• Spatial Information Research
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2014

In this paper, we suggested plan that utilize the mobile mapping system data for constructing 3D cadastral information of roads and buildings effectively. 3D cadastral information means conflation of existing cadastral information and spatial information. It also means 3D land management that can register and manage various spatial information with land information effectively. Technically, geometry information and attribute information by image or radar scanner and location information of geographic features calculated by GPS/INS integration technology are useful for constructing 3D cadastral information included in buildings and features on the ground. As a result, the application of mobile mapping system for constructing 3D cadastral information will make a scientification and enhancing of the land information.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.773-777
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• 2012

Since 2010, in general hospital, they can install western medical post, traditional Korean medical post, and dental post. So the environment is made for the Cooperative medical system between traditional Korean medicine(TKM) and western medicine(WM) to be performed. So we found out about how doctors think about TKM and what is needed for TKM & WM cooperative system to work well. When we found out about how recognition changed about TKM during their medical school years and after they became doctors, positive answer increased from 25.6% to 30%, negative answer decreased from 41.9% to 32.0%, severely negative increased from 9.3% to 16%. They changed to positive about TKM after they became doctors. But severely negative also increased. The element they lose faith in TKM is their doubt about the scientific aspects of TKM. On the other hand, severely negative recognition was also raised. 73.8% of respondents thought the most effective treatment of TKM was for myalgia. 33.3% of them answered the chance to encounter TKM was the mass media, indicating its limitation. 60.5% of them considered major reason for negative evaluation of TKM is its non-scientific aspects and only 30.9% said TKM treatment could be recommended to patients at the hospital. Doctors in WM for recognition on TKM is mostly negative and major reason is its non-scientific aspects. As the solution to this problem, scientification of TKM is suggested through research projects. These connections must be resolved to smoothly work interdisciplinary system of TKM and WM.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.202-210
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• 2018

The modern battlefield is being developed as a network-centric warfare where priority is given to rapid status grasp and power deployment through scientification and modernization. Therefore, tactical data link has been continuously improving the network speed, and recently, security technology is required for wireless communication with the UAV and various devices for reconnaissance. In addition, the future information warfare will utilize advanced IT technology positively. Efforts are needed to integrate various systems and networks. However, these efforts are meaningful only when they can assume sufficient security in a newly changing information and communication environment. In this paper, we propose a new cryptographic synchronization for link encryption suitable for tactical data links. The proposed cryptographic synchronization is useful for T4 UAV link encryption, and it is also adaptable for lower BER, then we analyze the performances analysis of that.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.62-71
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• 2018

The rapid growth of virtual reality technology in the era of the 4th Industrial Revolution has accelerated scientification of combat training systems in addition to ICT(information and communications technology) in military field. Recently, research and development of simulators based on virtual reality have been actively conducted in order to solve sensitive issues such as increase of civil complaints due to the noise of a shooting range, prevention of shooting accident, and reduction of training cost. In this paper, we propose two key solutions: spatial synchronization method and modified point mass trajectory model with small angle approximation to overcome technical limitations of a current training simulator. A trainee who wears a haptic vest in a mixed reality environment built in MARS(medium-range assault rifle shooting simulator) is able to conduct not only precision shooting but also two-way engagement with virtual opponents. It is possible for trainee to receive more reliable evaluations in the MARS than an existing rifle simulator based on laser.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.1-12
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• 2023

Objectives : The aim of this study is to analyze the news articles related to Korean Medicine(KM) and compare trends in news reports from 2018 to 2022. Method : News articles related to KM were collected through the BigKinds, the news bigdata service of the Korea Press Foundation. News reports from 1 January 2018 to 31 December 2022 were searched. 2,950 news articles out of a total of 12,497 met the inclusion criteria. First, quantitative changes in media coverage were analyzed by year, media outlet, and month. For qualitative analysis, two authors independently coded the content of news articles, discussed them until consensus, and consulted with a third researcher to classify them. In addition, keywords extracted by the BigKind's Topic Rank algorithm were compared and analyzed in each year. Results : The number of news articles on KM decreased by 42% in 2022 compared to 2018. Over a fiveyear period, the Naeil Shinmun reported the most on KM among newspapers, while the Hankyoreh did the least. Among broadcasters, YTN reported the most and SBS did the least. When analyzing the reports by category, the most common was 'treatment', followed by 'prevention' and 'scientification'. As a result of extracting keywords with high weight and frequency, 'immunity' and 'immune system' ranked the first and second in 2018, while 'COVID 19' and 'medical law violation' did in 2022. Conclusion : The decrease in media reports on KM during the COVID-19 epidemic period seems to be due to the limited role of KM in responding to infectious diseases, and efforts to expand the scope of KM can induce increased media reports and social interest.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.182-201
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• 2001

