• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.253-273
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• 2022

Automated vehicles rely on information collected through sensors to drive. Therefore, the uncertainty of the information collected from a sensor is an important to address. To this end, research is conducted in the field of road and traffic to solve the uncertainty of these sensors through infrastructure or facilities. Therefore, this study developed a traffic cone that can maintaing the gaze guidance function in the construction site by securing sufficient LiDAR detection performance even in rainy conditions and verified its improvement effect through demonstration. Two types of cones were manufactured, a cross-type and a flat-type, to increase the reflective performance compared to an existing cone. The demonstration confirms that the flat-type traffic cone has better detection performance than an existing cone, even in 50 mm/h rainfall, which affects a driver's field of vision. In addition, it was confirmed that the detection level on a clear day was maintained at the 20 mm/h rain for both cones. In the future, improvement measures should be developed so that the traffic cones, that can improve the safety of automated driving, can be applied.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.149-161
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• 2022

Because the speed limit affects moving speed, it is closely related to traffic accidents as well as traffic flow. The existing speed limit calculation methods consider various engineering factors such as lanes, intersection spacing, driveways, crosswalks, 85 percentile speed, land uses, and roadway geometric characteristics etc. However, it can be said that the engineering analysis is insufficient because the traffic impact analysis considering traffic volume is not carried out. In addition, only 85 percentile speed, which is the spot speed, does not reflect the characteristics of the traffic flow on the road. In this paper, the effect of the speed limit change on the moving speed and the travel speed was analyzed in detail accordinr to the variation of intersection spacing and traffic volume. And by using the results, we proposed a speed limit calculation method that maintains the same service level as before the speed limit change, thereby increasing the speed improvement effect and reducing the difference between moving speed and travel speed. In addition, a variable speed limit operation method according to the change in traffic volume was also suggested. This method is expected to be effective in terms of safety by reducing the speed difference, which affects the severity of traffic accidents, while securing the speed improvement effect, and increasing the speed limit compliance rate of drivers by operating the speed limit that reflects the speed change due to the variation of traffic volume.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.10-17
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• 2023

A series of studies on the development of autonomous surface ships have been promoted in domestic and foreign countries. One of the main technologies for the development of autonomous ships is path-following control, which is closely related to securing the safety of ships at sea. In this regard, the path-following performance of an autonomous ship should be first evaluated at the design stage. The main aim of this study was to develop a visual and quantitative evaluation method for the path-following control performance of an autonomous ship at the design stage. This evaluation technique was developed using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based path-following control model together with a line-of-sight (LOS) guidance algorithm. CFD software was utilized to visualize waves around the ship, performing path-following control for visual evaluation. In addition, a quantitative evaluation was carried out using the difference between the desired and estimated yaw angles, as well as the distance difference between the planned and estimated trajectories. The results demonstrated that the ship experienced large deviations from the planned path near the waypoints while changing its course. It was also found that the fluid phenomena around the ship could be easily identified by visualizing the flow generated by the ship. It is expected that the evaluation method proposed in this study will contribute to the visual and quantitative evaluation of the path-following performance of autonomous ships at the design stage.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.79-89
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• 2023

The inventory of many materials requires a large storage space, and the longer the storage period, the higher the potential maintenance cost. When materials are stored on a construction site, there are also concerns about safety due to the reduction of room for movement and working. On the other hand, construction sites that do not store materials have insufficient inventory, making it difficult to respond to demands such as sudden design changes. Ordering materials is then subject to delays and extra costs. Although securing an appropriate amount of inventory is important, in many cases, material management on a construction site depends on the experience of the site manager, so a reasonable material inventory management plan that reflects the construction conditions of a site is required. This study proposes an economical material management method by reflecting variables such as the status of the preceding and following activities, site size, material delivery cost, timing of an order, and quantity of orders. To this end, we set the appropriate inventory amount while adjusting related activities in the activity network, using float time for each activity, the size of the yard, and the order quantity as the main variables, and applied a genetic algorithm to this process to suggest the optimal order timing and order quantity. The material delivery cost derived from the results is set as a fitness index and the efficiency of inventory management was verified through a case application.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.75-79
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• 2023

ESG management means to thoroughly consider the investor's perspective when evaluating corporate value, and environmental, social, and governance issues are continuous and strategic monitoring issues in identifying risk and opportunity factors related to corporate management activities. In other words, the perspective of value creation is reflected in business relationships. The fundamental purpose of ESG management is continuous business value creation and thorough management of investment risks and business transactions in contractual relationships. It is also a requirement of linked investors. The field that Korean companies are currently experiencing the most is the recognition that 'ESG information collection is necessary and maintenance must be prioritized' in investor IR and global sales and marketing departments, and the primary need for this is emerging. In addition, as the legal affairs office, environmental safety department, and human resources department, which conduct compliance management, carry out related tasks, clarity at the organizational level must precede in order to properly establish an information integration and management system. It covers the scope of securing new market opportunities such as management, disclosure and communication. Therefore, in regard to the newly emerging ESG management and response methods, it is necessary to review and implement it repeatedly so that sustainable exchange profits can be created by simultaneously managing non-financial risks as well as efforts to enhance corporate value for financial returns.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.633-640
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• 2023

