• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.349-362
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• 1995

As science programs emphasize an understanding of the nature of science, it is needed to assess students' views on a wide range of science-technology-society topics. The purpose of this study is to investigate the views of high school students about some selected topics of the epistemology of science. The selected topics include the meaning of science, scientific assumptions, values in science, conceptual inventions in science, scientific method, consensus making in science, and characteristics of the knowledge produced in science. Identified preconceptions in the study are as follows: Science was seen as improving the world(20%), and technology was defined as the application of science(35%). Almost half of the sample(49%) subscribed to a view consistent with a creationist posture and large group of students(46%) expressed a purely ontological view. Only minority of the students(5%) discounted the role played by private science values, but one half of the sample denied the fact that gender-related values can influence the knowledge that scientist construct(53%). Only a small potion of the sample(5%) held a view contrasting to contemporary epistemology of science, but the majority(67%) expressed a simplistic hierarchical relationship in which hypotheses become theories and theories become laws. One third of the students(33%) held a preconception that the scientific method composed of questioning, hypothesizing, collecting data, and concluding. Students did not appreciate the role of consensus making in science(33%). An out-dated epistemic perspective describes the progress of science as simply an accumulation of knowledge(4%). In general, it was concluded that most high school students did not hold efficient understanding on the nature of science. It can be said that no adequate and consistent instruction took place to provide students with an authentic view of the nature of science.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권12호
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• pp.1133-1147
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the level of science and technology development and digital readiness of scientific research institutes based on the author's assessment methodology (a set of evaluations and multifactorial indicators). Keeping with the previous literature, the research is caused by the novelty of the problem, which suggests dividing the literature review into two main research groups: theoretical background, which concentrates on the digital readiness definition, and the impact of digital readiness on science. Moreover, the scientific significance lies in the fact that proposed ideas in the research, developed theoretical and methodological provisions can significantly enrich theories related to the identification of the digital readiness of science and its consumers. Further, the research is devoted to the development of assessment methods of digital changes and analysis of the level of development of digital readiness of scientific research institutes, which is based on the author's assessment methodology (a set of evaluations and multifactorial indicators). The methodology provides an opportunity to build ratings of the digital readiness of scientific-research institutes to the formation and development of a digital economy. Obtained results show that the priority task in the current and the future period is to increase the authority and recognition of scientific organizations, the quality of scientific research, and the formation of demand for scientific products.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.303-310
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• 2019

In order to search for the causes of having difficulty with the scientification task of the Korean medicine, the definition and conception of science were reviewed first and then formalization of reasoning scheme and a practical method of scientification were proposed. Science in its definition is meant by foundation of method and system for production of scientific knowledge not by knowledge of science itself. The formation of science is composed of complex processes including not only scientific knowledge but also politicosocial output containing activity of scientist society, spreading of social value and intercommunication. The production of scientific knowledge of Korean medicine is begun from logicality of the differential diagnosis and treatment theory through abductive verification of analogical inference by yinyang and 5 phase theory. For the commensurability between the various heterogenic theories within Korean medicine, the scientific activity of collecting, compiling, analyzing, distributing, and discussing the significant knowledge gained through abductive verification in the experiment and clinical process should be formed broadly. Based on these knowledge database, organization of scientist society with Korean medicine, life science, medical engineering, social expansion and generalization of pattern conception, and then social propagation and contribution for national health should be driven forward.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.1-19
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• 1999

Based on the analysis of commonalities and differences in the views of science achievement in major reform documents in the United States and Korea, an aggregated view of science achievement is presented in this paper Science achievement is conceived of in terms of science content and science process. The components of science content include: (a) concepts and theories I n physical, life, and earth and space science;(b) science, mathematics, and technology;(c) science in personal and social perspectives;(d)history and nature of science;and (e) unifying themes. The components of science process include: (a) scientific understanding;(b) scientific investigation;(c) scientific communication; and (d) scientific habits of mind. The components of science process.cut across and intersect with the components of science content. The components of science achievement overlap and are related to one another. Despite such an overlap, understanding the rot e that each component plays provides insight into its unique contributions as well as its interactions with other components. A definition of science achievement and identification of its components based on major reform documents provides a guideline for science assessment as well a s science teaching and learning.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.54-67
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• 2021

This paper presents the ISRI (Information Systems Research Indicators) Web tool, publicly and freely available at isri.sciencesphere.org. Targeting Information Systems (IS) researchers, it compiles and organizes IS adoption and use theories/models, constructs, and indicators (measuring variables) available in the scientific literature. Aiming to support the IS theory development process, the purpose of ISRI is to gather and systematize information on research indicators to help researchers and practitioners' work. The tool currently covers eleven theories/models: DeLone and McLean's IS Success Model (D&M ISS); Diffusion of Innovations Theory (DOI); Motivational Model (MM); Social Cognitive Theory (SCT); Task-Technology Fit (TTF); Technology Acceptance Model (TAM); Technology-Organization-Environment Framework (TOE); Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB); Decomposed Theory of Planned Behavior (DTPB); Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA); and Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). It also includes currently over 400 constructs, nearly 2,500 indicators, and about 60 application contexts related to the models. For the creation of the tool's database, nearly 580 references were used.

