• Title/Summary/Keyword: sclerosis

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Rectal Prolapse in Children (어린이 탈직장의 경화요법)

  • Lee, Myung-Duk;Kim, Won-Woo
    • Advances in pediatric surgery
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    • v.1 no.2
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    • pp.133-139
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    • 1995
  • Because rectal prolapse in pediatric age was known to have a self-limitting natural history in weeks to years, this disease is prone to be regarded as a minor condition to the most of surgeons. But to the children and the parents who have to be suffered each time could be a heavy distress. Even though operative or nonoperative methods can be applicable for treatment, the main problem is in surgeon's side, whose preference is based on the experiences of adult patients. The authors have experienced 16 cases of ano-rectal prolapse for 9 years since 1986. Eleven of them were true rectal prolapses. In 7 cases of true type, injection therapy has been tried. One ml of five percent phenol in glycerine was injected into the submucosal layer of the ano-rectal angle level at both lateral and posterior sides. After first trial of each cases, 5 of them were cured completely so far. Recurrences were in two cases, but one of them was temporary to be subsided afterward. Complete bowel cleansing and adequate sedations were required as preoperative preparations. Two days' oral antibiotics and two weeks' laxatives for free of defecation straining were recommended after the procedure. The safety of sclerosis was supported by the experimental histology. In pediatric rectal prolapse, sclerosis seems to be a safe and effective treatment of choice without any significant morbidity.

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The follow-up study on patients of Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis after 1 year (근위축성 측삭경화증 환자 1년 후 추적 조사)

  • Kim, Hyun-Sik;Song, Bong-Kuen;Park, Man-Yong;Lim, Na-Ra;Kim, Sung-Ha;Kim, Sung-Chul
    • Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.121-128
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    • 2010
  • Objectives : This study was to investigate the effects of Oriental medical treatment on ALS. Methods : We investigated 12 ALS patients which were admitted to Gwang-Ju O.M.hospital for 3 months and follow-up at 8 months after discharge. All patients were treated by SAAM-acupuncture, herb medication, Bee venom Pharmacopuncture therapy, Needle-embedding therapy, etc and after discharge self-therapy at home. We evaluated patients using the Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Functional Rating Scale-Revised(ALSFRS-R), Medical Research Council (MRC) Scale. Results : After 1 month, mean ALSFRS-R score of patients was $29.08{\pm}7.99$, 2 months $28.70{\pm}7.17$, 3 months $28.16{\pm}8.23$, 1 year $21.33{\pm}9.93$ and mean MRC Scale of patients was $25.34{\pm}8.45$, 2 months $25.34{\pm}8.45$, 3months $21.56{\pm}9.20$. But in both cases, the variation was not statistically significant. Conclusions : We think that the results of this case be a pilot study that proves the effect of Oriental Medical treatment on ALS.

Three Phase Bone Scintigraphy in Active and Inactive Osteomyelitis (활동성 및 비활동성골수염에서의 삼상골신티그라피)

  • Yang, Woo-Jin;Chung, Soo-Kyo;Ha, Hyun-Kwon;Bahk, Yong-Whee
    • The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.209-213
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    • 1988
  • To Appreciate the value of bone scintigraphy in determination of the bony infection, we performed three phase bone scintigraphy in 34 cases of osteomyelitis of extremities prospectively. They were clinically inactive in 11 and active in 23 cases. We confirmed the active osteomyelitis by operation or aspiration within one week after scintigraphy. Perfusion, blood pool and delayed images were analyzed respectively and compared with the plain roentgenograms. All 23 active lesions showed diffusely increased perfusion in affected limbs. The areas of the increased activities on blood pool images were larger than or similar to those on delayed images in 17 cases (73.9%) with active osteomyelitis and smaller in 6 cases (26.1%). 5 of the latter 6 cases showed definite soft tissue activities on blood pool images. In inactive cases bone scintigrams were completely normal in 4 cases. Two of those were normal on plain films and remaining two showed mild focal bony sclerosis. Among 7 inactive lesions, perfusion was normal in 2 cases, diffusely increased in 4 cases and diffusely decreased in 1 case. 6 of these 7 cases showed increased activities both on blood pool and delayed images and the areas of increased activities on blood pool images didn't exceed those on delayed images. Bony sclerosis was noted on plain films in those 7 inactive lesions and the extent of the sclerosis correlated well to delayed images. Large blood pool activity was characteristics of active osteomyelitis. Normal three phase bone scintigram may indicate the time to terminate the treatment, but increased activity on perfusion and blood pool scans is not absolute indication of active lesion if the extent of the lesion on the blood pool image is smaller than that on delayed image and if no difinite soft tissue activity is noted on perfusion and blood pool images in clinically inactive patient.

