• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.50-53
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• 2012

This paper describes experimental study on GM-type pulse tube refrigerator (PTR). In a PTR, the pulse tube is only filled with working gas and there exists secondary flow due to a large temperature difference between cold-end and warm-end. The stability of secondary flow is affected by orientation of cold-head and thus, the cooling performance is deteriorated by gas mixing due to secondary flow. In this study, a single stage GM-type pulse tube refrigerator is fabricated and tested. The cooing performance of the fabricated PTR is measured as varying cold-head orientation angle and the results are used as reference data. Then, we divided interior space of pulse tube into three segments, and fixed the various size of screen mesh at interface of each segment to suppress the performance degradation due to secondary flow. For various configuration of pulse tube, no-load test and heat load test are carried out with the fixed experimental condition of charging pressure, operating frequency and orifice valve turns. From experimental results, the fine screen mesh shows the effective suppression of performance degradation for the large orientation angle, but the use of screen mesh cause the loss of cooling capacity rather than the case of no insertion into pulse tube. It should be compromised whether the use of screen mesh in consideration of the installation limitation of a GM-type pulse tube refrigerator.

• 한국비블리아학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.17-29
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 서지, 색인, 목록의 개념을 정의하고, 어린이청소년자료를 가공하여 생산된 국내외 이차자료를 조사하였다. 따라서 서지, 색인, 종합목록, 권장도서목록, 수상아동도서목록, 주요저널을 중심으로 생산실태와 주요 특징을 살펴보았다. 본 연구의 결과를 통해서 국내 어린이 이차자료의 현황을 파악할 수 있었으며, 권장도서목록과 문학상수상도서목록이 주를 이루었을 뿐 그 외의 서지, 색인은 전무한 실정이었다. 반면에, 외국의 경우에는 서지 및 색인 등 다양한 이차자료가 생산되고 있었다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.471-476
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• 2010

This paper has studied dissymmetrical light distribution design using the secondary optics in the simulation. fundamental Lambertian radiation distribution based on LED has been cut off by the secondary optics, and the first surface slope of lens and second surface slope of total reflection area have been calculated through formula. PMMA (the index of refraction: 1.49361) which is material of lens has been selected. critical angle($42.02993^{\circ}$) between Air and PMMA has been calulated by snell's law, and total reflection angle slope has been selected about $16.67^{\circ}$ to occur the total reflection. when the first surface slope and the second surface slope has been set up, Rays of all total reflection area have generated the total reflection. finally, designed LED Module has been estimated by Korean Industrial Standards for LED safety street lighting. dissymmetrical light distribution have been analyzed with reached effect of road illuminance, and average road illuminance which are each 70.6 lx, 40.35 lx, and 25.88 lx have been satisfied with Korean Industrial Standards for LED safety street lighting.

• 대한전자공학회논문지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.95-100
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• 1990

1차와 2차 Seed grain을 제조하였다. 보다 큰 grain size를 갖는 1차 seed의 제조 조건은 2.0mol.%의 $BaCO_3$ 첨가와 10시간의 소경이었다. 가장 큰 2차 seed를 얻을 수 있는 1차 seed의 첨가량이 3wt.%로 나타나서, 전통적 방식으로 제조된 바 있는 저전압용 바리스터계에 이를 첨가하여 저전압 ZnO 바리스터를 제조하였다. 이와 같은 조건하에서 제조된 바리스터는 대개 10V/mm의 항복전압과 15~22의 비선형지수를 나타냈다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.74-80
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• 2003

The effects of risering design and alloying element on the formation of defects such as external depression, primary and secondary shrinkage cavities in ductile cast iron were investigated. Two types of risering design for the cylindrically step-wise specimen, No. 1(progressive solidification) and No. 2(directional solidification) risering designs, were prepared and six different alloy compositions were casted. In the No. 1 risering design, external depression or primary shrinkage cavities due to liquid contraction were observed in all the specimens from SG 10 to SG 60. The defects caused by liquid contraction seemed to be more affected by risering design than alloying elements. The secondary shrinkage cavities were also observed in all the specimens but a swollen surface was not observed in all the castings. The primary shrinkage cavities were located right under the top surface or connected to the top surface, and were characterized by smooth surfaces. On the other hand, the secondary shrinkage cavities were positioned in the thermal center of the specimen steps 3 and 4, and characterized by rough surfaces. In the No. 2 risering design, no external depression or primary shrinkage cavities due to liquid contraction were observed in all the specimens from SG 10 to SG 60. However, the secondary shrinkage cavities were formed in the thermal center of specimens SG 40, 50 and 60. Like the No. 1 risering design, a swollen surface was not observed in all the castings.

• 세라미스트
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.357-367
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• 2019

Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry(SIMS) is an analytical method that measures the distribution and concentration of elements or compounds by analyzing the mass of secondary ions released by irradiating ion beams with energy of hundreds eV to 20 keV on the sample surface. Unlike other similar analytical instruments, SIMS directly detect the elemental ions that constitute a sample, allowing you to accurately identify components and obtain concentration information in the depth direction. It is also a great feature for measuring isotopes and analyzing light elements, especially hydrogen. In particular, with the development of materials science, there is an increasing demand for trace concentration analysis and isotope measurements in the micro-regions of various materials. SIMS has a short history compared to other similar methods; nevertheless, SIMS is still advancing in hardware and is expected to contribute to the development of materials science through research and development of advanced analytical techniques.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2005

For the good combination of high-temperature strength, toughness and creep property, $9-12\%$ chromium steels are often used for gas turbine compressors, steam turbine rotors, blade and casing. In this study, the correlation of microstructural evolution and mechanical properties was investigated fur the specimens heat-treated at 600, 650 and $700^{\circ}C$ for 1000, 3000 and 5000 hrs. The microstructure of as-received specimen was tempered martensite with a high dislocation density, small sub-grains and fine secondary phase such as $M_23C_6$. Aging for long-time at high temperature caused the growth of martensite lath and the decrease of dislocation density resulting in the decrease in strength. However, the evolution of secondary phases had influence on hardness, yield strength and impact property. In the group A specimen aged at $600^{\circ}C\;and\;650^{\circ}C$, Laves phase was observed. The Laves phase caused the increase of the hardness and the decrease of the impact property. In addition, the abrupt growth of secondary phases caused decrease of the impact property in both A and B group specimens.

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 1999년도 추계학술발표강연 및 논문개요집
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• pp.45-45
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• 1999

• 한국섬유공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국섬유공학회 1990년도 제2차 학술발표초록집
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• pp.30-30
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• 1990

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 2007년도 추계학술발표대회 및
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• pp.128.2-128.2
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• 2007