• 암석학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.251-263
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• 2005

중국 오대연지 신기 화산인 라오헤이산과 후오샤오산은 $1720\~1721$년에 분출하였다. 이 화산은 각각 K이 풍부한 포노테프라이트질 화성쇄설층과 용암으로 구성되는 스코리아구와 스패터구를 이루고 모두 넓은 용암류역을 가진다. 라오헤이산 스코리아구는 내부구조가 복잡하고 선${\cdot}$후기 화산체로 형성된 복성복식 화산이며 후기 화산체의 중앙부에는 깔때기형의 분화구가 있다. 후오샤오산 스패터구는 단성단식 화산이며 화산체 중앙부에 피트 분화구가 형성되어 있다. 화산층서는 먼저 라오헤이산이 형성되었고 후에 후오샤오산이 형성되었음을 지시한다. 또한 라오헤이산에서의 분출 과정이 용암분천과 스트롬볼리언 분출을 포함하는 폭발성분출과 분류성 분출의 5개 단계를 거치는 반복적 패턴을 따랐다는 것을 지시하고, 후오샤오산에서 스트롬볼리언 분출과 용암분류의 2개 단계를 거치는 규칙적 패턴을 따랐다는 것을 지시한다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.55-64
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• 2019

The adsorption properties of $Cs^+$ and $Cu^{2+}$ ions were evaluated by using a polysulfone scoria zeolite (PSf-SZ) composite with synthetic zeolite synthesized from Jeju volcanic rocks (scoria). In order to investigate the adsorption properties, various parameters, such as pH, contact time, reaction rate, concentration, and temperature in aqueous solutions, were evaluated by tests carried out in batch experiments. The adsorption capacities of $Cs^+$ and $Cu^{2+}$ ions increased between pH 2 but achieved equilibrium at pH 4 and above. The adsorption rate increased rapidly up to the initial 24 h, after which it plateaued ; the adsorption rate then sustained at equilibrium from 48 h. The adsorption kinetics of $Cs^+$ and $Cu^{2+}$ ions were described better by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model than the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The Langmuir model fitted the adsorption isotherm data better than the Freundlich model. The maximum adsorption capacities of $Cs^+$ and $Cu^{2+}$ ions obtained from the Langmuir model were 53.8 mg/g and 84.7 mg/g, respectively. The calculated thermodynamic parameters showed that the adsorption of $Cs^+$ and $Cu^{2+}$ ions on PSf-SZ was feasible, spontaneous and endothermic reaction.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.797-809
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• 2023

Objective: Many scientists have investigated solutions to reduce microbiological risks in dry-aged meat after the dry-aging technology was revived for high quality and value-added premium meat product in the market. This study aimed to investigate the effect of scoria powder in onggi (Korean earthenware) on the meat quality of pork loins during 21 days of dry aging and to elucidate its mechanism of action. Methods: The pork loins were randomly divided into three groups: aged in vacuum-packaging, onggi containing red clay only (OR), and onggi containing 30% red clay and 70% scoria powder (OS). Microbial analyses (total plate count and Lactobacillus spp.) and physicochemical analyses (pH, shear force, volatile basic nitrogen [VBN], water activity, 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, water content, water holding capacity, cooking loss, and color analysis) of aged meat were conducted. Far-infrared ray emission, quantification of immobilized L. sakei and microstructure of onggi were investigated to understand the mechanism. Results: On day 21, the meat aged in OS exhibited lower pH, shear force, VBN, and water activity than those aged in OR, along with an increase in the number of Lactobacillus spp. OS had a smaller pore diameter than OR, implying lower gas permeability, which could promote the growth of L. sakei. Conclusion: OS improved the microbiological safety and storage stability of pork loin during dry aging by increasing number of Lactobacillus spp. possibly due to low permeability of OS.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제27권12호
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• pp.1215-1226
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• 2018

In this study, PAN-SZ (polyacrylonitrile scoria zeolite) beads were prepared by immobilizing Na-A zeolite (SZ-A) synthesized from Jeju volcanic rocks (scoria) on the polymer PAN. FT-IR and TGA analysis results confirmed that the SZ-A was immobilized in the PAN-SZ beads. SEM images showed that the PAN-SZ beads are a spherical shape with 2 mm diameter and exhibit a porous inner structure inside the bead. The most suitable mixing ratio of PAN to SZ-A as the adsorbent for removing Sr ions was PAN/SZ-A = 0.2 g/0.3 g. The adsorption kinetic data for Cu and Sr ions were fitted well with the pseudo-second-order model. The Cu and Sr ion uptakes followed a Langmuir isotherm model and the maximum adsorption capacities at $20^{\circ}C$ were 84.03 mg/g and 75.19 mg/g, respectively. The amount of Sr ion adsorbed by SZ-A on the PAN-SZ beads was about 160 mg/g, which was similar to that adsorbed by SZ-A powder. Thus, the PAN-SZ beads prepared in this study are considered to be effective adsorbents for removing metal ions in aqueous solutions.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.191-195
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• 2003

심지재배방법을 이용하여 감자 상위급종서의 대량생산기술을 개발하고자 경삽플러그묘를 SP2, PP2 2종류의 배지와 5종류의 심지수(폭 1.5cm, 길이 40cm)를 처리한 스치로폼 베드(길이 51${\times}$폭 31.5${\times}$높이 20cm, $0.032\textrm{m}^3$)에 정식, 재배하여 배지의 물리성과 생육형질을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 수확직후 총공극량은 SP2배지와 PP2배지간에 차이가 없이 83-85% 수준이었다. 가비중은 배지별로는 Jeju scoria가 혼용된 SP2배지가 0.27g$.$$\textrm{mL}^{-1}$로 높은 비율을 나타내었으며 심지수간에는 일정한 경향을 보이지 않았다. 2. 수확직후 배지내의 수분함유량은 SP2배지보다 PP2배지가 높았으며 심지수간에는 심지수가 많아질수록 55%에서 70%까지 함량이 많아지는 추세를 보였다. 3. 감자 지상부의 생육형질은 심지수가 많아질수록 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 4. $1\textrm{m}^2$당 총서중과 괴경평균수량은 SP2배지와 PP2배지 모두 심지수 6개에서 가장 높았다.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.157-170
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• 1999