In this study, numerical analysis was performed based on field investigation to derive an appropriate reinforcement method by analyzing the displacement behavior characteristics of concrete blocks generated in the direct fixation track on the bridges of the serviced light rail transit. The track of this study was a direct fixation track on a sharp curved track, and the problem of movement of the concrete blocks installed on the bridge deck in the longitudinal and lateral directions occurred. In this study, based on the finite element model using 3D solid elements, the behavior of the direct fixation track that could be occurred under operating load conditions was analyzed. In addition, the reinforcement effect of various reinforcement methods was analyzed. As a result of analyzing the lateral displacement before and after reinforcement, it was analyzed that the maximum lateral displacement after reinforcement under the extreme lateral wheel loads significantly decreased to about 3% (about 0.1mm) compared to before reinforcement. In addition, as a result of examining the generated stress of the filling mortar, bridge decks, and reinforcing bar, it was analyzed that all of them secured a sufficient safety factor of 2.6 or higher, and the optimal conditions for the reinforcement method were derived. Therefore, it is judged that the number of anchoring reinforcements and symmetrical anchor placement reviewed in this study will be effective in controlling the occurrence of lateral displacement of concrete blocks and securing the structural integrity of bridges and concrete blocks.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.236-238
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• 2022

According to the current Road Traffic Act, the 2020 amendment bill is currently in effect as a system that designates vehicle types for each lane for the purpose of securing road use efficiency and traffic safety. When comparing the number of traffic accident fatalities per 10,000 vehicles in Germany and Korea, the number of traffic accident deaths in Germany is significantly lower than in Korea. The representative case of the German autobahn, which did not impose a speed limit, suggests that Korea's speeding laws are not the only answer to reducing the accident rate. The designated lane system, which is observed in accordance with the keep right principle of the Autobahn Expressway, plays a major role in reducing traffic accidents. Based on this fact, we propose a traffic enforcement system to crack down on vehicles violating the designated lane system and improve the compliance rate. We develop a designated lane enforcement system that recognizes vehicle types using Yolo5, a deep learning object recognition model, recognizes license plates and lanes using OpenCV, and stores the extracted data in the server to determine whether or not laws are violated.Accordingly, it is expected that there will be an effect of reducing the traffic accident rate through the improvement of driver's awareness and compliance rate.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.33-45
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• 2023

The importance of play from a Children's Rights perspective has been continuously emphasized, and the need for play facilities and spaces has been reiterated. Meanwhile, in South Korea, despite the continuous increase in the number of play facilities, efforts to improve children's play spaces are required. Therefore, this study reevaluated the current regulations and policies concerning play and play spaces from the perspective of securing the right to play. An analysis of the legal concept of domestic playgrounds, related laws, construction standards, and regulations was conducted. The systems and characteristics of the related regulations in the UK, Canada, and Germany were analyzed. Based on the results of the comparative analysis, our directions for improving the system of playgrounds to ensure the children's right to play were proposed. First, a legal definition of the concept and scope of playgrounds should be established. Second, beyond safety-focused facility regulations, there is a need for institutional enhancements to ensure the right to play. Third, comprehensive management of playgrounds is required as a spatial concept rather than as individual facilities. Fourth, qualitative management is needed through specific guidelines and guidelines related to the establishment of playgrounds. These results can serve as a basis for establishing systems and promoting policy projects to ensure children's right to play in various fields, including urban planning, child welfare, and education in the future.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.437-447
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• 2023

By actively adopting technologies from the Fourth Industrial Revolution, the port industry is trending toward new types of ports, such as automated and smart ports. However, behind the development of these ports, there is an increasing risk of cyber security incidents and threats within ports and container terminals, including information leakage through cargo handling equipment and ransomware attacks leading to disruptions in terminal operations. Despite the necessity of research to enhance cyber security within ports, there is a lack of such studies in the domestic context. This study focuses on Busan Port, a representative port in South Korea that actively incorporates technology from the Fourth Industrial Revolution, in order to discover variables for improving cyber security in container terminals. The research results categorized factors for enhancing cyber security in Busan Port's container terminals into network construction and policy support, standardization of education and personnel training, and legal and regulatory factors. Subsequently, multiple regression analysis was conducted based on these factors, leading to the identification of detailed factors for securing and enhancing safety, reliability, performance, and satisfaction in Busan Port's container terminals. The significance of this study lies in providing direction for enhancing cyber security in Busan Port's container terminals and addressing the increasing incidents of cyber security attacks within ports and container terminals.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.117-136
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• 2024

Deep geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste is imperative to national safety and environmental protection and it relies on establishing siting criteria suited to the geological and social conditions of each country. This paper compares the various geological and social criteria applied by different countries in the process of securing sites for the deep geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste. The present comparative analysis considers the siting criteria established by the worlds leading countries in high-level radioactive waste disposal with the aims of establishing detailed criteria appropriate to Korea's conditions and applying the criteria to explore safe and suitable sites for deep geological disposal. The findings of this research are expected to serve as a foundation for establishing criteria for the selection of disposal sites for high-level radioactive waste in Korea and are anticipated to contribute significantly to sustainable national development and environmental protection.