• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.210-218
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• 2000

It is absolutely important to design passenger seat so that train passengers can satisfy because passenger seat is one of the most important parts in tile determination of passenger's satisfaction for train.. So, it is necessary to consider passengers' characteristics, requirements, and dissatisfactions in seat design. However, passengers' dissatisfactions for the seat of Mugunghwa-ho train have been often raised through various routes. It is necessary to resolve their dissatisfactions to provide comfortable trip to passengers. So, we designed a seat of new Mugunghwa-ho train that resolved passengers' dissatisfactions. Our focusing design parts were the seat pan and the backrest of passenger seat. We investigated passengers' dissatisfactions for the seat of Mugunghwa-ho train through various methods and the human factors design guidelines of passenger seat through literature survey. We designed a new seat on the basis of investigated results. For newly designed seat, we evaluated comfort, sensible satisfaction, and fitness in comparison with the existing seat. An experimental method and a subjective method were used in this evaluation. In all aspects, new seat was superior to the existing.

• Journal of Drive and Control
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.1-6
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• 2016

Typically, the seat of an automotive vehicle generally includes a horizontal seat-cushion portion and a vertical seat-back portion that is operatively connected to the seat-cushion portion. The seat may include a recliner for the reclining of the seat-back portion relative to the seat-cushion portion by the seat occupant. An energy absorber or damper can also be provided for the seat-back portion. Because the recliner is configured to be released at a relatively high speed, and it results in an impact at the end of a folding stroke, the damper needs to dissipate energy as the seat back moves with respect to the seat cushion; therefore, the role of the seat damper in the automotive-seat design is important. In this paper, the mechanism of an hydraulic-type automotive-seat damper is investigated, and the torque characteristic is simulated according to the design-parameter variations such as the orifice area and the working-fluid properties.

• IE interfaces
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.210-217
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• 2001

Because passenger seat is one of the most important parts in the determination of passengers' satisfaction for train, it is absolutely important to design the passenger seat so that train passengers can satisfy. So, in the seat design it is necessary to consider passengers' characteristics, requirements, and dissatisfactions. However, passengers' dissatisfactions for the seat of Mugunghwa-ho train have been often raised through various routes. It is necessary to resolve their dissatisfactions to provide comfortable trip to passengers. So, we designed a new seat of Mugunghwa-ho train that resolved passengers' dissatisfactions. Our focusing design parts were the seat pan and the backrest of passenger seat. We investigated passengers' dissatisfactions for the seat of Mugunghwa-ho train through various methods and the human factors design guidelines through literature survey. We designed a new seat on the basis of investigated results. For newly designed seat, we evaluated comfort and sensible satisfaction in comparison with the existing seat. An experimental method and subjective methods were used in this evaluation. In all aspects, the new seat was superior to the existing.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.205-212
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• 2003

This paper may provide a basic design data for the safer car seat mechanism and the quality of the material used by finding out the passenger's dynamic behavior when protected by seat belt during collision. A computer simulation with finite element method is used to accomplish this objective. At first, a detailed geometric model of the seat is constructed using CAD program. The formation of a finite element from a geometric data of the seat is carried out using Hyper-Mesh that is the commercial software for mesh generation and post processing. In addition to seat modeling, the finite element model of seat belt and dummy is formed using the same software. Rear impact analysis is accomplished using Pam-Crash with crash pulse. The part of the recliner and right frame is under big stress in rear crash analysis because the acceleration force is exerted on the back of the seat by dummy. The stress condition of the part of the bracket is checked as well because it is considered as an important variable on the seat design. Front impact model which including dummy and seal belt is analyzed. A Part of anchor buckle of seat frame has high stress distribution because of retraction force due to forward motion of dummy at the moment of collision. On the basis of the analysis result, remodeling and reanalysis works had been repeatedly done until a satisfactory result is obtained.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.127-134
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• 2000

This paper presents the development of a semi-active seat damper using MR fluids and the performance analysis of seat suspension system with a MR seat damper. An annular orifice type MR seat damper is proposed for a seat suspension of a commercial vehicle. After formulating the governing equation of motion, then an appropriate size of the seat damper is designed and manufactured. Following the evaluation of field-dependant damping force characteristics, the controllability of the damping force is experimentally demonstrated in time domain by adopting PID controller. A semi-active seat suspension with the proposed MR damper is constructed and its dynamic model is established. Subsequently, vibration control capability of the semi-active suspension system is investigated by employing the sky-hook controller.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.1-4
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• 2014