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Three Cases of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Treated With Oriental Medical Therapy (근위축성 측삭 경화증의 한방적 치료에 대한 증례 3례)

  • Byun, Mi-Kwon;Kim, Jin-Young;Sim, Sung-Heum;Kim, Ki-Tak;Kim, Jong-Deuk;Park, Dong-Il;Kam, Cheol-Woo
    • The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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    • v.28 no.4
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    • pp.937-947
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    • 2007
  • Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive disorder that causes degeneration of motor neurons of the brain and spinal cord. ALS is a progressive, fatal neuromuscular disease characterized by loss of motor neurons leading to muscle weakness. Sensation and mental function stay intact during the course of the disease. ALS is characterized by both upper and lower motor neuron damage. Diagnosis includes magnetic response imaging (MRI) electromyogram (EMG), muscle biopsy, and blood test. There is no cure for ALS. We recently observed three cases of ALS. The patients were diagnosis with ALS by EMG and symptoms. This report was conducted to evaluate how oriental medical treatment can affect ALS. We report the change of their symptoms through oriental medical treatment compared with taking riluzole.

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Clinical Study on One Patient with Multiple Sclerosis (다발성 경화증 환자 치험 1례)

  • Baek, Dong-Gi;Rhim, Eun-Kyung;Lee, Yun-Jae;Jeong, Hyun-Ae;Cho, Young-Kee;Moon, Mi-Hyun;Lee, Seong-Kyun;Kim, Dong-Woung;Shin, Sun-Ho;Hwang, Sang-Il
    • The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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    • v.25 no.3
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    • pp.609-614
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    • 2004
  • Multiple Sclerosis(MS) is an acquired, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Clinically, it is characterized by episodes of focal disorder of the optic nerves, spinal cord, and brain, which remit to varying extent and recur over a period of many years. The average age at diagnosis is 30, typically starting between the ages of 15 and 50. Women are affected at least twice as often as men. It is more common in persons of northern European heritage and those living furthest from the equator. The diagnosis of MS is based on a history of multiple attacks of neurologic lesions over time that affect different parts of the central nervous system. A case of MS was confronted. The patient was treated with Cheongsimyonjaum-gami(淸心蓮字飮加味), YangMyung channel(陽明) and had significant improvement was seen.

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Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in children: differential diagnosis from multiple sclerosis on the basis of clinical course

  • Lee, Yun-Jin
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • v.54 no.6
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    • pp.234-240
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    • 2011
  • Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that typically presents as a monophasic disorder associated with multifocal neurologic symptoms and encephalopathy. ADEM is considered an autoimmune disorder that is triggered by an environmental stimulus in genetically susceptible individuals. The diagnosis of ADEM is based on clinical and radiological features. Most children with ADEM initially present with fever, meningeal signs, and acute encephalopathy. The level of consciousness ranges from lethargy to frank coma. Deep and subcortical white-matter lesions and gray-matter lesions such as thalami and basal ganglia on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are associated with ADEM. In a child who presents with signs of encephalitis, bacterial and viral meningitis or encephalitis must be ruled out. Sequential MRI is required to confirm the diagnosis of ADEM, as relapses with the appearance of new lesions on MRI may suggest either multiphasic ADEM or multiple sclerosis (MS). Pediatric MS, defined as onset of MS before the age of 16, is being increasingly recognized. MS is characterized by recurrent episodes of demyelination in the CNS separated in space and time. The McDonald criteria for diagnosis of MS include evidence from MRI and allow the clinician to make a diagnosis of clinically definite MS on the basis of the interval preceding the development of new white matter lesions, even in the absence of new clinical findings. The most important alternative diagnosis to MS is ADEM. At the initial presentation, the 2 disorders cannot be distinguished with certainty. Therefore, prolonged follow-up is needed to establish a diagnosis.

Various Renal Manifestations in Children with Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (소아 결절성 경화증에서 나타나는 다양한 신증상들)

  • Lim, Ja Hyun;Park, Moon Sung;Pai, Ki Soo;Kim, Sung Hwan;Shin, Jae Il;Park, Se Jin
    • Childhood Kidney Diseases
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.132-136
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    • 2014
  • Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a genetic disorder that affects multiple organ systems and causes tumors. It is important that physicians are aware of the manifestations of TSC, and that they follow the recommendations for screening and evaluation. Several types of renal abnormalities may develop in individuals with TSC. Individuals with TSC may require ongoing treatment that can be adapted for each arising manifestation of renal disease. Herein, we report 4 patients with TSC who presented with a range of different renal manifestations, including angiomyolipoma, renal cell carcinoma, renal infarction, renal cyst, and nephrolithiasis.

