• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.44-48
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• 1990

This study was conducted to find out the effects of fertilizer application amounts on the root yield and the available constituents contents in root of Scutellaria baicalensis George. The baicalin contents decreased when nitrogen was applied at 18Kg/10a, but were not effected by P and K application. The contents of fructose, glucose and sucrose increased as applying P nutrient, but decreased with N application. The contents of ash, ethanol extract were not effected by fertilizer application, but acid-insoluble ash contents decreased as the N and P application increased. The root yield increased when nitrogen and potassium were applied at 12Kg/10a and 6Kg/10a, respectively.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.90-96
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• 2013

Effects of dietary Scutellaria baicalensis extract (SBE) on growth, feed utilization and challenge test of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) were determined. Six hundred thirty fish averaging 5.0 g were distributed into 18, 180-L tanks. Six experimental diets were prepared in triplicate: SBE-0, SBE-0.5, SBE-1, SBE-2, SBE-3 and SBE-5 diets containing SBE at the concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 5%, respectively. Fish were hand-fed to apparent satiation twice a day for 8 wks. At the end of 8-wk feeding trial, ten fish from each tank were infected by Edwardsiella tarda for challenge test. Survival and weight gain of fish were not affected by dietary concentrations of SBE. However, specific growth rate of fish fed the SBE-2 diet was higher than that of fish fed the SBE-0, SBE-1, SBE-3 and SBE-5 diets. Neither feed efficiency nor serum chemical composition of fish was affected by dietary concentrations of SBE. The cumulative mortality of fish fed the SBE-0 diet was 100% at 96 h after E. tarda infection, but 77 to 87% for fish fed the other diets. Dietary inclusion of 2% SBE appears to be recommendable to improve specific growth rate of fish and SBE had the potential to mitigate mortality of fish at E. tarda infection.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.247-255
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• 2017

Scutellaria Baicalensis(SB) is widely used in traditional and modern oriental medicine. It possesses several biology activities such as anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antiviral activities. In this study, a functional high density polyethylene (HDPE) fabric with antimicrobial properties was developed using zeolite microparticles as a SB extract delivery carrier. Zeolites loaded with SB extract were prepared by immersing in an SB extract aqueous solution. The average size of the SB extract-loaded zeolites was about 0.1 to $2.0{\mu}m$, and the morphology of the zeolites was not altered after SB extract binding. The resulting SB extract-loaded zeolites were then immobilized homogeneously onto the HDPE fabric using acrylic binder. The encapsulation efficiency of SB extract to the zeolite was more than 45%. The in vitro release test of SB extract-loaded zeolites containing HDPE fabrics showed release of 35% of the total SB extract by day 1 in a 24hours immersion study. Moreover, the SB extract-loaded zeolites containing HDPE fabrics showed effective antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, indicating that this innovative delivery platform potently imparted antimicrobial activity to the HDPE fabric. In conclusion, the current study suggests that the HDPE fabric containing the SB extract-loaded zeolites microparticle carrier system has potential as an effective antimicrobial textile such as safety gloves, protective gloves etc.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.43-48
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• 1993

Present experiments were carried out to examine the effect of plant growthregulators for callus induction and plantlet regeneration through leaf tissue culture of Scutellaria baicalensis GEORGI. The results indicated that Callus was induced well on MS medium supplemented with 0.5mg/L NAA or 0.5mg/L NAA Plus 0.5mg/L zeatin. MS medium supplemented with 1.0mg/L BAP plus 0. 5mg /L NAA or 1. 0mg /L zeatin Plus 0.5mg /L NAA and 1.0mg /L NAA were the most effective for plant regeneration. Thin layer chromatogram of baicalin component (Rf 0.39) was observed from callus cultured on MS medium containing 0.5mg /L NAA plus 0.5mg /L zeatin.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.125-138
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• 2002

Learning and memory are essential requirements for every living organism in order to cope with environmental demands, and cholinergic systems are known to be involved in learning and memory. Scutellaria baicalensis (SB) and Gastrodia elata (GE) as a traditional Oriental medicine have been clinically used to treat or prevent memory deficits, including Alzheimer's disease. In the present study, we investigated the effects of SB and GE on learning and memory in the Morris water maze task and the central cholinergic system of the rats with excitotoxic medial septum lesions. In the water maze test, the animals were trained to find a platform at a fixed position over 6 days and then received a 60-s probe trial in which the platform was removed from the pool on the 7th day. Ibotenic lesion of the medial septum (MS) impaired their performance in the maze test (latency of acquisition test on the 3rd day, $27.6{\pm}$4.4 sec vs. $61.7{\pm}17.7$ sec; retention test, $7.9{\pm}1.3%$ vs. $5.7{\pm}1.0%$: sharn vs. ibotenic lesioned groups, respectively) and reduced choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) - immunoreactivity in the MS and the hippocarnpus, which is a marker for degeneration of the central cholinergic system (number of cells, $21.1{\pm}1.1$ vs. $13.2{\pm}1.3$: sham vs. ibotenic lesioned group). Daily administrations of SB (100mg/kg, p.o.) and GE (100mg/kg, p.o.) for 21 consecutive days produced significant reversals of ibotenic acid-induced deficit in learning and memory. These treatments also reduced the loss of cholinergic immunoreactivity in the MS and the hippocarnpus induced by ibotenic acid. These results demonstrated that SB and GE ameliorated learning and memory deficits through effects on the central nervous system, partly through effect on the acetylcholine system. Our studies suggest an evidence of SB and GE as treatment for Alzheimer's disease.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2001.11b
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• pp.43-48
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• 2001

