• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.227-241
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• 2018

The present paper deals with the optimum performance of the passive hybrid control system for the benchmark highway bridge under the six earthquakes ground motion. The investigation is carried out on a simplified finite element model of the 91/5 highway overcrossing located in Southern California. A viscous fluid damper (known as VFD) or non-linear fluid viscous spring damper has been used as a passive supplement device associated with polynomial friction pendulum isolator (known as PFPI) to form a passive hybrid control system. A parametric study is considered to find out the optimum parameters of the PFPI system for the optimal response of the bridge. The effect of the velocity exponent of the VFD and non-linear FV spring damper on the response of the bridge is carried out by considering different values of velocity exponent. Further, the influences of damping coefficient and vibration period of the dampers are also examined on the response of the bridge. To study the effectiveness of the passive hybrid system on the response of the isolated bridge, it is compared with the corresponding PFPI isolated bridges. The investigation showed that passive supplement damper such as VFD or non-linear FV spring damper associated with PFPI system is significantly reducing the seismic response of the benchmark highway bridge. Further, it is also observed that non-linear FV spring damper hybrid system is a more promising strategy in reducing the response of the bridge compared to the VFD associated hybrid system.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.91-106
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• 2019

Adopting sloped rolling-type isolation devices underneath a raised floor system has been proved as one of the most effective approaches to mitigate seismic responses of the protected equipment installed above. However, pounding against surrounding walls or other obstructions may occur if such a base-isolated raised floor system is subjected to long-period excitation, leading to adverse effects or even more severe damage. In this study, real-time hybrid simulation (RTHS) is adopted to assess the control performance of a smart base-isolated raised floor system as it is an efficient and cost-effective experimental method. It is composed of multiple sloped rolling-type isolation devices, a rigid steel platen, four magnetorheological (MR) dampers, and protected high-tech equipment. One of the MR dampers is physically tested in the laboratory while the remainders are numerically simulated. In order to consider the effect of input excitation characteristics on the isolation performance, the smart base-isolated raised floor system is assumed to be located at the roof of a building and the ground level. Four control algorithms are designed for the MR dampers including passive-on, switching, modified switching, and fuzzy logic control. Six artificial spectrum-compatible input excitations and three slope angles of the isolation devices are considered in the RTHS. Experimental results demonstrate that the incorporation of semi-active control into a base-isolated raised floor system is effective and feasible in practice for high-tech industry.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.1077-1099
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• 2016

One of the main shortcomings in the current passive base isolation system is lack of adaptability. The recent research and development of a novel adaptive seismic isolator based on magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) material has created an opportunity to add adaptability to base isolation systems for civil structures. The new MRE based base isolator is able to significantly alter its shear modulus or lateral stiffness with the applied magnetic field or electric current, which makes it a competitive candidate to develop an adaptive base isolation system. This paper aims at exploring suitable control algorithms for such adaptive base isolation system by developing a close-loop semi-active control system for a building structure equipped with MRE base isolators. The MRE base isolator is simulated by a numerical model derived from experimental characterization based on the Bouc-Wen Model, which is able to describe the force-displacement response of the device accurately. The parameters of Bouc-Wen Model such as the stiffness and the damping coefficients are described as functions of the applied current. The state-space model is built by analyzing the dynamic property of the structure embedded with MRE base isolators. A Lyapunov-based controller is designed to adaptively vary the current applied to MRE base isolator to suppress the quake-induced vibrations. The proposed control method is applied to a widely used benchmark base-isolated structure by numerical simulation. The performance of the adaptive base isolation system was evaluated through comparison with optimal passive base isolation system and a passive base isolation system with optimized base shear. It is concluded that the adaptive base isolation system with proposed Lyapunov-based semi-active control surpasses the performance of other two passive systems in protecting the civil structures under seismic events.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제5권6호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 수평전단시험을 통하여 LRB(lead-rubber hearing)의 동적 특성을 분석하였다. 10ton 및 200ton 용량의 LRB를 이용하여 수평전단시험을 수행한 결과 LRB의 동적 특성은 수평하중의 재하속도, 연직하중의 크기 및 전단변형률 등에 따라 크게 달라지는 것으로 나타났다. 세장비가 큰 면진장치에 과도한 변형을 가할 경우 내부 납심에 소성한지가 발생되어 납심이 파괴되는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 면진구조물의 설계 및 해석 시에는 지진응답과 재하하중의 크기에 따라서 달라지는 LRB의 기계적 특성치를 적용하여 안전한 설계가 이루어질 수 있도록 하여야 한다.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.975-982
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• 2005

면진은 현재 설치 공법의 단순함 그리고 지진하중에 대한 진동제어 효과의 탁월성 등으로 인하여 세계 여러 나라에서 강진으로부터 중요한 건물들을 보호하고, 구조물의 장수명화와 내진성능 향상을 도모하기 위한 실무적인 해결책으로서 받아들여지고 있다. 하지만, 국내의 경우, 재해 시 항상 문제가 되는 정보, 통신, 의료체계 및 사회공공 시설물의 피해로 인한 혼란 방지라는 차원에서 면진 구조의 도입이 종종 거론되고는 있으나 아직까지 구체적인 설계기술은 정착되지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 면진 기술의 국내 기반 구축을 위하여 순수 국내기술에 의해 제작된 면진 장치(NRB)를 채용함에 따른 면진 효과를 실험적으로 검증함으로서, 향후 유사 구조 설계를 위한 기초 자료를 제공하고자 하였으며, 철근콘크리트 구조를 대상으로 지진파의 특성 및 지진동의 입력 레벨에 따른 면진 효과가 US 축소 모델 진동대 실험을 통해 제시되었다. 실험 결과, 본 연구에서 적용한 NRB는 응답가속도의 감소와 층 전단력의 감소가 확실히 관측되어 면진 설계의 기본 개념과 일치하게 건물의 주기를 장주기 영역으로 이동시켜 지진동에 의한 하중 효과를 크게 줄일 수 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 면진 효과는 지진파의 특성에 따라 그 정도의 차가 다르게 나타나는 것으로 확인되었고, 장주기 성분이 많이 포함되어 있는 Mexico지진파와 같은 지진동 고려 시 특히 설계허용수평변위 설정에 주의가 필요한 것으로 나타났다.