• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.302-311
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• 2024

Background: Unexpected conversion to thoracotomy during planned video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) can lead to poor outcomes and comparatively high morbidity. This study was conducted to assess preoperative risk factors associated with unexpected thoracotomy conversion and to develop a risk scoring model for preoperative use, aimed at identifying patients with an elevated risk of conversion. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 1,506 patients who underwent surgical resection for non-small cell lung cancer. To evaluate the risk factors, univariate analysis and logistic regression were performed. A risk scoring model was established to predict unexpected thoracotomy conversion during VATS of the lung, based on preoperative factors. To validate the model, an additional cohort of 878 patients was analyzed. Results: Among the potentially significant clinical variables, male sex, previous ipsilateral lung surgery, preoperative detection of calcified lymph nodes, and clinical T stage were identified as independent risk factors for unplanned conversion to thoracotomy. A 6-point risk scoring model was developed to predict conversion based on the assessed risk, with patients categorized into 4 groups. The results indicated an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.747, with a sensitivity of 80.5%, specificity of 56.4%, positive predictive value of 1.8%, and negative predictive value of 91.0%. When applied to the validation cohort, the model exhibited good predictive accuracy. Conclusion: We successfully developed and validated a risk scoring model for preoperative use that can predict the likelihood of unplanned conversion to thoracotomy during VATS of the lung.

• Proceedings of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.251-260
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• 2000

Seismic performance evaluation systems require rational classification of structure systems, proper evaluation criteria, and their scoring index for synthesis. Current seismic performance systems need expert judgments based on collection of available data, approximate analysis of important items, and various scoring system. This study presents a three-step seismic performance evaluation system for building structures in Korea. Each evaluation step determines the seismic performance and the method depends on the degree of refinement of analysis. The preliminary step evaluation involves the global attributes of structures such as vertical irregularity, asymmetric plan, redundancy, and age of structures. The second step requires an elastic analysis for estimation of forces acting on critical sections and checks the strength and ductility. The final step requires inelastic capacity of structures. Each stephas own evaluation scheme with proper weighing factor dependent on the importance and consequence. This study applies the fuzzy theory to a scoring method that synthesizes the individual quantity to a representative value.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.275-291
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• 1997

In the case that an abstract concept was measured indirectly by using its indicators, many researcher have obtained its score by using the simple mean, the first principal component, or the first factor, etc. In this paper, an scoring method named as the representative component scoring system was suggested as an alternative and its validity and applicability were studied.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.3
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• pp.5-22
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• 1997

A foodservice manager always is concerned with which of the menus or potential menus, or which of the menu items is best for the operation. A menu may be profitable but not popular, or vice versa. How dose one compare one menu with another\ulcorner A technique to accomplish this is Menu Scoring, which was developed by Michael Hurst. It can be used to analyze possible menu changes by estimating sales of the new items and seeing what the new menu score will be. But menu scoring considers food costs, limited menu and relation only. After the menu score is calculated, management can determine more effectively why one score differs from another. Thus, this study is focused on the general equilibrium effect analysis. It will be attained from menu formation and menu type. I concluded that one can also change menu prices and see how menu popularity and profitability and the resulting menu score are affected through this study.

• Proceedings of the KSPS conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.239-242
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• 2004

An automatic pronunciation correction system provides users with correction guidelines for each pronunciation error. For this purpose, we propose a speech recognition system which automatically classifies pronunciation errors when Koreans speak a foreign language. In this paper, we also propose machine scoring methods for automatic assessment of pronunciation quality by the speech recognizer. Scores obtained from an expert human listener are used as the reference to evaluate the different machine scores and to provide targets when training some of algorithms. We use a log-likelihood score and a normalized log-likelihood score as machine scoring methods. Experimental results show that the normalized log-likelihood score had higher correlation with human scores than that obtained using the log-likelihood score.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.124-132
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• 2000

