문에서는 콘크리트 기둥에 새로운 보강방법을 제시하여 반복하중에 대한 구조적인 성능시험을 하였다. 두 개의 콘크리트 기둥에 고성능 탄소섬유 다발을 이용하여 X자 형태의 보강을 실시하고, 기둥의 내부에 X-브레이싱을 고정하기 위해 기둥 단면을 천공하여 탄소섬유 다발을 기둥에 삽입한 후 탄소섬유로 단부를 감싸주는 새로운 보강방법인 탄소섬유 앵커 X-브레이싱 보강공법을 이용해 콘크리트 기둥의 구조성능과 보강효과를 시험을 통하여 규명하였다. 이를 위해 탄소섬유로 보강된 휨 파괴형 실험체 기둥과 전단 파괴형 실험체 기둥을 축소모형으로 각각 제작하였다. 휨과 전단저항 기둥에 대해 X-브레이스 보강 유, 무 실험체에 반복하중시험을 통해 기둥의 연성과 강도 보강효과를 확인하였다.

Bayesian 통계법을 활용한 성능기반형 콘크리트 배합설계방법 개발 (Development of PBD Method for Concrete Mix Proportion Design Using Bayesian Probabilistic Method)

  • 김장호;판덕헝;이근성;이나현;김성배
    • 콘크리트학회논문집
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    • 제22권2호
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    • pp.171-177
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    • 2010
  • 최근 내구수명기간 동안 요구되는 성능을 만족시키는 차세대 구조설계 연구의 일환으로 PBD 방법에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 성능의 유효여부를 결정하는 방법 중의 하나인 Bayesian 방법은 일반적으로 내진해석 및 설계에서 많이 사용되어왔다. 이 방법은 어느 지진가속도로 인해 발생할 수 있는 구조물의 한계상태(i.e. 붕괴)의 초과확률을 체계적으로 계산할 수 있는 통계방법이다. 이 연구에서는 Bayesian 방법을 활용하여 콘크리트 배합에 대한 강도, 워커빌리티, 탄산화 등과 같은 재료성능의 만족도를 만족 비율로 계산할 수 있는 PBD 개념을 개발하고자 한다. 설계 또는 분석에 사용될 수 있는 Bayesian 방법은 다양한 재료의 특성을 고려하여 만족도 곡선 작성 과정을 설명하고 작성된 만족도 곡선을 사용하는 방법을 제시하고자 한다.

철골 플레이트 커플링보의 전단강도에 대한 기준식의 비교.분석 (Comparison analyzation of Calculation Equations for Shear strength of Steel Plate Coupling Beam)

  • 이경훈;송한범;박진영;이원호;태경훈
    • 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국콘크리트학회 2008년도 춘계 학술발표회 제20권1호
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    • pp.129-132
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    • 2008
  • 병렬 전단벽구조의 이상적인 거동을 만족시키기 위한 대안의 하나로 철근콘크리트커 플링보에 전단 성능이 우수한 철골 플레이트를 매립하는 방안이 제시되었다. Lam의 연구에 의하면 플레이트를 보강한 시험체가 기존의 철근 콘크리트 커플링보에 비하여 내진성능이 매우 우수한 것을 제시하고 있다. 철골 플레이트 커플링보는 철골 부재와 철근콘크리트 부재로 구성된 합성구조이다. 따라서 철골 부재는 강구조 설계 기준에 의해 설계하고, 철근콘크리트 부재는 철근콘크리트 설계기 준에 의해 설계하여 중첩시키는 방법으로 설계한다. 그러나 아직까지 합성구조에 대한 설계 기준이 마련되어 있지 않은 이유로 본연구에서는 실무에서 쓰이는 기준식의 평가를 통하여 철골 커플링보의 안전성을 검토하고자 한다. 기존 연구의 데이터를 통계학적 분석방법을 이용하여, ACI 기준식과 BS 기준식을 각각 검증하였다. 분석 결과 철근콘크리트의 전단력과 철골 플레이트의 전단력을 중첩하여 계산하는 철골 플레이트 커플링보에 대한 현재의 실무에서의 설계방법은 기존의 실험결과와 비교하면 적절한 설계방법으로 판단된다.

