• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.3-6
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• 2007

Chickpea wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris(FOC) is the most destructive disease in India. It is seed-borne as well as soil-borne pathogen. The role of seed-borne FOC in introducing and establishing wilt in FOC free soils is unknown. Using seeds of FOC infected chickpea cultivar K 850, we provided an evidence of establishing wilt disease in the FOC free soils within three crop cycles or seasons. In the first cycle, typical wilt symptoms were observed in 24 pots in 41 days after sowing. These 24 pots were used for second and third cycles without changing the soil. These 24 pots were sown with seeds collected from healthy plants of a susceptible cultivar JG 62, one seed per pot and development of wilt symptom was recorded. Wilt symptoms appeared in all the pots 26 days after sowing in second cycle and in 16 days after sowing in third cycle. On selective medium, all of the wilted plants yielded FOC in all the three cycles indicating that the mortality was due to wilt. FOC propagules on selective medium were 172, 1197, and 2280 $g^{-1}$ soil at the end of the first, second, and third cycles, respectively. These studies indicated that Fusarium wilt of chickpea is seed-borne and seeds harvested from wilted plants when mixed with healthy seeds can carry the wilt fungus to new areas and can establish the disease in the soil to economic threshold levels within three seasons.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.254-262
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• 2014

KISStool is developed and established by KIGAM, in order to link and share the earthquake data easily with institutes related, this study includes the development of a KISStool program format and protocol supporting Kit. The Kit has functions such as transforming and sending a seismic data. The functions of the kit are implemented in modules, which are running on the realtime basis. The firmware is embedded into the Kit, which transforms the seismic data into the formats, miniSEED and QSCD20. These data are sent to KISStool program. We have confirmed the results of the data transforming, transmissions and storage functions are conducted normally, the speed of transmission shows same level when comparing with a standard system. We expect that the firmware developed in this study will have high usability not only for linking with KISStool program through being embedded into incompatible digitizers, but also for improving performance of older ones.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.30 no.3_4
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• pp.149-159
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• 2003

The need for information security increases interests on cipher algorithms recently. Especially, a large volume of data transmission over high-band communication network requires faster encryption and decryption techniques for real-time processing. It would be a good solution for this problem that we implement the cipher algorithm in forms of hardware circuits. Though some previous researches use this approach, they focus only on repeatedly executing the core part of the algorithm to minimize the hardware chip size, while most cipher algorithms are inherently parallel. In this paper, we propose a new design for the SEED block cipher algorithm developed by KISA (Korea Information Security Agency) in 1998 as Korean standard cipher algorithm. It exploits the parallelism of the algorithm basically and implements it in a pipelined fashion. We described the design in VHDL program and performed functional simulations on the program, and then found that it worked correctly. In addition, we synthesized it and verified that it could be implemented in a single FPGA chip, implying that the new design can be Practically used for the actual hardware implementation of a high-speed and high-performance cipher system.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.217-223
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• 1995

Nature of graft transmissibility of pear abnormal leaf spot disease was examined by various grafting methods in the greenhouse and field. When the diseased and symptomless twigs were collected in winter and grafted in the next spring to the seed-originated healthy root stock, the abnormal leaf spot was developed only in the case of the diseased twigs. Double grafting on a seed-originated healthy root stock, where the diseased and the symptomless twigs were used as 1st and 2nd scions, respectively, developed abnormal leaf spot lesions without exception on the 2nd scions. Tongue-graft with the diseased and the symptomless trees also incited abnormal leaf spots on the both trees. Abnormal leaf spots of were also developed on HN-39, an indicator pear tree, used as a 2nd scion in a double graft test, where the diseased twig and a seed-originated healthy tree were used as the 1st scion and the root stock, respectively. When the diseased twig was top-grafted to the healthy root stock, lesion development of abnormal spot was limited to the grafted twig itself in the 1st year, but expanded to the main branches in the 2nd year, and spread over the whole tree in the 3rd year. This result indicates that the causal agent of abnormal leaf spot disease is transmitted by graft.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.71-82
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• 1995

The ultrastructure and storage reserves of the Capsicum annuum seeds were studied in order to identify structure and to localize storage components in the endosperm using light microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The seed coat was composed of one cell layer which contained a large number of lipid bodies, while most of the endosperm cells did not showed many lipid bodies. During seed maturation, the endosperm cells were continuously degenerated by the autophagy. Various types of plastids were also distinguished in the endosperm cells. They contained starch grains surrounded by electron-dense tiny particles, plastoglobuli, and vasicular bodies.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.191-198
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• 1985