This study was investigated to find out the optimum planting densities of Scutellaria baicalensis GEORGE about growth characters, yield components and yield at 3 planting densities by direct sowing cultivated after barley Stem length was long In dense planting of 20$\times$10cm and short in spacious planting of 30$\times$10cm and 40$\times$10cm by direct sowing cultivated after barley. Stem diameter was thick in spacious planting of 30$\times$10cm and 40$\times$10cm and was thin in dense planting of 20$\times$cm by direct sewing cultivated after barley. Length and dry weight of root per plant were decreased in dense planting of 20$\times$10cm and were increased in spacious planting of 30$\times$10cm and 40$\times$10cm by direct sowing cultivated after barley. Yield of dry root was highest in optimum planting density(30$\times$10cm:33 plants/$m^2$) by direct sowing cultivated after barley. The correlation coefficient between number of planting plant and stem length showed highly positive correlation. These characters of stem diameter, number of branches, main root length and yield of dry root mentioned above showed negative correlations with planting plants.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.77-80
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• 2002

This study was investigated to find out the optimum planting densities of Scutellaria baicalensis George about growth characters, yield components and yield at 3 planting densities by direct sowing cultivated after barley. Stem length was long in dense planting of 20$\times$l0cm and short in spacious planting of 30$\times$l0cm and 40$\times$10cm by direct sowing cultivated after barley. Stem diameter was thick in spacious planting of 30$\times$10cm and 40$\times$10cm and was thin in dense planting of 20$\times$10cm by direct sowing cultivated after barley. Length and dry weight of root per plant were decreased in dense planting of 20$\times$ 10cm and were increased in spacious planting of 30$\times$10cm and 40$\times$10cm by direct sowing cultivated after barley. Yield of dry root was highest in optimum planting density(30$\times$10cm：33 plants/㎡) by direct sowing cultivated after barley. The correlation coefficient between number of planting plant and stem length showed highly positive correlation. These characters of stem diameter, number of branches, main root length and yield of dry root mentioned above showed negative correlations with planting plants.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.16-22
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• 1999

Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (Labiatae) has been extensively used in treatment of diarrhea, conjunctivitis, gastritis, enteritis and skin disease. As instructed in old description, the Scutellariae Radix should sometimes be processed before use. To 노디 light on the changes of chemical compositions by processing as well as processing method-activity relationships, Scutellariae Radix was heated at 16$0^{\circ}C$-20$0^{\circ}C$ for 30 min. in furnace or soaked with 20% EtOH (SPE) and boy's urine(SPU), respectively, which are one of processing methods and then heated at 17$0^{\circ}C$ for 30 min. To isolate the chemical components, Scutellariae Radix with/without processing were extracted with EtOH and EtOH extract was fractionated with ether, ethyl acetate and butanol to give respective fractions. Ether and EtOAc fractions obtained from the processed drug with urine (SPU) were subjected to chromatography to obtainsix components, oroxylin A, Wogonin, chrysin, baicalein, baicalein 7-O-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside and $\beta$-sitosterol 3-O-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside. All the isolated compounds were identified by means of physicochemical and spectroscopic methods (IR, $^1H-NMR,{\;}^13C-NMR$, Mass). By HPLC determination, the changes of the contents for each isolated components from SPE and SPU samples were observed. It was found that the content of nonglycosidic flavones such as oroxylin A, wogonin, chrysin and baicalein was increased markedly, whereas the content of baicalin and baicalein 7-O-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside was significantly decreased in both samples as compared with those of Scutellariae Radix. When the sample was soaked with boy's urine, the total amount of nonglycosidic flavones was higher than that of processing with 20% EtOH.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.198-206
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• 2005

This study was carried out to identify bacterial strains adhered to domestic pet dog hair and to identify antibacterial extracts from natural compounds. A total of 76 strains were isolated from dog hair. The most common species isolated was Staphylococcus spp. (41 isolates), followed by Micrococcus spp. (21 isolates), Enterococcus spp. (8 isolates), Bacillus sup. (3 isolates), Exiguobacterium sup. (2 isolates), Shigella spp. (1 isolate) and Zoogloea spp. (1 isolate). These results suggested that dog hair could be a source of bacterial contamination to human. The susceptibility of isolates to antibiotics and antibacterial activities of the natural compounds were examined by disk diffusion method. Water and ethanol extract from Scutellaria baicalensis revealed high antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus, Micrococcus, Enterococcus and Shigella. Our results suggest that the extract of Scutellaria baicalensis can be used a antibacterial agent against the antibiotic-resistant microorganisms.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.5 s.85
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• pp.706-713
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• 2007

Scutellaria baicalensis GEORGI(SB) is used in oriental medicine for the treatment of incipient strokes. Although it has been reported that SB is neuroprotective in a hypoxia model, its mechanism is poorly understood. Here, we investigated the effect of SB on the modulation of heme oxygenase-1(HO-1), which has important biological roles in regulating mitochondrial heme protein turnover and in protecting against conditions such as hypoxia, neurodegenerative diseases, or sepsis. Rat cerebrocortical day In vitro(DIV)12 cells were grown in neurobasal medium. On DIV12 cells were treated with SB($20{\mu}g/ml$) and given a hypoxic shock ($2%\;O_2/5%\;CO_2,\;3\;hr$) on DIV14. In situ hybridization results revealed that SB upregulated HO-1 mRNA in neuronal dendrites in both normoxia and hypoxia(38.5% and 59.2%, respectively). At the protein level, SB upregulated HO-1 in the neuronal soma in both normoxia and hypoxia(22.4% and 15.7%, respectively). Interestingly, most significant increase was associated with astrocytes, which increased HO-1 protein by 77.5% compared to SB-untreated culture. These results indicate that SB upregulates both neuronal and glial HO-1 expression, which contributes to the neuroprotection efficacy in hypoxia).