• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.15-31
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• 2022

The Green Purification Unit System (GPUS) is a green infrastructure facility applicable to the roadside to reduce particulate matter from road traffic. This study introduces two types of GPUS (type1 and type2) and assesses the performance and maintenance costs of each of them. The GPUS's performance analysis used the data collected in November 2021 after the installation of the GPUS type1 and type2 at the study site in Suwon. The changes in the particulate matter concentration near the GPUS were measured. The maintenance cost of GPUS type1 and type2 was assessed by calculating the initial installation cost and the management and repair cost after installation. The results of the performance analysis showed that the GPUS type1, which was manufactured by combining plants and electric dust collectors, had a superior particulate matter reduction performance. In particular, type1 produced a greater effect of particulate matter reduction in the time with a high concentration (50㎍/m³ or higher) of particulate matter due to the operation of electric dust collectors. GPUS type2, which was designed in the form of a plant wall without applying an electric dust collector, showed lower reduction performance than type1 but showed sufficiently improved performance compared to the existing band green area. Meanwhile, the GPUS type1 had three times higher costs for the initial installation than GPUS type2. In terms of costs for managing and repairing, it was evaluated that type1 would be slightly more costly than type2. Finally, this study discussed the applicability of two types of GPUS based on the result of the analysis of their particulate matter performance and maintenance cost at the same time. Since GPUS type2 has a cheaper cost than type1, it could be more economical. However, in the area suffering a high concentration of particulate matter, GPUS type1 would be more effective than type2. Therefore, the choice of GPUS types should rely on the status of particulate matter concentration in the area where GPUS is being installed.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.335-341
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• 2022

This article is devoted to the study of the process of formation of the digital generation in a distance learning environment. With the introduction of quarantine due to the spread of COVID-19, opponents of digital technologies were forced to turn to relevant resources, while supporters identified new opportunities for the development of didactics and education in general. The irreversibility of the former educational reality became apparent and only the scale of the vision of potential change by interested and disinterested groups differed. Using a comprehensive approach, the authors consider the issues related to the direct and indirect impact of distance learning on children and young people born after the beginning of the XXI century. The article reveals the prerequisites and implications of distance education for the interaction of participants in the educational process. IC technologies during the educational process in the primary grades, in addition to identifying the student's learning deficit, should provide the transmission of non-verbal signals, which are important for children of this age. At the same time in the secondary school IR-technologies are designed to replace frontal learning during the assimilation of knowledge and at the same time not to worsen the quality of the educational process. Formation of students in the HEI takes place in the political science format, constant discussion of problem situations, so the task of introducing IC technology in this process is the accurate transfer of the content of the discussions. Individualization and autonomization of the educational process, its dependence on the results of the choice of educational content, and the use of pedagogical management tools change the philosophy of education for children and youth. The authors conclude that the formation of a digital generation, characterized by an increased level of digital literacy of children and youth, the possession of a certain level of digital capacity requires the use of strategies aimed at optimizing the learning process in a digital educational environment.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 2016

A conflict of interest (COI) places people in ethical dilemma when providing consultation in a field of business, medical/pharmaceutical industry, research etc. Disclosure is a commonly adopted strategy for the adverse effect of COI, but previous studies have reported inconsistent results. This investigated whether individual differences in pursuing self-interest influence differently on consultation behavior during voluntary- or no-disclosure of COI conditions. A total of 190 adults participated in an on-line experiment which consisted of two tasks. On the 1^st task, participants were divided into either a role-oriented group or a self-interest group depending on their consultation choice on the task. On the 2^nd task, participants were required to choose whether to disclose COI to his/her virtual partner and provided consultation to them. No group differences were found in frequency of choosing voluntary disclosure. For the role-oriented group, the voluntary disclosure group provided unbiased information to the virtual partners than the no disclosure group. However, no group difference between voluntary- and no-disclosure group in the self-interest group. Implications and limitations are further discussed.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.105-135
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• 2022

