• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.51 no.7
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• pp.632-638
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• 2006

Characteristics of sweet (sugary, su) and super sweet (shrunken-2, sh2) corn seeds shelled by different threshing methods at different moisture content status were studied. Hybrid seeds of a su (Early Sunglow ${\times}$ Golden Cross Bantam 70, GCB 70) and a sh2 (Xtrasweet 82 ${\times}$Fortune) were dried to moisture content of 12, 15, 18, and 21%. Hand shelling did not give any mechanical damages to seeds, while an electrical corn thresher gave some visible mechanical damages. The emergence rate of hand shelled seeds was higher than that of machine shelled seeds by $6{\sim}14%$ for a su and by $9{\sim}18%$ for a sh2 hybrid depending on seed moisture contents in cold test. The optimum seed moisture content to reduce mechanical threshing damages and to improve seed quality was 15% for su and 12% for sh2 hybrid seeds. At the optimum seed moisture contents, germination rate at $25^{\circ}C$, emergence rate in the cold test and ${\alpha}-amylase$ activity were highest, while the percentage of damaged seeds and leakage of total sugars and electrolytes in soaking water were minimized.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.227-235
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• 1983

This research was made over drought resistance and optimum soil moisture needed with Plantago asiatica L. as the material by means of making out the process of its growth under different soil moisture contents. The soil used for the experiment was a mixture of vermiculite and c-layer soil, and the process of growth was compared with each other controlling its soil mositure as: 7%, 15%, 30%, 45%, and 60%. In 7% range of soil moisture which was of low content, the increase of growth was neither significantly indicated nor any permanent seeding done. In view of this phenomenon, Plantago asiatica L. appeared to be highly drought-resistant. It was found rising at 30% range and reaching the optimum state at 45% range and falling down at 60% range range. In viw of this fluctuation indicated above, the optimum soil moisture content needed for the growth of Plantago asiatica L. is thought to be between 30% and 60%. It is thought the number of seed per capsule is not affected by the soil moisture content. It is expected an ecotypic variation by the soil moisture content will bring forth upon Plantago asiatica L.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.569-577
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• 1996

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of water potential by PEG treatment on germination and quantitative changes of seed storage reserves of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], peanut(Arachjs hypogaea L.) and corn(Zea may L.). Water potential of PEG(M.W. 10, 000) solution as germination media was 0.0, -0.2, and -0.5MPa. The highest moisture uptake rate was found in soybean seedlings among three crops. Moisture content of seedlings of three crops was decreased at -0.5MPa treatment and seedling length was delayed with water potential decrement. As water potential decreased, decreasing rate of protein content of the seedlings compared to seeds was declined in soybean and peanut. Decreasing rate of starch content of the seedlings was decreased in corn at -0.5MPa treatment. Increasing rate of sugar content of the seedlings was markedly decreased at -0.5MPa treatment in all crops. The results of this experiment showed that availability of moisture and synthesis of sugar for seed germination were influenced below -0.5MPa water potential in three crops.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.447-453
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• 1986

Germination and seedling elongation of soybeans [cult. ‘Williams’] were measured at two temperatures (15 and 3$0^{\circ}C$), three seed water contents (30, 50, and 70%), and with and without polyethylene glycol-8000 (PEG) treatments. A split-plot design was used with four replications. Observations were made from two hours to eight days for each treatment combination. Seeds were soaked with 30% PEG solution with 0.2% thiram at 15 C for six days, rinsed with deionized water and dried at 25.5$^{\circ}C$ for three days. Ten treated or untreated seeds were placed on Whatman No. I (9 cm) filter paper in plastic petridishes to which sufficient deionized water was added to adjust seed moisture content to the desired level. The dishes were then sealed with parafilm and placed in a continuous programmed temperature chamber under dark condition. Seedling growth did not occur at either temperature when moisture content was 50 percent or less. Osmo-conditioning with PEG showed positive effects on seedling moisture uptake and seedling growth at 15$^{\circ}C$ but little effect at 3$0^{\circ}C$. Seedling moisture content increased rapidly early in the germination period and reached 60% at 15 C for 56 hours and at 3$0^{\circ}C$ for 28 hours. Seedling growth started when seed moisture reached a critical point of 60% at 15$^{\circ}C$, however, growth started after 20 hours of germination at 3$0^{\circ}C$. Seedlings of soybeans elongated more than four times faster at 3$0^{\circ}C$ than at 15$^{\circ}C$. Water uptake during germination was characterized by two phases in this experiment.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.91-95
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• 2016

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between water absorption (or hygroscopic property) and growth rate of rubra oak (Quercus rubra) from 5 different origins of seed (Carleton, Simcoe, Chatham, Bancroft, Unknown). Water absorption at cross section of Quercus rubra was $0.43{\sim}0.92g/cm^2$ and the property was not related with growth rate. Overall equilibrium moisture content of rubra oak were 11.35~11.56% and 15.15~15.83% at $40^{\circ}C$ with 75% and 90% relative humidities, respectively. There was no relationship between growth rate and moisture content(hygroscopy) in rubra oak. Based on the results, Rubra oak can be classified as a low hygroscopic wood grade, and thus might be a good raw material for furniture productions owing to its superior dimensional stability.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.74-80
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• 1999