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Scoria, Quartz porphyry and Oak charcoal powder feeding by 1% level of concentrate on the fattening cross bred bulls(5/8 Korean Native Cattle, 2/8 Charolais, 1/8 Brahman germ plasma) Feeding trial was conducted with 4 treatment groups which were T1(Full feeding of concentrate and roughage for 12 months), T2(T1 and Scoria addition), T3(T1 and Quartz porphyry addition) and T4(Oak charcoal addition) for 360 days, consisting of 32 heads whose initially weights were about 299.7kg. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. During the over-all period, average daily gains by T3, T4, T2 and T1 were 1.024, 0.987, 0.977kg and 0.964, respectively, without a significant difference by treatments. 2. Concentrate intakes per body weight and TDN intakes required per unit of kilogram gain were lower in addition agent groups than in control, and in all the treatments feed efficiency was higher at early stage for 360 fattening day than at end stage. 3. Carcass weight, dressing percent, back-fat thickness and loin eye muscle area by treatments were 330.9 to 348.4kg(average 340.3kg), 55.2~56.2(average 55.8%), 0.41~0.55(average 0.46cm)and 76.0~80.9$\textrm{cm}^2$(average 77.6$\textrm{cm}^2$), respectively, and were improved in addition agent groups than in control. 4. Meat quality grade is higher in addition agent groups than in control, and heads of 1st grade by treatments was 3, 2, 1 and none in T4, T2, T3 and T1, respectively. 5. Incidence heads of diseases by treatment were not apparently different, but diseases of digestive system was decreased in addition agent groups than in control. 6. The nitrate nitrogen content of fattening bull dung which collected in rectum were 0.082~0.089% (average 0.084%), and the content in addition agent groups was smaller than in controll. 7. Income was higher in order of T4, T3, T2, and T1 and incomes of treatment groups were grater than that of control group by 21.4 to 33.5 percent. According to the above results it may be concluded that fattening bulls may be required to feed no more than 1% of Scoria, Quartz porphyry and Oak charcoal powder based on the concentrate feeding level during the fattening period(12 to 24 month of age) to produce high quality meat and increase income.

• 한국환경과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경과학회 1999년도 정기총회 및 봄 학술발표회 프로그램 The Korean Environmental Sciences Society
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• pp.288-290
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• 1999

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.451-459
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• 2001

Adsorption characteristics of triadimefon and diniconazole(pesticide) by natural zeolite($CLI_N$) and several synthetic zeolites were Investigated. The synthetic zeolites used En this study were as follows: Faujasite synthesized from coal fly ash($FAU_F$); Zeolite synthesized from the mixture of FAU and Na-Pl synthesized from the ratio of Cheju scoria 6 to coal fly ash 4 by weight($(FAU + Na-Pl)_{SF}$); waste fluid catalytic cracking catalyst($FCC_W$). The distribution coefficient, $K_D$ and Freundlich constant, $K_F$ decreased in the fellowing sequence : $FCC_W ＞ FAU_F ＞ (FAU + Na-Pl)_{SF} ＞CLI_N$ among the zeolites. The distribution coefficient and the adsorption capacity of $(FAU + Na-Pl)_{SF}$ for pesticides were 4.4 and 2.6 times higher for triamefon, and 2.0 and 2.4 times higher for diniconazole than those of $CLI_N$, respectively.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.33-39
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• 2017

In this study, two types of aggregate were used for making self-compacting concrete. Standard cubic specimens were exposed to different temperatures. Seventy-two standard cylindrical specimens ($150{\times}300mm$) and Seventy-two cubic specimens (150 mm) were tested. Compressive strengths of the manufactured specimens at $23^{\circ}C$ were about 33 MPa to 40 MPa. The variable parameters among the self-compacting concrete specimens were of sand stone type. The specimens were exposed to 23, 100, 200, 400, 600, and $800^{\circ}C$ and their mechanical specifications were controlled. The heated specimens were subjected to the unconfined compression test with a quasi-static loading rate. The corresponding stress-strain curves and modulus of elasticity were compared. The results showed that, at higher temperatures, Scoria aggregate showed less sensitivity than ordinary aggregate. The concrete made with Scoria aggregate exhibited less strain. The heated self-compacting concrete had similar slopes before and after the peak. In fact, increasing heat produced gradual symmetrical stress-strain diagram span.

• 동굴
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• 제5호
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• pp.37-52
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• 1997

In Japan, on the volcanic line from Mt.Fuji to Hachijou Isl. in Pacific, we can see the many fissure erupted craters. The fissure eruption hasn't always left the rift caves. Recently I am investigated this era and recognized the rift caves. at Mt. Fuji 4. Miyake Isl. 3, Hachijou Isl. 3. The time of fissure eruption in Miyake Isl. make the long crack and gush the lava flow. But. we can see the rift caves only in the caldera. In the rift caves, we can see the thin coated lava on the scoria wall of the cavity and not only the side ways to extend by gasic pressure, on the surface of the earth. It is tow type rift caves. 1) The gas run to the side direction and built the cavities and after blowout the ground. 2) The gas built the cavity and then blowout the earth. I think that the thick scoria layers the most important factor and indispensable condition to built the rift caves.