• 해양환경안전학회:학술대회논문집
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• 해양환경안전학회 2003년도 추계학술발표회
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• pp.219-225
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• 2003

The present study intends to assess the long-term steric sea-level change and its prediction, and potential impacts to the sea-level rise due to the 21st global warming in the coastal zone of the Korea in which much socioeconomic activities have been occurred. The analysis of the 23 tide-gauge data near Korea reveals the overall mean sea-level trend of 2.31 mm/yr.In the satellite altimeter data (Topex/Poseidon and ERS), the sea-level trend in the East Sea is 4.6mm/yr. Both are larger than those of the global average value. However, it is quite questionable that the sea-level trends with the tide-gauge data on the neighboring seas of Korea relate to global warming because of the relatively short observation period and large spatial variability. It is also not clear whether the high trend of altimeter data in the East Sea is related to the acceleration of sea level rise in the Sea, short response time of the Sea, natural variability such as decadal variability, short duration of the altimeter. The coastal zone of Korea appears to be quite vulnerable to the 21st sea level rise such that for the I-m sea level rise with high tide and storm surge, the inundation area is 2,643 km2, which is about $1.2\%$ of total area and the population in the risk areas of inundation is 1.255 million, about $2.6\%$ of total population. The coastal zone west of Korea is appeared to be the most vulnerable area compared to the east and south. In the west of the Korea, the North Korea appears to be more vulnerable than South Korea. In order to cope with the future possible impact of sea-level rise to the coastal zone of Korea effectively, it is essential to improve scientific information in the sea-level rise trend, regional prediction, and vulnerability assessment near Korean coast.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2015년도 학술발표회
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• pp.222-222
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• 2015

Vietnam is one of the most vulnarable countries affected by climate change and sea level rise. One of the consequences of climate change and sea level rise is the increase of salinity intrusion into the rivers which is challenging to irrigation systems in coastal areas. This indicates the necessary to study the ability of taking water through sluice gates of irrigation systems in coastal zones, especially in the dry season with the effects of climate change and sea level rise in the future. In this paper, Nam Thai Binh irrigation system is selected as a case study. The irrigation system is one of 22 biggest irrigation systems of the Red River delta in Vietnam located in coastal region. The computed duration is selected in dry season to irrigate for Winter-Spring crops. The irrigation water for the study area is taken from different sluice gates along the Red River and the Tra Ly River. In this paper, MIKE-11 model was applied to assess the ability of taking water for irrigation of the study area in current situation and in the context of climate change and sea level rise senario in 2050 (under the medium emissions scenario (B2) published by the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment of Vietnam published in 2012) with different condition of water availability. The operation of the gates depends on the water levels and sanility conditions. The sanility and water level at different water intake gates of Nam Thai Binh irrigation system were simulated with different senarios with and without climate change and sea level rise. The result shows that, under climate change and sea water level rise, some gates can take more water but some can not take water because of salinity excess and the total water taking from the different gates along the rivers decrease while the water demand is increase. The study indicates the necessary to study quantitatively some recommended solutions in the study area particularly and in coastal region generally in Vietnam to ensure water demand for irrigation and other purposes in the context of climate change and sea level rise in the future.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.113-122
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• 2017

Natural disasters caused by climate change are increasing globally. There are few studies on the quantitative analysis methods for predicting damages in the island area due to sea level rise. Therefore, it is necessary to study the damage prediction analysis method using the GIS which can quantitatively analyze. In this paper, we analyze the cause and status of sea level rise, quantify the vulnerability index, establish an integrated terrestrial modeling method of the ocean and land, and establish a method of analyzing the damage area and damage scale due to sea level rise using GIS and the method of making the damage prediction figure was studied. In order to extract the other affected areas to sea level rise are apart of the terrain model is generated by one requires a terrain modeling of target areas are offshore and vertical reference system differences in land, found the need for correction by a tidal observations and geoid model there was. Grading of terrain, coastline erosion rate, coastal slope, sea level rise rate, and even average by vulnerable factors due to sea level rise indicates that quantitative damage prediction is possible due to sea level rise in the island area. In the case of vulnerable areas extracted by GIS, residential areas and living areas are concentrated on the coastal area due to the nature of the book area, and field survey shows that coastal changes and erosion are caused by sea level rise or tsunami.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제11권11호
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• pp.1141-1147
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• 2002

