• Culinary science and hospitality research
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.270-279
• /
• 2011

This study investigates the antioxidant activities of wild grape seed (Vitis coignetiea seed) extracts by solvents. Organic extracts of hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and butanol were obtained from the ethanol extracts of wild grape seed (Vitis coignetiea seed). Total phenolic compound contents of extracts from wild grape seed (Vitis coignetiea seed) by solvents were the highest in ethyl acetate extract, 64.9 mg/100 g. Electron donating abilities of organic solvent fraction obtained from 80% ethanol extracts of wild grape seed were proportionally increased with concentration, and the ethyl acetate extract(90.0%) showed stronger activities than BHT and Ascorbic acid at concentration of $100\;{\mu}L$/mL. Reducing power of organic solvent fraction obtained from 80% ethanol extracts of wild grape seed was the highest in the ethyl acetate extract(2.83) at concentration of $1,000\;{\mu}L$/mL. TBARS of the ethyl acetate extract was highest. Nitrite scavenging ability of organic solvent fraction obtained from 80% ethanol extracts of wild grape seed(pH 1.2, $1,000\;{\mu}L$/mL) was the highest in ethyl acetate extract(76.9%).

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
• /
• v.21 no.2 s.86
• /
• pp.171-179
• /
• 2005

This study was investigated on antioxidative and antimicrobial activities of PSW(pomegranate seed water extract), PSE(pomegranate seed ethanol extract) and PSO(pomegranate seed oil). The extraction yields of PSW, PSE and PSO were 28.9, 13.0 and $4.9\%$, respectively. Total phenol contents of PSW, PSE and PSO were 47, 78 mg/g(dry basis) and 40 mg/g, respectively. Electron donating abilities of PSW, PSE and PSO at 1,000 ppm were 18.8, 28.5 and $9.7\%$, respectively. Antioxidative activities in Iinoleic acid substrates at 500 ppm were in order of PSE > $\alpha-tocopherol$ > PSW > PSO. Antioxidative activities in Iinoleic acid emulsion substrates at 200 ppm were in order of $\alpha-tocopherol$l > PSE > PSW > PSO. In antimicrobial activity, PSO showed growth inhibition effect against Micrococcus luteus, Salmonella enteritidis and PSW showed growth inhibition effect against Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli. Whereas antimicrobial activity of PSE was not observed. The nitrite-scavenging abilities of PSW, PSE and PSO at 2,000 ppm were 27.5, 23.7 and $39.6\%$, respectively. And the SOD-like activities of PSW, PSE and PSO at 1,000 ppm were 15.9, 34.9 and $0.10\%$, respectively.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.15-24
• /
• 2018

This study produced instant Gochujang(red pepper paste) with enhanced convenience by increasing nutritional value and palatability, and by reducing production period, adding in the red pepper seed in the red pepper paste production in order to increase the use of the red pepper seed that is not used often as a food ingredient even though its nutrition value when producing red pepper paste was proven. Moisture content, pH, L-value, a-value, b-value, sugar contents, and salinity of instant Gochujang tended to increase as the amount of red pepper seed increased, while viscosity manifested the opposite trend. Sensory evaluations were conducted on instant Gochujang to assess differences in characteristics, which demonstrated that as the amount of red pepper seeds powder increased, the intensity of redness for the red pepper paste's external appearance, luster, spicy flavor and taste, and savory taste were evaluated strong. Meanwhile, fermentation value, which is red pepper paste's foremost weakness was evaluated as weak. Moreover, there was no difference in the size of the grain when compared to the contrast group consisting of regular red pepper paste. The results of preference test demonstrated that the RG3 with 30% of red pepper seed is optimal in terms of the external appearance, taste, texture and overall preference.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.377-381
• /
• 1987

From the profiles of triglyceride composition and the fatty acid at ${\beta}-position$ of glycerol, triglyceride molecular species were found to be 26 kinds in watermelon seed oil. The major triglyceride molecular species in watermelon seed oil were $C_{18:1}{\cdot}C_{18:2}{\cdot}C_{18:1}$ OLO; 6.4%, $C_{18:0}{\cdot}C_{18:2}{\cdot}C_{18:2}$ SLL; 7.1%, $C_{18:1}{\cdot}C_{18:2}{\cdot}C_{18:2}$ OLL; 16.6%, $C_{16:0}{\cdot}C_{18:2}{\cdot}C_{18:2}$ PLL; 19.6% and $C_{18:2}{\cdot}C_{18:2}{\cdot}C_{18:2}$ LLL; 27.6%, Triglyceride molecular species of watermelon seed oil characterized that LLL species existed more than 27% of the total triglyceride molecular species.