Two cases of TSC2/PKD1 contiguous gene deletion syndrome

  • You, Jihye;Kang, Eungu;Kim, Yoonmyung;Lee, Beom Hee;Ko, Tae-Sung;Kim, Gu-Hwan;Choi, Jin-Ho;Yoo, Han-Wook
    • Journal of Genetic Medicine
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.36-40
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    • 2016
  • Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC, MIM#191100) is an autosomal dominant neurocutaneous syndrome caused by mutation or deletion of TSC1 encoding hamartin or TSC2 encoding tuberin and characterized by seizure, mental retardation, and multiple hamartomas or benign tumors in the skin, brain, retina, heart, kidney, and lungs. The TSC2 gene on chromosome 16p13.3 lies adjacent to the PKD1 gene which is responsible for autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (MIM#173900). The TSC2/PKD1 contiguous gene syndrome (TSC2/PKD1 CGDS, MIM#600273) is caused by deletion of both TSC2 and PKD1 gene. We recently experienced a 15 month-old boy and a 26 month-old girl with TSC2/PKD1 CGDS confirmed by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) analysis. They showed not only typical neurologic manifestations of TSC such as epilepsy, subependymal nodules, and subcortical tubers, but also polycystic kidney disease. The contiguous gene syndrome involving PKD1 and TSC2 should be suspected in children with enlarged polycystic kidneys and TSC. MLPA analysis is a useful method for the genetic confirmation of TSC2/PKD1 CGDS.

Korean Red Ginseng mitigates spinal demyelination in a model of acute multiple sclerosis by downregulating p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-κB signaling pathways

  • Lee, Min Jung;Chang, Byung Joon;Oh, Seikwan;Nah, Seung-Yeol;Cho, Ik-Hyun
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • v.42 no.4
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    • pp.436-446
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    • 2018
  • Background: The potential therapeutic values of Korean Red Ginseng extract (KRGE) in autoimmune disorders of nervous system have not been fully investigated. Methods: We used an acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis animal model of multiple sclerosis and determined the effects and mechanism of KRGE on spinal myelination. Results: Pretreatment with KRGE (100 mg/kg, orally) for 10 days before immunization with myelin basic protein $(MBP)_{68-82}$ peptide exerted a protective effect against demyelination in the spinal cord, with inhibited recruitment and activation of immune cells including microglia, decreased mRNA expression of detrimental inflammatory mediators (interleukin-6, interferon-${\gamma}$, and cyclooxygenase-2), but increased mRNA expression of protective inflammatory mediators (insulin-like growth factor ${\beta}1$, transforming growth factor ${\beta}$, and vascular endothelial growth factor-1). These results were associated with significant downregulation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ signaling pathways in microglia/macrophages, T cells, and astrocytes. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that KRGE alleviates spinal demyelination in acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis through inhibiting the activation of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase/nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ signaling pathway. Therefore, KRGE might be used as a new therapeutic for autoimmune disorders such as multiple sclerosis, although further investigation is needed.

A Clinical Case Study on the Long Term Respiration Management of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Patient with Respiratory Failure (호흡부전을 동반한 근위축성 측삭 경화증 환자의 장기적 호흡관리 1례)

  • Lee, Jong Cheol;Jeong, Ho Hyun;Cha, Eun Hye;Park, Man Yong;Kim, Tae Ho;Song, Bong Keun;Son, Il Hong;Kim, Sung Chul
    • Journal of Acupuncture Research
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    • v.31 no.3
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    • pp.67-73
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    • 2014
  • Objectives : Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a selective death of motor neuron, leading to respiratory insufficiency. The purpose of this study was to assess the long term respiratory management of ALS patient with respiratory failure. Methods : One ALS patient applying a non-invasive BIPAP ventilator as well as Korean medical treatment such as acupuncture, pharmacopuncture and herbal medicine was measured on $SpO_2$, $EtCO_2$, Vte(expiratorytidalvolume) for 2 years 7 months. Results : The $SpO_2$, $EtCO_2$ of ALS patient were maintained in the normal range for 2 years 7 months. The Vte of ALS patient also wasn't worse in this study. Conclusions : In this study, the long term respiration management, combined administration of Korean medical treatment and non-invasive BIPAP ventilator, could be effective in ALS patient with respiratory failure.