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크로스홀 탄성파 시험을 이용한 쇄석다짐말뚝의 시공직경 검측 (Logging for Diametric Variation of Granular Compaction Pile Using Crosshole Seismic Tests)

  • 박철수;정재우;김학성;김은정;목영진
    • 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국지반공학회 2008년도 추계 학술발표회
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    • pp.1415-1426
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    • 2008
  • Stone columns, locally called "GCP (granular compaction pile)" can be used to improve strength and resistance against lateral movement of a foundation soil like rigid piles and piers. Also installation of such a discrete column facilitates drainage, and densifies and reinforces the soil in the sense of ground improvement. The integrity of the GCP has been indirectly controlled with the records of each batch including depth and the quantity of stone filled. An integrity testing was attempted using crosshole S-wave logging. The method is conceptionally same as the crosshole sonic logging (CSL) for drilled piers. The only and critical difference is that S-wave should be used in the logging, because P-wave velocity of the stone column is less than that of ground water. The crosshole sonic logger does not have the capability to measure S-wave propagating through the skeleton of crushed stone. An electro-mechanical source, which can generate either P- or SH-waves, and a 1-D geophone were used to measure SH-waves. Two 76mm diameter cased boreholes were installed 1 meter apart across the nominal 700mm diameter stone column. At every 10cm of depth, shear wave was measured across the stone column. One more borehole was also installed 1 meter outward from the one of the above boreholes to measure the shear wave profile of the surrounding soil. The diametric variation of the stone column with respect to depth was evaluated from the shear wave arrival times across the stone column, and shear wave velocities of crushed stone and surrounding soil. The volume calculated with these variational diameters is very close to the actual quantity of the stone filled.

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이선형 단자유도 감쇠시스템의 비탄성변위비 (Inelastic Displacement Ratio for SDOF Bilinear and Damping Systems)

  • 한상환;배문수;조종
    • 한국지진공학회논문집
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    • 제11권6호
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    • pp.53-61
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    • 2007
  • NEHRP 지반조건 B,C,D에서 이선형 단자유도 감쇠시스템의 지반조건, 후탄성기울기, 감쇠비, 항복강도 감소계수, 고유 주기 등의 변화가 비탄성변위비에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 기존의 제안식은 변위일정 법칙을 따라 일정주기 이상에서 비탄성 변위비를 과대평가하게 된다. 또한 기존식은 5%이상의 감쇠비에 대하여만 제안되었다. 본 연구는 후탄성기울기, 감쇠비 20% 이하의 이선형 시스템의 비탄성 변위비의 평균과 편차를 제안하였고 범용적으로 사용할 수 있음을 보였다. 제안식을 사용하여 비탄성 변위비의 확률적 분포를 계산하여 구조물의 성능기반설계에 이용할 수 있다.

Behaviors of concrete filled square steel tubes confined by carbon fiber sheets (CFS) under compression and cyclic loads

  • Park, Jai Woo;Hong, Young Kyun;Choi, Sung Mo
    • Steel and Composite Structures
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    • 제10권2호
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    • pp.187-205
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    • 2010
  • The existing CFT columns present the deterioration in confining effect after the yield of steel tube, local buckling and the deterioration in load capacity. If lateral load such as earthquake load is applied to CFT columns, strong shearing force and moment are generated at the lower part of the columns and local buckling appears at the column. In this study, axial compression test and beam-column test were conducted for existing CFT square column specimens and those reinforced with carbon fiber sheets (CFS). The variables for axial compression test were width-thickness ratio and the number of CFS layers and those for beamcolumn test were concrete strength and the number of CFS layers. The results of the compression test showed that local buckling was delayed and maximum load capacity improved slightly as the number of layers increased. The specimens' ductility capacity improved due to the additional confinement by carbon fiber sheets which delayed local buckling. In the beam-column test, maximum load capacity improved slightly as the number of CFS layers increased. However, ductility capacity improved greatly as the increased number of CFS layers delayed the local buckling at the lower part of the columns. It was observed that the CFT structure reinforced with carbon fiber sheets controlled the local buckling at columns and thus improved seismic performance. Consequently, it was deduced that the confinement of CFT columns by carbon fiber sheets suggested in this study would be widely used for reinforcing CFT columns.

Full scale tests of RC joints with minor to moderate seismic damage repaired using C-FRP sheets

  • Karayannis, Chris G.;Golias, Emmanuil
    • Earthquakes and Structures
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    • 제15권6호
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    • pp.617-627
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    • 2018
  • After earthquakes FRP sheets are often used for the rehabilitation of damaged Reinforced Concrete (RC) beamcolumn connections. Connections with minor to moderate damage are often dealt with by applying FRP sheets after a superficial repair of the cracks using resin paste or high strength mortar but without infusion of thin resin solution under pressure into the cracking system. This technique is usually adopted in these cases due to the fast and easy-to-apply procedure. The experimental investigation reported herein aims at evaluating the effectiveness of repairing the damaged beam-column connections using FRP sheets after a meticulous but superficial repair of their cracking system using resin paste. The investigation comprises experimental results of 10 full scale beam-column joint specimens; five original joints and the corresponding retrofitted ones. The repair technique has been applied to RC joints with different joint reinforcement arrangements with minor to severe damage brought about by cyclic loading for the purposes of this work. Aiming at quantitative concluding remarks about the effectiveness of the repair technique, data concerning response loads, loading stiffness and energy absorption values have been acquired and commented upon. Furthermore, comparisons of damage index values and values of equivalent viscous damping, as obtained during the test of the original specimens, with the corresponding ones observed in the loading of the repaired ones have also been evaluated and commented. Based on these comparisons, it is deduced that the technique under investigation can be considered to be a rather satisfactory repair technique for joints with minor to moderate damage taking into account the rapid, convenient and easy-to-apply character of its application.

