• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.216-230
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose is to prevent accidents by predicting disasters through the analysis of near-miss. Method: In this study, a near-miss literature review and data were collected at construction sites, and a questionnaire survey was conducted to use logistic regression analysis and decision tree analysis to classify the possibility of near-miss connection. Result: As a result of analyzing the effects of near-miss types on mental, physical, and safety habits and behaviors, the factor with a high influence on the body is the need for near-miss management, the type of job is electricity·information communication, and health status in order, and the mental factor is the construction scale The influence was high, and the factors with the highest influence on the habit behavior factors were analyzed in the order of experience, number of serious injuries, and occupation in order of illusion, inappropriate work instructions, and body parts. Through decision tree analysis, factors and patterns that affect the possibility of a near-miss being a surprise accident were identified. Conclusion: Construction site officials consider the observation of near-miss and mentally and physically. Specific management of the relevance of physical aspects to near-miss should be implemented, and a work environment in which serious accidents are reduced is expected through personnel allocation, work plans, work procedures and methods, and feedback so that inappropriate work instructions do not lead to near-miss.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.120-127
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• 2023

Maritime pilots are always exposed to unpredictable risks present in the marine environment because they are boarding ships through pilot ladders or accommodation ladders at sea. Since the pilot plays an important role in securing the safety of a ship entering or departing from a port, an injury to the pilot substantially affects the overall safety of the ship. The purpose of this study is to analyze pilot injuries and predict accidents. For this purpose, pilot injury cases are analyzed and potential situations are identified through a survey. Pilot injuries are also predicted. The survey was analyzed using the IPA (Importance-Performance Analysis) methodology, and the binomial distribution and Poisson distribution were used to predict injury trends. As a result of the study, 316.8 nearmiss occurred per pilot injury, and if the current accident management system is maintained, the probability of pilot injury occurring within 3 months is 64.4%. Based on the research results, the need for a management system to prevent pilot injuries and reinforcement of maintenance and installation for pilot ladders was suggested.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.338-347
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• 2023

Jinhae Bay, characterized by frequent runaway ships and strong winds during typhoon attacks, poses a high risk of maritime accidents such as ship collisions and groundings. This study aims to determine a safe separation distance between ships in the Jinhae Bay anchorage, considering the unique environmental characteristics of the Korean sea area. Analysis revealed that an average of 100-200 ships anchor in the typhoon avoidance area in Jinhae Bay during typhoon attacks, with approximately 70% of ships experiencing anchor dragging owing to strong external forces exceeding 25 m/s wind speeds. In this study, we analyzed and presented the separation distances between ships during anchoring operations based on domestic and international design standards, separation distances between ships used as actual typhoon shelters in Jinhae Bay, and appropriate safe distances for ships drifting under strong external forces. The analysis indicated that considering the minimum criteria based on the design standards and emergency response time, a minimum safe distance of approximately 400-900 m was required. In cases where ample space was available, the separation distance was recommended to be set between 700 to 900 m. The findings of this study are anticipated to contribute to the development of guidelines for establishing safe separation distances between ships seeking refuge from typhoons in Jinhae Bay in the future.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.319-327
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• 2023

This study analyzes the risks of explosions of small LPG storage tanks installed at highway rest areas. For this purpose, the ranges of the effect of thermal radiation and overpressure caused by the BLEVE(Boiling Liquid Expansion Vapor Explosion)and VCE(Vapor Cloud Explosion) of a 2900-kg small LPG storage tank installed at highway rest areas were quantitatively evaluated by applying the Areal Location of Hazardous Atmospheres program. The ranges of influence of the derived explosion overpressure and thermal radiation were found to have a maximum radii of 336 m and 423 m, respectively. The study determined that those within 269 m could be severely injured by an explosion overpressure of 3.5 psi, and fatalities from thermal radiation of 10 kw/m² could occur within 192 m of the exploded storage tank. The safety management plan for the LPG storage tank was discussed while considering the auxiliary facilities of highway rest areas and the extent of the damage impact. These research results will help improve safety accident prevention regulations considering the environment and facilities of the rest areas as well as the safety management of small LPG storage tanks installed at highway rest areas.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.253-258
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• 2006

This paper aims to measure and evaluates the technical efficiency with two inputs and four outputs with the use of fuzzy DEA(Data Envelopment Analysis) in Korean RCC(Rescue Co-ordination Center)/RSC(Rescue Sub-Center). Especially, this paper included not only the marine accident data which occurred for the analysis in particular but also the possibility data of a potential marine accident by an Environmental Stress value and analyzed the technical efficiency. And in this paper, asymmetrical triangular fuzzy number is presented about inputs/ outputs data and a procedure is suggest for it solution. The basic idea is to transform the fuzzy CCR model into a crisp linear programming problem by applying an alternative ${\alpha}-cut$ approach. Also this paper propose a ranking method for fuzzy RCC/RSC using presented fuzzy DEA approach. The result, when ${\alpha}-cut$ is 0.5, efficiency priority should be in order to YS, BS, MP, TS, JJ, PH, US, IC, SC, DR, GS, TA, WD RCC/RSC. Finally, Inefficiency TA, WD RCC/RSC have to benchmarking with reference sets.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.27-35
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• 2018