A selected subject and a standardized scoring system were newly enforced at college entrance examination from 1999. A selected subject system means each student can select one subject in addition to common subject in the field of mathematical research II and a standardized scoring system means we standardize the score of each field as mean 50 and standard deviation 10 in order to adjust the degree of difficulty between fields. In the field of mathematical research II, there may exist not only difference of the degree of difficulty but also that of general studying ability between groups of selected subjects. So when we standardize score, we have to consider them. So far a linear equating which is a parametric method and an equi-percentile equating which is a nonparametric method have been published, but both of them supposed that the general studying ability between groups was equal. So in this paper an adjusted linear and percentile equating method which seems to be adequate to our entrance examination is suggested and is investigated by computer simulation.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 1993

기어가 비교적 큰 하중과 고속의 운전상태에서 사용되는 경우 되풀이 응력에 의한 피로를 대상으로 하는 면압이나 굽힘강도 이외에 치면에서 발생되는 긁힘이나 융착(瀜着) 또는 용착(溶着)을 대상으로 한 스코어링(scoring) 강도를 고려하여야 한다. 스코어링은 주로 치의 이끝 부분에서 접촉방향으로 긁힘이 나타나는 손상으로 특징지워진다. 미국기어제조협회(AGMA)에서는 윤활막 파손에 의한 금속과 금속과의 접촉에 기인하여 발생되는 여러형태의 손상, 예를 들면 scuffing, seizing, galling 등을 광범위하게 스코어링으로 통칭하고 있다. 미국계통의 기술분야에서는 스코어링을 고온 스코어링(hot scoring)과 저온 스코어링(cold scoring)으로 구분하고 있다. 고온 스코어링은 고속 운전시 표면의 섬광온도(flash temperature)에 기인한 용착과 접촉방향으로 재료를 이탈시키는 형태를 나타내고, 저온 스코어링은 저속의 기어에서 윤활막 파단으로 표면에 줄질(filing)한 듯한 손상이 발생되는 것을 나타낸다. 유럽에서는 고온 스코어링 손상은 스커핑이라 하고 저온 스코어링손상만을 스코어링이라 부르고 있다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.67-76
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• 2010

The objective of this study is to investigate a priority and selection of agricultural specialization items from Daegu and Gyeongbuk region by using analytical tools such as, the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) and the Scoring Method. The results of this study are as follows; 1) Five major items were selected for each region based on Daegu and Gyeongbuk regional agricultural performances. 2) The results of AHP analysis, Daegu and Gyeongbuk's agricultural experts evaluated the weight of three decision-elements(objectiveness 0.35, efficiency 0.341, identity 0.309) and seven decision-elements. 3) Results of AHP and Scoring Method analysis, Investigated a priority of agricultural specialization 3 items in 25 cities and districts Daegu and Gyeongbuk regional agricultural performances. 4) Finally, The results of this study will provide basic information on agricultural specialization policy in Daegu and Gyeongbuk region.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.58 no.6
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• pp.1200-1206
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• 2009

In this study, a new method of dental plaque scoring is proposed by adopting new criteria to divide the tooth surface with utilizing the geometrical features of a tooth color image. For the possible clinical usage of our new plaque scoring system, GUI(Graphic User Interface) system is also implemented to estimate the numerical plaque index for a specific tooth by designing the supplementary database management module that handles dental plaque scores.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.65-87
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• 2016

Being the FinTech technologies rapidly developed, the non face-to-face private loan market is also growing dramatically. While the real-world interests in this market are keen, the empirical studies on the issue are few compared to its prospective impact on credit loan market. This paper suggests a credit scoring model for the non face-to-face private loan employing the ratings approach (the absolute measurement method) of AHP. Analyzing a sample of data consisting of 460,000 transaction records over an 8-year period in the United States, we develop a scoring model for the non face-to-face private loan screening, and validate the model for the practical usage. Conducting sensitivity analysis, we suggest customized cut-off points for the loan execution to suit each individual loan institution's need.