This Study has attemped to compare the health care systems of South and North Korea. There has been a wide difference in the health care System between the South and North of Korea. In this paper, I have also shown that each health care system has its own unique response to the social, political, and economic conditions of the country. Therefore the author analyzed and summarized the important difference of health care system between the South and the North of Korea as follows. 1. Compared with the Laissez-faire health care system of South Korea, North Korea has the state socialistic health care system which provide health care services to the people free of charge. And the North Korea is marking positive efforts toward the scientification and systemization of Oriental Medicine which is called Dongui-Hak in the North-on the basis of Ju-Che idea. 2. North Korea's health care system appears to be strongly geared toward extensive and preventive treatment and launched the massive sanitary propagation campaign. which have resulted in a great success. North Korea has a system of universal comprehensive care for its population. The government has a central role in planning and regulating health care. 3. The government also employs physicians, nurses, and other professionals to provide health care to patients at public expense. In North Korea, health professionals are government employees. They work for a salary and the system is funded through general taxation. 4. In the North Korea, health services area system of the cities and countre's unit is strictly conducted along with the doctor's area responsibility system. And so without referal card, patients can not use the upper-grade medical facilities. The health care delivery system of North Korea is made up of the fourth level procedue unlike South Korea. 5. General office of Oriental Medicine, Academy of Oriental Medical Science and Guidance Bureau of Oriental Medicine are established in the organization of the Department of Health in the North Korea. And nowadays much emphasis are equally placed on the Oriental Medicine as well as Western Medicine. Both South and North Korea have faced with a critical moment of developing a mutually agreeable and acceptable system of health care for the unified nation.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.98-107
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• 2011

1. Objectives: In this research, job and stress of the staffs who is working on clinical trial of oriental medicine involved in the project of Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM) was identified. And an efficient way to enhance the working ability of clinical trial of oriental medicine was developed by recognizing the relationship of job satisfaction, organizational commitment and job performance with their stress. 2. Methods: A survey was conducted on 18 staffs in 12 hospitals who is working in the project of The construction of constitutional information collecting system for the scientification of Sasang Constitution. The collected data was analyzed with computer software of SPSS 17.0 3. Results: The research results are as follows: 1. The staffs of clinical trial of oriental medicine responded that they want to receive the rewards for their work with a salary, and they felt that through clinical demonstration followed by SOP and front face photograph are the most difficult works in clinical trial of oriental medicine. 2. Permanent workers showed higher organizational commitment than temporary workers in the relationship of job satisfaction, organizational commitment and job performance with general characteristics(p=0.026). 3. In the relationship of job stress with general characteristics, the workers who are higher than college graduates had dissatisfaction in salary with the highest frequency(p=.004), and the workers whose monthly salary is higher than 2 millions won showed the lowest job stress(p=.021). 4. In the relationship of job satisfaction, organizational commitment and job performance with job stress, as job apprehension stress is increased, job performance is dramatically decreased(p=.027). And as improper salary stress is increased, job satisfaction and organizational commitment is dramatically decreased (p=.018, p=.050). 4. Conclusions: It was clearly evidenced that job satisfaction, organizational commitment and job performance is closely related with stress of the staffs who is working on clinical trial of oriental medicine. And it is highly recommended that the improvement of working condition and the decrease of job stress can enhance the working ability of them.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.184-192
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• 2014