Based on the tide gauge data from the Permanent Service for Meau Sea Level (PSMSL) collected at 23 locations in the Korean coast, the long-term sea-level trend was computed using a simple linear regression fit over the recorded length of the monthly mean sea-level data. The computed sea-level trend was also corrected for the vertical land movement due to post glacial rebound(PGR) using the ICE-4G(VM2) model output. It was found that the PGR-corrected sea-level trend near Korea was 2.310 $\pm$ 2.220 mm/yr, which is higher than the global average at 1.0∼2.0mm/yr, as assessed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC). The regional distribution of the long-term sea-level trend near Korea revealed that the South Sea had the largest sea-level rise followed by the West Sea and East Sea, respectively, supporting the results of the previous study by Seo et al. However, due to the relatively short record period and large spatial variability, the sea-level trend from the tide gauge data for the Korean coast could be biased with a steric sea-level rise by the global warming during the 20th century.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2006년도 International Symposium on GPS/GNSS Vol.2
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• pp.173-177
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• 2006

From the viewpoint of coastal hydrodynamics, one of the most important effects of global warming is a sea-level rise in coastal areas. In the present study, impacts on port facilities against sea-level rise were investigated. The sea-level rise causes the increase of the water depth, and it generates variations on the wave height, buoyancy, tidal system and nearshore current system and so on. The increase of water depth gives rise to the decrease of crown height of the structure and it causes increase of wave overtopping quantity. It may flood the port zone and its facilities, and may decrease harbor tranquility. It also leads to difficulties on navigation, mooring and loading/unloading at the port. Increase in water depth also causes increase of wave height in surf zone. This high wave makes structures unstable and may cause them to collapse during storm. In addition, increase in buoyant force due to sea-level rise also makes the gravity type structures unstable. Consequently, theses variations due to sea-level rise will cause functional deterioration of port facilities. In order to protect port facilities from the functional deterioration, reinforcement plan is required such as raising the crown height and increase in block weight and so on. Hence proper estimation method for the protection cost is necessary in order to protect port facilities efficiently. Moreover response strategies and integrated coastal zone management plan is required to maintain the function of port facilities. A simple estimation of cost for breakwaters in Korea was performed in the present study.

• 한국해안·해양공학회논문집
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.253-264
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• 2019

태풍으로 인한 폭풍해일은 주로 여름철에 발생하는데, steric 효과 특성으로 하계에는 연평균 해수면보다 높은 해면이 나타나 이들의 복합적 효과를 고려한 해안 저지대의 월파범람 해석이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 이와 같이 하계에 발생하는 태풍해일 및 월파범람 취약성 해석을 위해 서남해안에 위치한 인천, 군산, 목포, 서귀포에서 관측된 1시간 간격의 기압과 조석 자료를 분석하였다. 여름철 평균 해수면 상승은 연평균 해수면 상승보다 서해안에서 약 20 cm, 남해안에서 15~20 cm 높게 나타난다. 해수면 상승 변화는 계절적 해면기압 변화와 밀접하게 연관되어 있는데, 1.58~1.73 cm/hPa의 범위에 있다. 이들의 상호 기작에서 한 달 또는 그 이상의 위상차가 발생한다. 해수면 상승 이외에 18.6년 장주기 조석 성분의 변화에 의해 2090년에 $M_2$ 분조의 진폭이 서남해안에서 최대값을 갖는 것으로 나타난다. 따라서 지구 온난화 및 해수면 상승과 관련된 목표 연도를 2090년에 맞춰서 분석할 필요성이 있다. 해수면 변화에 영향을 주는 연평균 해수면 상승, 하계 해수면 상승, 그리고 nodal factor 변동에 의한 복합적 효과와 100년 빈도 해일고를 고려한 월파 침수 범람을 모의한 결과 부산 수영만 일대 대부분이 월파에 의한 침수 범람이 발생하는 것으로 나타난다. 아울러 마린시티에서 최근 발생한 태풍 차바에 의한 월파량 보다 2090년에 2배 이상 증가되는 것으로 나타나기 때문에 월파범람 위험성에 대한 대비책을 마련할 수 있는 적절한 연안 설계가 필요하다.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2013