• 논리연구
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.85-107
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• 2012

본 논문은 반 프라쎈의 뉴턴 시공간에 대한 해석에 기초한 경험동등성 논변을 비판한다. 필자의 주장은 반 프라쎈이 시공간에 대한 오해에서 절대속도라는 뉴턴 시공간이 가지는 여분의 구조를 통해 부적절한 비판을 낳고 있다는 것이다. 반 프라쎈의 경험동등성 논변은 모형의 다양한 측면을 무시한 뉴턴 시공간에 대한 부주의한 해석에 근거한다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.206-217
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• 2010

본 연구는 사범대학에 재학 중인 예비 과학교사들의 과학의 본성에 대한 인식을 개방형 설문지인 VNOS를 이용하여 조사하였다. 학생들의 과학에 대한 정의와 함께, 6가지 측면의 과학의 본성, 즉 (1) 과학적 이론과 법칙, (2) 과학적 이론의 가변성, (3) 이론 의존성, (4) 사회적 문화적 측면, (5) 창의성, 그리고 (6) 유추에 대한 학생들의 이해도를 알아보았다. 예비과학교사들은 과학을 정의내릴 때 대체로 과학적 방법 (예를 들어, 관찰과 실험)을 떠올리는 경향을 보였다. 또한 대부분의 학생들이 과학적 이론과 법칙의 차이점을 제대로 인식하지 못하고 있었다. 일부 학생들은 과학이 언제나 보편타당하며 관찰 증명되었다고 생각하여 과학의 사회적 문화적 측면 및 유추에 대해서 제대로 이해하지 못하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 우리나라 예비 과학교사는 과학적 지식의 형성에 있어서 창의력과 상상력의 사용에 대한 이해도가 미국의 예비과학교사에 비해 현저히 낮았다. 또한 예비 생물 교사들은 비생물 교사들에 비해 과학적 이론과 법칙 및 이론의 가변성에 대한 이해도가 낮았으나, 성별에 의한 관점의 차이는 없었다.

• 한국영어학회지:영어학
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.133-155
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• 2003

The purpose of this paper is to survey the definition and scope of English Education as an academic discipline or science, relating to English linguistics, linguistics and applied linguistics. English Education has come to be regarded as fulfilling its true function when it is based on the solid scientific principles and methods of such related sciences as linguistics, English linguistics, psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics, sociology, psychology and pedagogy. English Education is, therefore, an independent and specialized applied science, interrelated with the sciences mentioned above. Thus, English Education is defined as an academic discipline which is concerned with the concrete teaching and learning of English, and which is based on the scientific methods, applications and evaluations of English. As a science, English Education has three elements: content, process and methods. Content, which concerns input, consists of the fundamental interrelated sciences and English language skills. Process refers to research methodology and analysis. Methods are the application of the theories and the processes.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• 제23권3E호
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• pp.98-102
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• 2004

In 1896, Rayleigh was appointed as Scientific Advisor of the Trinity House. Rayleigh applied his knowledge of sound to developing effective fog signals during his IS-year tenure at the maritime organization. Rayleigh's expertise on acoustics met an appropriate field for its application during his improvement of the fog signal for the institution. Rayleigh's activities at the Trinity House were motivated by his desire to make contribution to the public. During his research on the fog signal, Rayleigh effectively employed his expertise acquired through his mathematical and experimental research on sound and vibration since the 1860s. Rayleigh developed effective horns for emitting fog signals and proposed various ways of overcoming the weaknesses of sound signals available at that time. While attempting to solve the problem of the attenuation of sound signals disseminating through the air, Rayleigh put foundations of atmospheric acoustics by developing new scientific theories about it.

• 기술사
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.54-57
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• 2004

This study attempts to review the theories and systems related to the policy for scientific and engineering human resources, to delve into the relevant documents and case studies, to carry out a survey, and to compare the Korean situation with those of advanced countries. This will verify the problems in current policies and help draw up the plans for future policies.