The passive containment cooling system (PCCS) has been designed to remove the released decay heat during the accident by means of the condensation heat transfer phenomenon to guarantee the safety of the nuclear power plant. The heat removal performance of the PCCS is mainly governed by the condensation heat transfer of the steam-air mixture. In this study, the heat removal performance of the PCCS was evaluated by using the MARS-KS code with a new empirical correlation for steam condensation in the presence of a noncondensable gas. A new empirical correlation implemented into the MARS-KS code was developed as a function of parameters that affect the condensation heat transfer coefficient, such as the pressure, the wall subcooling, the noncondensable gas mass fraction and the aspect ratio of the condenser tube. The empirical correlation was applied to the MARS-KS code to replace the default Colburn-Hougen model. The various thermal-hydraulic parameters during the operation of the PCCS follonwing a large-break loss-of-coolant-accident were analyzed. The transient pressure behavior inside the containment from the MARS-KS with the empirical correlation was compared with calculated with the Colburn-Hougen model.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.22 no.3 s.27
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• pp.389-397
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• 1989

To identify the problems in child rearing practice of employed mothers in urban poor area, all of 201 women with children under 6 years old living in Yun San 3 Dong, a poor area of Pusan city, were interviewed with a questionnaire by a trained interviewer from 10th April to 10th May 1989. Among 201 women, 51 women were employed and 150 women were unemployed. Of the employed mothers 78.5% got their jobs because of economical need and 31.4% of them worker for 60-69 hours per week. Their average monthly income was 100,000-190,000 Won in 33.4% and 200,000-290,000 Won in 25.4% Breast milk was fed in 66.0% of the children of unemployed mothers while 49.0 of the children of the employed mothers were breast-fed (p<0.05). The most common reason for not breast feeding was shortage of breast milk among unemployed mothers (58.9%) but that of the employed mothers was their job(63.6%). The basic immunization for children was completed in 70.5% of children of employed mothers as compared with 82.0% of the children of the unemployed mothers were completely immunized (p>0.1). Accident experience rate of children among the employed mothers was 23.5 a and that of the children of the unemployed mothers was 17.3% . The most common cause of acident in children of the unemployed mothers was carelessness while they were playing(34.6%) but in children of the employed mothers it was traffic accident(25.0%) and falling(25.0%). Most of the traffic accidents took place while the children's brother or sister of age under 14 years were baby sitting. When the accident took place 73.1% of the unemployed mothers were just at home, but 58.3% of the employed mothers were out of home for work. In case of the employed mothers, 58.7% of their children were looked after by an adult mainly grandparents, 15.7% by the children's brothers and sisters under 14 years old, and 3.9% of the children were left alone. A majority of the unemployed mothers wanted to get a job if someone could take care of their children. To facilitate the women employment and for the safety and health of the children, good nurseries for working mothers need to be established at a cost they can afford.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.327-336
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• 2012

Objective: The purpose of this study is to find the problems of stability when people use the bassinet as an ambulatory aid for old people. Background: Many aged people use a bassinet as ambulatory aid. But the safety of using the bassinet as ambulatory aid has not been verified yet. Method: The 13 university-students who don't have musculoskeletal disorders volunteered to participate in this study. According to structural analysis of the both tools, we compared the structural stability of an outdoor rollator with the structural stability of a bassinet. And when the participants walked using both tools, the motions were captured and analysed. We measured the angle of shoulder joint and the angle of trunk from the ground when the participants were walking. And we found the distance from participants' pressure cone apex and greater trochanter. Results: Following the structural analysis, the bassinet has the lower structural stability than the outdoor rollator. When the people used the bassinet as ambulatory aid, the angle of the shoulder joint was bigger than to use the outdoor rollator. The angle of trunk wasn't different between the outdoor rollator and the bassinet. And distance from pressure cone apex to greater trochanter was far to use the bassinet than to use the outdoor rollator. Conclusion: Through the structure analysis and gait analysis of the bassinet and the outdoor rollator, we can be aware of that the bassinet has problem of stability. Therefore the people who use the bassinet as an ambulatory aid, especially supporting body weight, may be hurt due to the problems of stability. Application: This research can be used for developing a study of the ambulatory aid and preventing the accident when the aged people use the ambulatory aid.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.481-494
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• 2020

Objectives: No study has been conducted to review characteristics of humidifier disinfectants (HD) products, such as real numbers, levels and types of HD substances contained, or the volume marketed. We aimed to review the characteristics of HD through a literature review. Methods: We collected literature reporting the names, numbers, and ingredients of HD and discussed them with a focus on the number of HD products and the chemicals used as a disinfectant. Results: A total of eight publications has reported the names of HD brands or types of disinfectants from 2011 to 2020. To date, a total of 40 HD products have been used, excluding four products. Eight HD products used polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate (PHMG) and 14 used a mixture of chloromethylisothiazolinone (CMIT) and methylisothiazolinone (MIT) as disinfectants. Benzalkonium chloride (BKC) and sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC) were also used as a disinfectant in several HD products. A total of 19 HD products were associated with the development of HD associated lung injury (HDLI). The Oxy Saksak HD product containing PHMG showed the highest number of HD associated health effects. The type of disinfectant from a total of 14 HD products has not been identified. Conclusions: A total of 40 HD products have been marketed in South Korea since 1994. Further studies should be conducted to identify the association of product characteristics, including type of HD ingredients, with health effects.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2004.05b
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• pp.73-79
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• 2004

When large-scale oil spill happens, it will put the fatal impact on the ecosystem, ultimately harm human being seriously. Accordingly every coastal country invests to improve response technologies, of which oil removal by use of bioremediation agent is taken to be secondary or alternative cleanup method in a specific spilled area In this regards, the author attempts to find out the efficiency and effectiveness of bioremediation agent to oil slick by laboratory experiment as well as the possibility of bioremediation application to future spill accident and gets the some results. In this study, the effectiveness and efficiency of bioremediation agent to oil slick is examined by short-term laboratory test and it is found that bioremediation agent am degrade oils effectively. however, considering the environment c! spill site is quite different from that of lab, the author will carry on the on-scene test of bioremediation for longer period to look into the possibility of biorediation agent as one of oil spill response methods.