• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.369-374
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• 2007

A fingerprint is an impression of the friction ridges of all or any part of the finger. A friction ridge is a raised portion of the epidermis on the palmar (palm and fingers) or plantar (sole and toes) skin, consisting of one or more connected ridge units of friction ridge skin. There are two fundamental principles underlying the use of fingerprints as a means of identifying individuals - immutability and uniqueness. Friction ridges develop on the fetus in their definitive form before birth. Ridges are persistent throughout life except for permanent scarring. Ridge patterns and the details in small areas of friction ridges are unique and never repeated. Friction ridge patterns vary within limits, which allow for classification. We developed the high temperature-moisturizing method to obtained quality postmortem impressions from decomposing friction ridge skin. This technique is a simple procedure that uses boiling water to recondition the skin. This reconditioning process enhances detail present on the fingers and exposes ridge detail not visible to the naked eye. Therefore, we can recover the quality fingerprints, even from the worst decomposed bodies.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.3-15
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• 2008

North Korea is one of the most vulnerable countries of the world for drought but still it is difficult to find scientific researches for understanding of the drought characteristics. This study analyzed the temporal and spatial distribution of meterological drought severity and classified the drought development types in North Korea. All eleven drought indices were tested such as seasonal rainfall, PDS, SPI and so on, and then drew the drought risk map by each indicator using frequency analysis and GIS(Geographic Information Systems) for twenty one meteorological stations. In addition meteorological drought characteristics in North Korea was classified to six patterns on Si/Gun administrative units using cluster analysis on the drought indicators. The cluster III has the strongly drought-resistant area due to sufficient rainfall and the cluster V was considered as the most drought-vulnerable area, Pungsan and Sinpo, because of the severest drought condition for eight drought indicators. The results of this study are expected to be provided for the basic understanding of regionalized drought severity and characteristics confronting the risk of drought from climate variations in North Korea.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.283-302
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• 1996

The Umsikbup is a book of Korean woman's life in the Yi-dynasty which published in middle of nineteenth century by unknown author. I have studied the food habits of the Yi-dynasty that wrote in umsikbup as followings ; The stape foods are Bab (boiled cooked rice) 1, Myons (noodles) 4 and Mandu 5 kinds. The side dishes are Guk (soup) 3, Sinsollo 1, Jim 9, Jijim 1, Nooruemi 6, Sun 2, Po 3, Muchim 1, Jabans 3, Jockpyuns 2, Pyunyuk 1, Chae 2, and Kimchi 1 kinds. Thare are D'ock 22, Kwajung 46, Beverages 9 and alcohol are 4 kinds. There are many kinds of Dasikk of the Kwajung in the Umsikbup than no other cooking books. The seasonings are soybean sauce 5, honey 6, oil 4 and sesame seeds 3, ect. There are the description of food types in the seasonal variation and also there are the wisdom of life and avoiding food ; toxic meats, fishes, vegetables and fruits in the taboo food. There are most of Kwajung in the Chanhap (food packed in nest of boxes) in addition to beverages, D'ock, Mandu, decoration methods in the seasonal variation. There are many food making terms which are 163 kinds of prepared cooking term 27 kinds of cutting terms and 17 kinds of boiling terms. And 18 kinds of expression of taste can be seen in this book. There are 24 kinds of table were and cooking kitchen utensils, but many of them came to usefulness 12 kinds of measuring units are very non-scientific because that is not by weight but by bulk or volume.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2008년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.9
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• pp.465-465
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• 2008

Conjugated polymers have attracted much scientific and technological research interest during the past few decades because of their potential use such as polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs).1,2 Particularly, lots of phenylene-based polymers such as polyfluorene and its derivatives have been synthesized because of their high photoluminescence quantum efficiencies and thermal stabilities. However, troublesome long wavelength emission in polymer film of polyfluorenes on heating during device formation or operation has been the crucial problem for practical applications. The source of the long wavelength emission was initially believed to be solely due to excimer emission as a result of polymer aggregation. It has also recently been correlated with emissions from ketonic defects in the fluorene units. Many efforts have been made to reduce the tendency to red-shifted emission. Here, we report for the first time the design and synthesis of novel 9,9-spiro bifluornene-based polymers containing heteroatoms such as N, S in its molecular skeleton. Especially, the 9,9-spiro bifluornene-based polymers containing N atom showed stable blue electroluminescence, which did not show spectral change upon thermal annealing.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제59권2호
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• pp.277-284
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• 2010

As technology is developed, the quantity of new vocabularies is increasing more rapidly. So many vocabularies of technology have various meanings for each part and are used diversely according to circumstances. Therefore, the necessity of reasonable methods of standardization and purification is increasing and it is necessary to establish a classification system of terminology for the first phase of the standardization. Firstly, based on classification systems of power and IT standard dictionaries, scientific and technological standard, SPARK, power IT fields of IEC and organization units of corporations, we propose a new classification system for the standardization of power IT terminologies. The classification system consists of a hierarchical structure with general classification, application fields and specific technologies while keeping the conventional matrix-type classification system. And interpretation methods of power IT terminologies, which are classified according to the new classification system for the standardization of power IT terminologies, is proposed. The interpretation works of the power IT terminologies confirm that the classification system is systematic and the interpretation process is efficient.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2002년도 Proceedings of International Symposium on Remote Sensing
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• pp.191-196
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• 2002