In recent years, requests for automotive seat comfort are increasing. An important issue of them is long-term seat comfort. Until now, the study for long-term seat comfort has been studied mainly using driver's questionnaire, changing adrenalin and electromyography. Actually the results and methodologies of them are difficult to apply to seat development and design because of money and time required. In this study, we developed Seating Feel Curve for seat comfort evaluation and a long-term seat comfort evaluation which can be applied to the development of seat comfort using seat support.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2013.04a
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• pp.780-787
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• 2013

Virtual Seat Method (VSM) is used in this study for a combined evaluation method (objective & subjective) to determine comfort value of passenger vehicle seat in terms of idle vibration. In the study, a process for applying VSM divided into two stages is established. Two kinds of seat mounting passenger vehicle and six subjects are employed to compare the comfort value obtained by VSM method and by SEAT value. As a conclusion, the results by the two methods were well consistent so that VSM is verified as a method to measure ride comfort of seat in terms of idle vibration at passenger vehicle.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.959-964
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• 2010

Seat belt is an important means to protect drivers and passengers from the damages by car accidents. Many ways to increase the seat belt wearing rate have been proposed through human factors researches. The primary ways to increase seat belt use rate have emphasized the intention-behavior cycle. This study focused on the gap between intention and behavior. The gap may be bridged by the habit for seat belt use behavior. Divers following a desirable car starting sequence, from sitting on the chair, fastening seat belt, starting engine to moving a car, reported that higher belt wearing rate and unconscious behavior (automated response). That is, the habitualized procedure knowledge prevented drivers from forgetting to fasten their seat belt. The reminder systems such as warning light and warning sound could not significantly give an influence in remembering to fasten seat belt. In order to increase the seat belt use rate, the desirable car starting procedure should be included in the driving education program.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.25-36
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• 1992

A possible adverse effect on the likelihood of front-seat occupant fatalities from unbelted rear-seat occupants in frontal crashes is investigated using Fatal Accident Reporting System data. Passenger cars which sustained frontal damage and which did not roll over are included in this analysis. Of the frontally damaged cars, only cars containing a driver and a right-front passenger are selected. Then, from these cars, the following three cases are considered: a) left-rear occupant present, b) right-rear occupant present, and c) no one else in the car. Cars belonging to a) or b) contain only three occupants, and those belonging to the last case contain only two occupants. In addition, all occupants are unbelted. To estimate the influence of rear-seat occupants on front-seat occupant fatalities, relative risks of driver and right-front passenger fatalities are compared pairwise across these three cases. The adverse influence of unbelted rear-seat occupants on the likelihood of unbelted front-seat occupant fatalities in frontal crashes is estimated to be 7.9% ${\pm}$ 45%(the error limits indicate one standard error). In other words, front-seat occupant fatalities are increased 7.9% in frontal crashes due to the loadings from unbelted rear-seat occupants. This suggests that the usage of safety belts by rear-seat occupants not only may extend their own lives but also helps in reducing the fatalities of front-seat occupants seated in front of them.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.157-165
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the importance of developing slim seats with ergonomic design to improve seat comfort and expand the interior space. Two seats were used for the experiment: a sample seat designed based on hip shape and spinal alignment and a normal seat with a flat design without curves. Subjects sat in both the sample seat and a normal seat applied to the vehicle simulator and the experiment was conducted. The next part of the experiment was conducted in two different postures: a driving posture and a relaxed posture. The subjects filled out a comfort questionnaire immediately after sitting and after 30 minutes. The results showed that the comfort in the sample seat was found to be more comfortable than the normal seat. However, no significant difference was noted for the relaxation posture. Pressure distribution was also recorded immediately after sitting and after 30 minutes. In the case of pressure distribution, it was confirmed that the pressure in the sample seat was more evenly distributed in both the driving and relaxed postures than in the normal seat. The results showed that the ergonomically designed sample seat greatly improved seating comfort and pressure distribution compared to the normal seat, which is a general vehicle seat design.