As COVID-19 has led to a surge in e-commerce Buy Now Pay Later(BNPL) has become preferred choice among millennials. In Korea Coupang followed by Naver Pay offers a deferred payment, aiming to create customer lock-in effect, save credit card processing fee and lay the groundwork for entering into new financial services. However the literature related to the influential factors of customers' usage intention toward a deferred payment is scarce. For the study, a multi-group analysis was carried out to find differences between Naver shopping and Coupang. The results revealed that the important factors that affect a deferred payment adoption were compatibility, impulsive buying tendency in Naver shopping, whereas compatibility, relative advantage, additional value in Coupang(listed in order of most important). In addition, impulsive buying tendency had a positive effect on adoption intention in Naver shopping and on perceived risk in Coupang. The results imply that Naver shopping need to focus on managing delinquency while Coupang should provide sufficient information on how late fees and credit rating downgrade work and try not to make a deferred payment option stand out. In order to increase adoption rate it is recommendable to narrow down target segment of a deferred payment and expand it to a specialized vertical such as travel.

• Korean small business review
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.75-94
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• 2018

This study captures the possibility that entrepreneurs can become an employee in a traditional organization (a company). Acknowledging that the career change from self-employment to salary-employment is not a trivial decision, we investigate how this career path can be made. As an exploratory approach, we take a social psychological perspective; in particular, we posit that entrepreneurial costs can affect the "getting-back" career decision. Given that career changes can be considered as a boundedly-rational choice, we claim that when the entrepreneurs are perceived as being stigmatized, these transaction-related costs will further engage in the "getting-back" career decision. To test these ideas, we sample 254 respondents from the database of Korea Education & Employment Panel (KEEP) and estimate the hazard ratio that an entrepreneur, who used to be an employee, becomes an employee with respect to entrepreneurial costs. With the results, we discuss how career changes (especially getting back to salary-employment) can be made through social evaluations of the entrepreneurs.

• 한국노년학
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.177-194
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• 2009

Korea government has launched long-term care insurance from 2008. However, one of the most important issues, whether or not providing cash benefit, is still unresolved. In this paper, in order to provide policy guidelines for the long-term care insurance, I attempt to estimate the Willingness-To-Accept (WTA) of the cash subsidy for informal care by using Double Bounded Dichotomous Choice method, a branch of Contingent Valuation Method (CVM). In doing so, I also estimated the determinants of the preference for cash benefit. Data were obtained from face-to-face survey interviews with 300 informal care-givers at three major general hospitals in Seoul, Korea. The questionnaire was constructed with two scenarios (mild/severe symptom). The results from logistic regression analyses and the estimation of WTA indicate that informal care-givers are willing to accept the cash benefit as low as 628 thousands won for mild fragile elderly and 1,072 thousands won for severe fragile elderly. The strength of this paper is that I estimated the WTA of the cash benefit by reflecting the changes in preferences of informal care-givers. The analytic results from the this paper suggest that the cash benefit in long-term care insurance is indispensible in achieving the goal of the long-term care system.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.27-48
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• 2012

Temperature and weather are all around us, quite literally. Furthermore, temperature and weather not only permeate our atmosphere, constantly affecting our visceral states of warmth and coldness, but they metaphorically permeate our language. People, products, and ideas can all be "hot" or "cold." Given this ubiquity, it is perhaps surprising that relatively little research has systematically examined the influence of temperature on choice and judgment. Temperature-related words such as "hot" and "cold" are often used to describe impulsive and calculated behaviors, respectively. These metaphoric connotations of thermal concepts raise the question as to whether temperature, psychological states and decision making are related to each other, and if so, how. The current research examines these questions and finds support for a relationship. Across one field study and one laboratory experiment, I demonstrate that both hot ambient room temperature (Spa) and hot temperature primes (words) trigger decision outcomes in line with the metaphoric association between hot temperature and impulsivity. In the field study, participants were recruited in hot (40-50 degrees Celsius) and cold (10 degrees Celsius) rooms at a spa. Participants were simply asked to indicate their willingness-to-pay (WTP) for three product categories (travel package, birthday dinner, and cell phone). The results showed that participants in the hot room in comparison to those in the cold room were willing to pay more for the same products. Next, I tested if our results would go beyond ambient temperature and would hold if I were to prime temperature concepts by using a different priming method (i.e., subliminal vs. supraliminal). In line with the previous findings in the spa, participants in the hot priming condition were more likely to choose the wrong answer for the bat and baseball question than those in the cold priming condition. In addition, product type (e.g., pleasure vs. necessity) can moderate the effect of hot temperature on impulsivity. Mood and arousal did not mediate participants' responses. My findings seem to suggest that the effects of temperature on decision outcomes can be attributed to metaphoric associations rather than incidental mood or arousal. The current research applies a novel perspective in understanding the relationship between temperature and judgment and decision making. Also, the results have practical implications for packaging, advertising, merchandising, and pricing of goods and services, as well as for public policy and awareness. One of the most natural implications of my findings would be that retailers would be better off carrying more impulse purchase items on hot days. Furthermore, point-of-purchase promotions encouraging impulse purchase is more likely to be effective in retail environments with higher temperature than with lower temperature. In addition, advertisements and product packages evoking hot temperature associations (e.g., beach, sunshine, summer) might lead consumers to pay higher price for the advertised product than those with cold temperature associations.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.19-44
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• 2013