Sixty one commercial seed samples of three cruciferous vegetable crops were examined for seed-borne Alternaria spp. by deep freezing blotter method. Alternaria raphani, A. brassicicola and A. brassicae were detected from 7, 6 and 1 seed samples of chinese cabbage out of 20 with average infection ratio of 3.8, 1.8 and 0.5, respectively. A. raphani and A. brassicae were detected from 11 and 2 seed samples of radish out of 38 with average infection ratio of 7.2 and 1.0, respectively. A. brassicicola was detected from 3 samples of cabbage seed with average infection ratio of 21.8. Most of the Alternaria spp. detected were recovered from the seed coat and caused seed rot and seedling infections. A. brassicicola was recovered from the embryos of radish, chinese cabbage and cabbage in low infections and A. raphani was recovered from the embryos of radish. In inoculation experiments, A. brassicicola, A. brassicae and A. raphani produced black leaf spots on old leaves of three creciferous vegetable crops and the spots gradually increased in size appearing gray to light brown lesions which later coalesce and caused defoliation.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.16-25
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• 1987

Colletotrichum acutatum, C. coccodes, C. dematium and C. gloeosporioides were detected in seed samples of red pepper (Capsicum annuum). C. dematium and C. gloeosporioides were the predominant species, maximum seed infection of the species in some samples were 84% and 28%, respectively. C. acutatum and C. coccodes were recorded only in low percentages of 1-2. The blotter method proved more suitable for detecting Colletotricum spp. than the deep freezing blotter or agar plate methods. Plating of seed components showed that C. dematium and C. gloeosporioides were recovered more frequently from seed coat, and decreasing amounts of infection were observed in the endosperm and cotyledon. Seed-borne C. dematium and C. gloeosporioides caused seed rot, damping-off, seedling blight and brown discoloration of cotyledon and hypocotyl when infected seeds were sown in agar of test tube or in soil. Inoculation experiments showed that C. acutatum was pathogenic to red fruit of red pepper and C. coccodes was highly pathogenic to red fruit and weakly pathogenic to leaf of the plant. C. dematium was highly pathogenic to leaf and green fruit and C. gloeosporioides was pathogenic to not only leaf but also green and red fruits. Host range of the four seed-borne species of Colletotrichum was also investigated.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2012.05b
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• pp.490-493
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 좌표기법을 사용한 PAD 형식의 OTP를 제안하였다. 기존에 이용되던 SEED 기반의 OTP가 아닌 사용자의 기기 정보와 조합 동기화 방식을 통해 키 재료를 생성하여 OTP의 PAD 속에 좌표를 사용한 암호화를 이루는 알고리즘을 제안했기 때문에 기존의 Password 방식의 OTP보다 보안성에 우수한 특성을 나타낸다. 또한 키 교환 과정에 신개념의 Digest 방식을 도입하여 차별화를 이뤘다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.433-433
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• 2009

ZnO-based materials have been extensively studied for optoelectronic applications due to their superiors physical properties such as wide direct bandgap (~3.37 eV), large exciton binding energy (~60 meV), high transparency in the visible region, and low cost. Especially, one-dimensional (1D) ZnO nanostructures have attracted considerable attention owing to quantum confinement effect and high crystalline quality. Additionally, various nanostructures of ZnO such as nanorods, nanowires, nanoflower, and nanotubes have stimulated the interests because of their semiconducting. and piezoelectric properties. Among them, vertically aligned ZnO nanorods can bring the improved performance in various promising photoelectric fields including piezo-nanogenerators, UV lasers, dye sensitized solar cells, and photo-catalysis. In this work, we studied the effect of the annealing temperature of homo seed layers on the formation of ZnO nanorods grown by hydrothermal method. The effect of annealing temperature of seed layer on the length and orientation of the nanorods was investigated scanning electron microscopy investigation. Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction measurement were performed to understand the effect of annealing temperatures of seed layers on the formation of nanorods. Moreover, the optical properties of the seed layers and the nanorods were studied by room temperature photoluminescence.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.302-307
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• 2004

Three pairs of specific primers were developed for rapid and precise RT-PCR detection of three seed-transmissible viruses, namely Peanut clump virus (PCV, Pecluvirus), White clover mosaic virus (WCIMV, Potexvirus) and Carrot red leaf virus (CaRLV, Luteovirus). Each primer set was found in conserved region through multiple sequence alignment in the DNAMAN. Total nucleic acids extracted from PCV-, WCMV-, and CaRLV-infected seeds and healthy plants were used for RT-PCR detection using each virus-specific primer, Sizes of PCV, WCIMV, and CaRLV PCR products were 617bp (PCV-uni5 and PCV-uni3 primers), 561bp (WCMV-CP5 and WCMV-CP3 primers), and 626bp (CL1-UP and CL2-DN primers); which corresponded to the target sizes. Nucleotides sequences of each amplified cDNA were confirmed which belonged to the original virus. This study suggests that these virus-specific primer sets can specifically amplify viral sequences in infected seeds. Thus, they can be used for specific detection of three viruses (PCV, WCMV and CaRLV) from imported seed samples for plant quarantine service.