From this year, KIGAM, one of Korean government-supported research institutes, has started new national program for digital geologic/natural resources infrastructure building. The goal of this program is to prepare digitally oriented infrastructure for practical digital database building, management, and public services of numerous types of paper maps related to geo-scientific resources or geologic thematic map sets: hydro-geologic map, applied geologic map, geo-chemical map, airborne radiometric/magnetic map, coal geologic map and off-shelf bathymetry map and so forth. As for digital infrastructure, several research issues in this topic are composed of: ISP (Information Strategy Planning), geo-framework modeling of each map set, pilot database building, cyber geo-mineral directory service system, and web based geologic information retrieval system upgrade which services Korean digital geologic maps scaled 1:50K. In this study, UML (Unified Modeling Language)-based data modeling of geo-data sets by and in KIGAM, among them, is mainly discussed, and its results are also presented in the viewpoint of digital geo-modeling ISP. It is expected this model is further progressed with the purpose of being a guidance or framework modeling for geologic thematic mapping and practical database building, as well as other types of national thematic map database building.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.598-608
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• 2017

A new radiation scale is proposed. With empathy toward the vast majority of people who are not well versed in radiation and related matters, and thus suffering from misunderstanding that breeds unnecessary fear of radiation, the aim of proposing a new radiation scale, radiation index (RAIN), is to put the general public at ease with the concept of radiation. RAIN is defined in dimensionless numbers that relate any specific radiation dose to a properly defined reference level. As RAIN is expressed in plain numbers without an attached scientific unit, the public will feel comfortable with its friendly look, which in turn should help them understand radiation dose levels easily and allay their anxieties about radiation. The expanded awareness and proper understanding of radiation will empower the public to feel that they are not hopeless victims of radiation. The correspondence between RAIN and the specific accumulated dose is established. The equivalence will allow RAIN to serve as a common language of communication for the general public with which they can converse with radiation experts to discuss matters related to radiation safety, radiation diagnosis and therapy, nuclear accidents, and other related matters. Such fruitful dialogues will ultimately enhance public acceptance of radiation and associated technologies.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제12권12호
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• pp.5898-5916
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• 2018

In this paper, the downlink performance of multi-cell distributed antenna systems (DAS) with a single user in each cell is investigated. Assuming the channel state information is available at the transmitter, four transmission modes are formulated as combinations of remote antenna units (RAUs) selection and cooperative transmission, namely, non-cooperative transmission without RAU selection (NCT), cooperative transmission without RAU selection (CT), non-cooperative transmission with RAU selection (NCT_RAUS), and cooperative transmission with RAU selection (CT_RAUS). By using probability theory, the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of a user's signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) and the system ergodic capacity under the above four modes are determined, and their closed-form expressions are obtained. Furthermore, the system energy efficiency (EE) is studied by introducing a realistic power consumption model of DAS. An expression for determining EE is formulated, and the closed-form tradeoff relationship between spectral efficiency (SE) and EE is derived as well. Simulation results demonstrate their consistency with the theoretical analysis and reveal the factors constraining system EE, which provide a scientific basis for future design and optimization of DAS.

• 셀메드
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.9.1-9.5
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• 2022

Acne vulgaris is a common dermatological condition affecting the pilosebaceous units and having a multifactorial etiology. In Unani terminology, acne vulgaris is referred as Busoor Labaniya, characterized by white lesions on the face, nose, and cheeks; on squeezing, release cheesy material. In conventional medicine, mild cases are best addressed with topical regimens, but more severe cases require systemic medications. Retinoids (retinoic acid, adapalene, isotretinoin, tazarotene), benzoyl peroxide, clindamycin, erythromycin, and azelaic acid are a few examples of topical medications, whereas systemic drugs include antibiotics (Doxycycline, minocycline, erythromycin, azithromycin). In the Unani System of Medicine, numerous single and compound drugs have been used to treat Busoor Labaniya. These drugs are considered harmless and do not have any major side effects. In Unani system of medicine, acne vulgaris is effectively managed with natural medicines as well as therapeutic regimens with minimal side effects even after long-term usage. Acne vulgaris is usually treated with systemic blood purifiers along with topical Unani drugs. Hence, clinical studies with proper scientific parameters are needed to be conducted to establish and validate their efficacy in the prevention and control of acne vulgaris.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.37-66
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• 2023

Scientometrics and research evaluation describe and analyze research publications when conducting publication, citation, and topic analyses. However, what exactly is a (scientific, academic, scholarly or research) publication? This article demonstrates that there are many problems when it comes to looking in detail at quantitative publication analyses, citation analyses, altmetric analyses, and topic analyses. When is a document a publication and when is it not? We discuss authorship and contribution, formally and informally published documents, as well as documents in between (preprints, research data) and the characteristics of references, citations, and topics. What is a research publication? Is there a commonly accepted criterion for distinguishing between research and non-research? How complete and unbiased are data sources for research publications and sources for altmetrics? What is one research publication? What is the unit of a publication that causes us to count it as "1?" In this regard, we report problems related to multi-author publications and their counting, weighted document types, the unit and weighting of citations and references, the unit of topics, and counting problems-not only at the article and individual researcher level (micro-level), but also at the meso-level (e.g., institutions) and macro-level (e.g., countries). Our results suggest that scientometric counting units are not reliable and clear. Many scientometric and research evaluation studies must therefore be used with the utmost caution.