• Proceedings of the Ginseng society Conference
• /
• 2002.10a
• /
• pp.212-226
• /
• 2002

North American ginseng production may have been maximized in the traditional growing areas in the last decade and further increases may be in woods grown root, for niche markets. The marketplace demands high quality roots. Most problems leading to low quality roots start with the grower and can be avoided. These include poor site selection, inadequate soil drainage, untimely and poorly applied pesticides, and neglect of good sanitary practices. Selection of low lying sites increased the plant damage from frost in Ontario in May 2002. Seeding is still the major method of propagation of ginseng in spite of some success in culturing different parts of the plant. Opportunities exist for shortening the stratification period of North American ginseng seed to allow spring planting. This may reduce disease incidence. Since only one-third of ginseng seed sown ultimately produces plants harvested after 3 years any approach that reduces disease incidence and improves seed germination, seedling emergence and crop stand must be pursued. Disease is the major problem in ginseng cutivation from seed stratification, soil preparation prior to planting, right through to drying of the roots. Replant disease remains as an unresolved problem and needs full characterization and new approaches for control. Much progress has been made in research and related extension activities in disease control although challenges will arise such as with Quintozene and its replacement with Quadris for control of diseases caused by Rhizoctonia. Decreased labor populations and increased associated costs for ginseng production are causing rapid mechanization in every aspect of the ginseng industry. Engineers, machinery dealers, and fabricators, and growers are being challenged to increase efficiency by mechanization.

• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2011.04a
• /
• pp.378-379
• /
• 2011

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.351-357
• /
• 1983

To study the relationships between soybean seed yield and meteorological elements, the investigation into the important agronomic characters of Bongeui cultivar and climatic factors such as precipitation, rainy days, and temperature from 1970 to 1981 was made. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1) Coefficients of variabilities for pod-filling rate, seed yield, number of pods per plant, and seed weight were about 38%, 30%, 30%, and 5.5%, respectively. 2) Weather conditions mainly in July and August influenced soybean production. Particularly, high temperature played an important role in soybean yield reduction. 3) Correlation coefficients between maximum, minimum, or average temperature of July (and, in the case of August, maximum temperature only) and yield or seed weight, and between those of August and podfilling rate were significantly negative. 4) Regression equations between average temperature of July or maximum temperature of August and yield were Y=-42.46X +1200.86 and Y=-37.95X + 1210.42, respectively. 5) High temperature during the flowering stage affected soybean seed yield reduction significantly.

• Proceedings of the Technology Innovation Conference
• /
• 2001.06a
• /
• pp.71-95
• /
• 2001

This study reveals that the user industry has a limited role as a source of technological capability in the case of the machine tools in Korea where the user industry is relatively mope advanced than other capital goods industry. The study examined the sources of technological capability in terms of migration of workforce and flow of product design information. Although the capital goods sector is generally regarded as being the sector where the user producer interaction is important the user industry failed to be the seed-bed of technological capability to develop machines. This study argues that this finding could have implications to the specificity of capital goods in a developing country.

• Food Industry
• /
• s.45
• /
• pp.32-37
• /
• 1978

자연에서 얻어지는 고무질로서는 여러 가지 종류의 것이 많으나 한천, 알긴산염, 카라기난(Carrageenan), 퍼셀라란(furcellaran)등은 해조로부터 추출되며 Pectin, arabic gum, karaya gum, tragacanth gum, ghatti gum, guargum, 메뚜기콩고무(Locust been gum), 사이리엄고무(psyllium seed gum)등은 식물로부터 추출된다. 특히 이외에도 미생물에서 분비되는 고무질인 다당(多糖)으로는 dextran, curdlan, pullulau, 잔산고무(Xanthan gum)등도 최근에 알려진 고무질이다. 여기에서는 미생물이 생산하는 고무질인 다당(多糖)인 Xanthan gum이 새로히 식품첨가물로 지정되었기에 Xanthan gum의 발견내역, 성질, 생산과 응용면을 소개한다.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.35 no.1
• /
• pp.28-33
• /
• 1990

The present study was conducted to evaluate agronomic characters of the soybean germplasm which was collected from the sites covering southern parts of Korean peninsula. The total collections of 2748 native soybean varieties were grouped by eight levels of seed weight and the correlation between the seed weight and the other agronomic traits were determined. Seed weight was ranged from 7. 3g to 48. 4g with a great variation and averaged 23. 5g. Seed size of the many local lines were relatively large than that of foreign varieties. Frequency distribution of the germplasm for seed weight were 2.2% in Group 1 (below 10.0g), 14.7% in Group 2 (10.1-15.0g), 11.7% in Group 3 (15.1-20.0g), 26.2% in Group 4 (20.1-25.0g), 30.2% in Group 5 (25.1-30.0g). 10.6% in Group 6 (30.1-35.0g), 3.3% in Group 7 (35.1-40.0g) and 1.1% in Group 8 (over 40.0g). There was positive correlationship between seed weight and maturity or fruiting period, while there was negative correlationship between the seed weight and the other traits such as days to flowering, plant height, and number of nodes and pods. While 100 seed weight of 464 lines (16.9% of total lines) were below 15g, and those are adequate for the bean sprouts. The fruiting period of large seeded lines was longer, however the number of pods per plant of those were less lines than that of small seeded lines.