Cyclic testing of scaled three-story special concentrically braced frame with strongback column

  • Chen, Chui-Hsin;Tsai, Yi-Rung;Tang, Yao
    • Earthquakes and Structures
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    • 제17권2호
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    • pp.163-173
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    • 2019
  • For Special Concentrically Braced Frame (SCBF), it is common that the damage concentrates at a certain story instead of spreading over all stories. Once the damage occurs, the soft-story mechanism is likely to take place and possibly to result in the failure of the whole system with more damage accumulation. In this study, we use a strongback column which is an additional structural component extending along the height of the building, to redistribute the excessive deformation of SCBF and activate more structural members to dissipate energy and thus avoid damage concentration and improve the seismic performance of SCBF. We tested one-third-scaled, three-story, double-story X SCBF specimens with static cyclic loading procedure. Three specimens, namely S73, S42 and S0, which represent different combinations of stiffness and strength factors ${\alpha}$ and ${\beta}$ for the strongback columns, were designed based on results of numerical simulations. Specimens S73 and S42 were the specimens with the strongback columns, and S0 is the specimen without the strongback column. Test results show that the deformation distribution of Specimen S73 is more uniform and more brace members in three stories perform nonlinearly. Comparing Drift Concentration Factor (DCF), we can observe 29% and 11% improvement in Specimen S73 and S42, respectively. This improvement increases the nonlinear demand of the third-story braces and reduces that of the first-story braces where the demand used to be excessive, and, therefore, postpones the rupture of the first-story braces and enhances the ductility and energy dissipation capacity of the whole SCBF system.

Effect of flexural and shear stresses simultaneously for optimized design of butterfly-shaped dampers: Computational study

  • Farzampour, Alireza;Eatherton, Matthew R.;Mansouri, Iman;Hu, Jong Wan
    • Smart Structures and Systems
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    • 제23권4호
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    • pp.329-335
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    • 2019
  • Structural fuses are made up from oriented steel plates to be used to resist seismic force with shear loading resistance capabilities. The damage and excessive inelastic deformations are concentrated in structural fuses to avoid any issues for the rest of the surrounding elements. Recently developed fuse plates are designed with engineered cutouts leaving flexural or shear links with controlled yielding features. A promising type of link is proposed to align better bending strength along the length of the link with the demand moment diagram is a butterfly-shaped link. Previously, the design methodologies are purely based on the flexural stresses, or shear stresses only, which overestimate the dampers capability for resisting against the applied loadings. This study is specifically focused on the optimized design methodologies for commonly used butterfly-shaped dampers. Numerous studies have shown that the stresses are not uniformly distributed along the length of the dampers; hence, the design methodology and the effective implementation of the steel need revisions and improvements. In this study, the effect of shear and flexural stresses on the behavior of butterfly-shaped links are computationally investigated. The mathematical models based on von-Mises yielding criteria are initially developed and the optimized design methodology is proposed based on the yielding criterion. The optimized design is refined and investigated with the aid of computational investigations in the next step. The proposed design methodology meets the needs of optimized design concepts for butterfly-shaped dampers considering the uniform stress distribution and efficient use of steel.

면외변형 구속에 따른 강재슬릿댐퍼의 구조성능에 관한 실험적 연구 (Experimental Study on Structural Performance of Steel Slit Damper According to Restrained Out-of-plane Deformation )

  • 김진우;권유진;최광용;김영주;박해용
    • 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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    • 제27권1호
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    • pp.86-94
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    • 2023
  • 본 연구에서는 강재 슬릿댐퍼를 대상으로 하여 면외 변형을 구속할 수 있는 보완상세를 제시하고, 제안상세 적용 유무와 댐퍼의 형상비를 변수로 하여 일정진폭 가력실험을 수행하였다. 실험결과에 따라 제안상세가 적용된 슬릿댐퍼의 반복이력은 설정된 변수 범위에서 모두 안정적인 방추형의 이력거동을 나타내었으며 종국거동까지 댐퍼의 면외변형은 관찰되지 않았다. 누적변형각 분석을 통해 제안상세가 적용된 댐퍼 시스템은 대조군에 비해 월등히 큰 소성변형능력을 확보할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 이러한 구조적 효과(구속패널효과)는 슬릿댐퍼의 형상비가 작을수록 크게 나타났다. 관련 국외기준을 참고하여 제안상세 적용유무에 따른 슬릿댐퍼의 피로곡선을 작성하고 예측곡선 제시를 위한 매개변수를 도출하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 토대로 향 후 다양한 종류의 제진장치의 구조성능에 대한 정량적인 비교가 가능할 것으로 판단된다.