The present study aimed at investigating how Korean housekeeper in midlife revaluate their lives. For this purpose, 14 housekeepers whose youngest child was at least older than high school students were interviewed in a semi-structured retrospective method. The interview was focused on relational, psychological, and economical aspects of the participants before and after marriage each. The interview usually continued one and a half to two hours. The phenomenological method describing personal meaning of experiences was referred to for data analyses by transforming retrospective life story of participants into key meaningful units. According to main retrospective contents of each stage of development, the participants' childhood and adolescence was characterized by familial circumstances, formation of personality and value, and career choice. Main themes of their early adulthood were spouse selection and marriage, marital adaptation, and family relationships. Their midlife focused on children, economic and emotional stability, family relationships, acceptance of their spouse and themselves, and health and religion. Life styles of the participants were analyzed in terms of turning events, meanings of current life, and cumulative effects of life events. These findings were discussed in terms of developmental pattern in relation to the established theory of development.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.21-48
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• 2010

This article analyzes film performances in the Korean movie market utilizing three-stage models that incorporate available information in three different stages of the movie life cycle, i.e., at the time of its release, at the end of the first week, and at the end of its life cycle. Based on the premise that the performance of a movie is affected principally by factors of scale, evaluation, and competition, we attempted to ascertain the effects on these factors on performances, and how they differ in different stages. Also, by analyzing domestic and foreign movies released in Korea separately, we were able to compare the different effects of the three factors on the performances of the two categories of movies. Additionally, our movie performance models incorporated herding behavior among the customers. Our results demonstrate that herding is prominently observed after the first week only for domestic movies. In general, the scale factor has been shown to be most important for movie performances in all stages. For foreign films, it is particularly critical for the first week and total performances. Whereas the evaluation factor influences domestic film performance more strongly at the screen choice stage, it affects the performance of foreign films more strongly in the later stages of the life cycle. As compared to foreign films, domestic film performance appears to be more sensitive to the competition factor. We also discuss the effects of covariates such as genre and symbolicity on movie performance.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.1-16
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• 2022

This paper studies the impact of regulatory approaches on innovation and entrepreneurship. As technological progress and environmental changes avail new business opportunities to innovative startups, many governments find it difficult to regulate new and unprecedented businesses promoted by the innovative firms. In order to provide academic and practitional implications on the regulatory design with which to support innovation and entrepreneurship, this paper aims to review classical theories on the demand and supply of regulation as well as empirical research on the impact of regulation on market entry and incentives for innovation. Based on the findings, this paper discusses the recent controversies around the regulatory approaches on new businesses pursued by startups, which are as known as the "positive regulatory approach" vs. "negative regulatory approaches" among practitioners and policy makers in Korea. This paper claims that the Korean context provides an useful opportunity to investigate how the ongoing transition of the once "fast follower" economy into a pacesetter one changes the nature of businesses pursued by firms, investors, and related market players and, accordingly, calls for the changes in the way the government intervenes in markets to regulate businesses of firms. By doing so, this paper sheds light on the role of the government in establishing an entrepreneurial ecosystem where innovative ideas of startups can be tested and nurtured.