The proximate composition, pH, vitamins and minerals in sunflower seed sprout were investigated to furnish basic data for utilization in health food or processed food. The pH of sunflower seed sprout was 5.70. The contents of moisture, crude protein, crude fat, crude ash and crude fiber of sunflower seed sprout were 94.7%, 1.3%, 0.3%, 1.3% and 1.6%, respectively. The vitamin A, vitamin B$_1$, vitamin B$_2$, vitamin C and niacin contents in sunflower seed sprout were 114.411. U%, 0.06mg%, 0.05mg%. 5.90mg% and 0.80mg%, respectively. The contents of Ca, P, Fe, Na, K, Mn, Cu, Zn and Mg in sunflower seed sprout per 100g were 80.00mg, 4.85mg, 3.63mg, 8.25mg, 180.90mg, 1.35mg, 0.43mg, 1.85mgand 66.35mg, respectively. The crude ash and crude fiber content of sunflower seed sprout were 3 or 4 times higher than those in the sprout of radish seed, mung bean, soybean or alfalfa, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 1996.06c
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• pp.293-304
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• 1996

Historical interest in dielectric properties of agricultural products and definitions of dielectric terms and basic principles governing their influence on elelctromagnetic energy are presented briefly . The nature of dielectric properties variation with frequency, temperature , and product density is discussed, Graphical data on the dielectric properties of products are presented that illustrate the dependence of these properties on moisture content, frequency, temperature, and density. Applications microwave dielectric properties of agricultural products are cited that include radio-frequency (RF) and microwave heating for seed treatment, improvement of nutritional and keeping qualities of some products, and controlling insects in grain. Uses of dielectric properties for product quality measurement and the rapid determination of moisture content are described. Principle of moisture determination in bulk grain by RF and microwave measurements are briefly presented.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.183-189
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• 2004

This study was conducted to examine the changes in the seed physical characters and germinative properties of three tree species at three different storage times in order to determine the most suitable storage time and condition. Seed physical characters and germinative properties were examined from seeds of Fraxinus rhynchophylla, Zanthoxylum schinifolium and Staphylea bumalda that were stored at -18C for 1, 3 and 10 years, and the growth performance and physiological characters of their seedlings were analyzed. Seed physical characters and germinative properties showed significant differences between three storage times as well as three tree species. Seed moisture content of F rhynchophylla and S. bumalda and seed fresh weight of Z. schinifolium decreased with increase of storage time. Storage time represented negative correlation with moisture content and fresh weight (r = -0.822, P<0.01). Seed percent germination of Z. schinifolium and S. bumalda stored for 3 and 10 years decreased less than 15% and 10.7% respectively. Mean germination times for seed of F. rhynchophylla, Z. schinifolium and S. bumalda were delayed 11.9, 5.7 and 9.7 days after a storage time of 10 years, respectively. However the growth and viability of seedlings didn't show a special pattern for storage time and tree species.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.80-90
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• 2001

This study was carried out to investigate to proximate compositions, free sugars, organic acids, amino acids, and volatiles from the fresh leaf, root and seed of coriander. The research results are as follows: Moisture was 79.93% in the leaf, 81.89% in the root. Crude protein, crude lipid and crude ash were the highest in the seed. Ascorbic acid was 65.4mg% in the leaf and 37.83mg% in the root. Glucose, fructose and sucrose were the major free sugars. Glucose was 7.92mg% and fructose 7.51mg% in the leaf. Sucrose was 17.34mg% in the root, highest level. Among organic acids, malic acid was 354.55mg% in the leaf, the highest level. The content rate of organic acids was high in the order of leaf, seed and root. The content rate of total amino acid was high in the order of seed, root and leaf. Glutamic acid and aspartic acid were high in the leaf and root. Glutamic acid and proline were high in the seed. The content rate of free amino acid is the same as that of total amino acid. Glutamic acid and serine were high in the leaf and seed. Glutamic acid and treonine were high in the root. The contents of total amino acid in each parts of the coriander was higher than that of free amino acid, The composition of amino acid in the total amino acid and free amino acid was different. The volatile constituents were extracted by steam distillation method and analyzed by GC-Mass. The content of the volatile constituents was 45.31mg% in the leaf, (E)-2-decenal was the highest, followed by decanal, 2-dodecenal, (E)-2-decen-1-ol in order, aldehyde and alcohol was major constituents. The content of the volatile constituents was 36.01mg% in the root and 54.37mg% in the seed. linalool was the highest in the root and seed. it was 22.27 %, 53.67% in root and seed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.1187-1190
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• 1999

Lotus seed(Nelumbo nucifera Gaertner), known as traditional medicine as an antifebrile, antipsychotic, and cantihypertensive agent, was analyzed the chemical composition of lipid and protein. The seed com posed of 12.2% moisture, 2.3% crude lipid, 19.5% crude protein, 61.3% carbohydrate, 2.1% crude fibre, and 4.1% ash. The lipid showed iodine value of 97.9 that is lower than that of soybean oil and sesame oil, and similar to peanut oil and cotton seed oil. The fatty acid composition of the oil were the highest in content of linoleic acid which occupied 58.3% and saturated vs unsaturated fatty acid was 20.9:79.1. Especially behenic acid content, 6.9%, was higher than other plant oils. Sixteen amino acids were detected in the protein from the seed and glutamic acid content was the highest as 4.5% in dehulled kernel. The portion of essential amino acid was 31.1%.