${\beta}$-lapachone is a naturally occurring quinone that selectively induces apoptotic cell death in a variety of human cancer cells in vitro and in vivo; however, its mechanism of action needs to be further elaborated. In this study, we investigated the effects of ${\beta}$-lapachone on the induction of apoptosis in human gastric carcinoma AGS cells. ${\beta}$-lapachone significantly inhibited cellular proliferation, and some typical apoptotic characteristics such as chromatin condensation and an increase in the population of sub-G1 hypodiploid cells were observed in ${\beta}$-lapachone-treated AGS cells. Treatment with ${\beta}$-lapachone caused mitochondrial transmembrane potential dissipation, stimulated the mitochondria-mediated intrinsic apoptotic pathway, as indicated by caspase-9 activation, cytochrome c release, Bcl-2 downregulation and Bax upregulation, as well as death receptor-mediated extrinsic apoptotic pathway, as indicated by activation of caspase-8 and truncation of Bid. This process was accompanied by activation of caspase-3 and concomitant with cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. The general caspase inhibitor, z-VAD-fmk, significantly abolished ${\beta}$-lapachone-induced cell death and inhibited growth. Further analysis demonstrated that the induction of apoptosis by ${\beta}$-lapachone was accompanied by inactivation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway. The PI3K inhibitor LY29004 significantly increased ${\beta}$-lapachone-induced apoptosis and growth inhibition. Taken together, these findings indicate that the apoptotic activity of ${\beta}$-lapachone is probably regulated by a caspase-dependent cascade through activation of both intrinsic and extrinsic signaling pathways, and that inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling may contribute to ${\beta}$-lapachone-mediated AGS cell growth inhibition and apoptosis induction.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.681-690
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• 2000

For scientification of commercial fermented radish products the study on physicochemical and processing properties of various radish cultivars should be proceeded and needed. Moisture contents of 3 parts of root ranged from 91.3 to 94.0%. Although, the upper part showed less content of moisture and ash than other parts, the upper part contained higher amount of crude protein and soluble solids. The sugar contents of Baekkwang grown on spring was the lowest$(5.0^{\circ}Brix)$ and that of Taebaek grown on autumn was the highest $(6.6^{\circ}Brix)$ among 6 cultivars. Significant difference of acidity was shown in various cultivars but not in each parts. The most abundant soluble sugars in radish root was glucose ranging from 15.8 to $27.3\;{\mu}mole/g\;f.w.$ fresh weight, f.w. and followed by fructose ranging from 16.4 to $23.1\;{\mu}mole/g\;f.w.$ However, the content of sucrose ranging from 0.7 to $2.7\;{\mu}mole/g\;f.w.$ was the lowest compared to others. Hardness of fresh root was the highest in Taebaek $[93.4{\sim}156.9N/m^2(\times10^3)]$, followed by Dongja and Chudong, and the lowest in Baekkwang. Changes in rigidity of roots during brining were determined. Although the rigidity was drastically reduced during initial 60 min., it was reversely increased during further storage. Sensory acceptabilities of Taebaek and Dongja were the best among 7 cultivars. Optimal time of radish fermentation at pH of 4.2 and acidity of 0.6% was between 24 and 28 days of storage.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.23 no.10
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• pp.1280-1287
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• 2013

The current study investigated the effects of [6]-gingerol, a ginger phytochemical, on the expression of autophagy-related genes and the activation of antioxidative enzymes in the pancreas of mice with cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis. The following were studied: pancreatic edema, ${\alpha}$-amylase activity in serum, expression of autophagy genes, activities of antioxidative defense enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and the production of lipid peroxidation (LPO). The results revealed that cerulein-induced edema in the pancreas and ${\alpha}$-amylase activity in the cerulein group significantly increased compared with that of the control. However, that of the [6]-gingerol pretreated group was significantly decreased compared with that of the cerulein-alone injected group (positive control). There was no significant difference compared with that of control. The expression of autophagy-related proteins, including Beclin-1 and cleaved microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3, were significantly increased in the positive control but significantly decreased in the [6]-gingerol-pretreated group. Furthermore, the activities of SOD and GSH-Px in the positive control were decreased compared with those of the control. However, those of the [6]-gingerol pretreated group were significantly increased compared with those of the cerulein-alone group. The mRNA levels and antioxidant enzyme activities were similar. The production of LPO in the cerulein with and without [6]-gingerol groups was increased by 133.1% and 26.3%, respectively, compared with that of the control, whereas that of the [6]-gingerol-pretreated group was significantly decreased by 48.5% compared with that of the positive control. Therefore, [6]-gingerol may be a strong candidate in reducing autophagy and LPO production and in enhancing antioxidative enzyme activities to help prevent acute and chronic pancreatitis.