본 연구는 RCP 4종 시나리오(RCP 2.6, RCP 4.5, RCP 6.0, RCP 8.5)를 적용하여 얻어진 2100년까지의 대기온도 상승값을 해수면 상승 계산방법 중에 하나인 반경험식법(Semi-empirical method)에 적용하여 해수면 상승치를 예측하였다. RCP 4종 시나리오에서 얻어진 결과에 따르면 모든 시나리오에서 해수면이 꾸준히 상승하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 2050년도까지 RCP 4종 시나리오에 대한 해수면 상승의 차이가 최대 0.08 m 이내였으나 2100년도에는 최대 0.5 m까지 해수면 상승의 격차를 보이고 있었다. RCP 2.6, RCP 4.5, RCP 6.0, RCP 8.5 시나리오의 2100년도 해수면 예상 상승치는 각각 0.87 m, 1.21 m, 1.02 m, 1.36 m였다. RCP 8.5시나리오는 2060년 이후로 대기온도 상승치가 다른 시나리오에 비해 급상승하는데, 2100년 이후 다른 시나리오와의 해수면 상승 격차는 더 커질 것으로 예상된다. 단순한 비례식으로 추정하면, 2080년도에 RCP 4종 시나리오의 최대 격차가 0.21 m였으나 20년 후인 2100년에는 그 두 배가 넘는 최대 0.5 m였다. 따라서 2120년에는 그 격차가 1.2 m 이상 될 수도 있다.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.627-635
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• 2017

Sea level rise caused by climate change has become a global issue. Sea level rise seems to be an important factor of the research for coastal areas as it affects topography and vegetation of coasts and especially for the plan of coastal wetlands restoration which needs to be carried out for a long term, it has to be considered sufficiently. The coastal wetlands in Korea was damaged by the land reclamation project but recent concerns on the restoration have increased as its value is evaluated highly. Suncheon Bay had also reclaimed from wetlands to rice field once however this site is very active for restoration nowadays. This study estimated an effect according to sea level rise by 2100, reappearing the none dike condition of Suncheon Bay so that it can be taken account of a future plan of wetland restoration. The Sea Level Affecting Marshes Model(SLAMM) was selected as predicting model. The input data such as DEM(Digital Elevation Model), slope, wetlands category, sea level rise senario, tidal range and accretion rate was applied for the simulation. The results showed a decrease in tidal flat, an increase in sea area and a change of the rice field to transitional salt marsh consistently by 2100. These results of this study could be used as baseline data in the future plan of ecological restoration in Suncheon Bay.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.19-27
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• 1999

This paper is to estimate the long and short term variations of mean sea level in Korean coastal waters by identifying interrelations among the mean sea level, atmospheric pressure and air temperature along the coast. For this, long-term tidal data observed at tidal and weather observation stations were brought into a statistical analysis. It was noted that, in a general sense, an inverse relationship exists between the sea level and the atmospheric pressure and a positive relationship between the sea level and air temperature, respectively. The maximum difference of monthly mean sea level was in the range of 21 to 25 cm at the eastern and southeastern coasts, meanwhile more than 30 cm being in both in southern and western coasts. It was also noted that mean sea level continues to rise in a long-term basis. Long-term variation of mean sea level trends to rise 0.10 ∼ 0.44 cm per year for each region. However, the long-term variation of mean sea level in the isolated islands shows a different trend, Ullngdo being 0.41 cm fall per year and Chejudo being 0.44 cm rise per year.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.520-532
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• 2015

황해 동부 해안의 홀로세 해수면 변동 특성을 이해하고 시기 별 상승추세를 비교하기 위하여 지질학적 대리기록과 기기관측 자료를 통합하여 분석하였다. 홀로세 동안 황해의 해수면은 초기에 약 10 mm/yr의 속도로 빠르게 상승하고 중기를 거쳐 후기로 갈수록 해수면 상승률은 1 mm/yr 정도로 둔화되며, 20세기 해수면은 홀로세 후기보다 다소 빠르게 상승하였다. 빠른 상승으로 알려진 현재 해수면 상승률은 홀로세 초기와 중기의 상승추세와 비교할 때 사실 훨씬 낮거나 비슷하게 나타난다. 최근 조위계 자료는 황해 해수면이 21세기로 갈수록 상승률이 높아지고 있음을 나타낸다. 이러한 상승 추세는 전 지구적 해수면 변화와 일치한다. 추가적으로, 연구지역에서 현재의 해수면 상승 추세는 이산화탄소 농도와 해수표층온도의 증가율과 대비되며, 이는 인간활동에 수반된 지구온난화의 신호이다. 그러므로 황해 동부와 전세계의 해양에서 관찰되는 현 지구온난화에 의해 야기된 해수면 변화를 '인류세' 해수면 변화라고 제안한다. 이 해수면변화는 조위계와 인공위성 고도계 같은 기기관측을 기반으로 하며, 계측시대를 의미한다. 이와 같이, 황해의 홀로세 해수면 변동은 대리기록으로, '인류세' 해수면은 기기관측을 기반으로 한다.