• PNF and Movement
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.259-266
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) on gait speed and genu recurvatum episodes in stroke patients. Methods: The patient is a 58-year-old woman with left hemiplegia who presented with genu recurvatum while walking. Each week the patient received two sessions of PNF that each lasted 45 minutes. During a six-week interval the patient underwent therapeutic exercises and occupational therapy five times a week between the two PNF treatments. During each treatment a preand post-test (a 4 m walk test) was conducted, the patient described their fear of falling down (10-point visual analogue scale), and the number of genu recurvatum episodes was recorded. Results: After the first PNF treatment, the fear of falling down was decreased from 8 points to 7 points, and the number of genu recurvatum episodes decreased from 11 to 6. After the second PNF treatment, the fear of falling down decreased from 6 points to 5 points, and the number of genu recurvatum episodes decreased from 5 to 1. The 4 m walking test time also decreased from 30 seconds to 24 seconds. Conclusion: The PNF treatment is beneficial for reducing the fear of falling down, reducing the number of genu recurvatum episodes, and improving the gait speed of stroke patients.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.39-50
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• 1995

The Plan for effective usage of living room must be suggested because families primarily use living room for public space. And from the viewpoint of function and decoration. the kind of furniture. furniture occupancy quantity. and the arrangement of furniture have much affect on using a dwelling space. So this study will suggest basic data for a good furniture usage through experiment using scale down models. To analyze the data. frequency and percentage were used by running SPSS $PC^＋$ program. The major results are as follows. In an experiment using living room and furniture models(Scale 1/20). according to the size of space. TV sizes and furniture occupancy quantity were in proportion to size and space of the living room. Also they chose various types of tea-table and side-tables. In small spaces. subjects chose simple arrangement types (no sofa or I type sofa and cabinet). but in large spaces. they chose \ulcorner type or \ulcorner type sofa and cabinet.

• 한국연소학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.63-68
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• 2000

Combustion phenomenon in scale-downed combustor is investigated. As the combustor scale decreases surface to volume ratio increases and chamber size approaches quenching distance. As the combustor scales down surface to volume ratio increases resulting increased heat loss. And this heat loss can affect quenching and instability of the flame. To investigate this effect plastic mini combustor is made. Stoichiometricaly premixed Hydrogen / air gas is used as fuel. Initial chamber pressure and chamber size are varied and the effects are evaluated. Peak pressure decreased with the decrease in chamber height. As initial chamber pressure decreases peak pressure decreases and this change is more important than scale down effect till the chamber height of 1mm. With this result and further information following the experiments design parameter for micro engine can be established.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제9권10호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2018

본 논문은 항공기 축소모델에 장착된 상관형 위상비교 방향 탐지장치의 방위각 측정 정확도에 대해서 기술하였다. 항공기 하부면에 안테나를 설치하면 날개 등에 의한 전파 반사가 일어나서 방위각 측정오차가 발생한다. 본 연구에서는 F-16 전투기 5:1 축소 모델의 하부면에 5개 안테나를 원형으로 배치한 다음에 $0-360^{\circ}$ 방위각에서 $1^{\circ}$ 간격으로 전파를 송신할 때 5개 안테나에 수신되는 전파의 위상을 수치해석으로 구한 다음 상관형 위상비교방식으로 데이터를 융합하여 방위각 측정 정확도를 계산하였다. F-16 전투기 축소 모델의 상관형 위상비교방식의 방위각 측정오차는 신호잡음세기가 3dB 이상인 경우 평균 $1.0^{\circ}$ 이하로 양호하게 나타나서 항공기용 상관형 위상비교 방향 탐지장치 설계에 매우 유용하게 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국방사성폐기물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방사성폐기물학회 2018년도 춘계학술논문요약집
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• pp.391-392
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• 2018

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제17권11호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2016

패널식 옹벽은 지보재를 통한 선지보 개념으로 프리캐스트 패널과 체결하여 원지반 강도를 최대한 보호하며 보강하는 공법이다. 최근 건설공사에서 대규모 깎기비탈면의 형성에 따른 토공량 증가와 환경 훼손을 최소화하고 용지제한에 따른 토지의 효율적인 이용을 위해 패널식 옹벽의 적용이 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 원지반 부착식 패널옹벽은 자연암반 질감을 갖는 프리캐스트 콘크리트 패널을 사용하여 경관성을 향상시키고 완전한 Top-Down 시공법을 구현하도록 개발된 공법으로 수직절취와 패널의 원지반 직접부착이 가능해 비탈면 이완을 최소화하고 터파기 및 되메우기 공종을 배제하여 시공성을 개선하였다. 본 연구는 현장시험시공을 수행하여 수직절취 및 Top-Down에 대한 시공성을 확인하고, 대형재하시험과 하중단계별 계측결과를 분석하여 원지반 부착식 패널옹벽의 거동특성을 분석하였다.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.55-62
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• 2008

Bandpass sampling (BPS) techniques for the direct down-conversion of RF bandpass signals have become an essential technique for software defined radio (SDR), due to their advantage of minimizing the radio frequency (RF) front-end hardware dependency. This paper proposes an algorithm for finding the minimum BPS frequency for simultaneously down-converting multiple RF signals through full permutation over all the valid sampling ranges found for the multiple RF signals. We also present a scheme for reducing the computational complexity resulting from the large scale of the purmutation calculation involved in searching for the minimum BPS frequency. In addition, we investigate the BPS frequency allowing for the guard-band between adajacent down-converted signals, which help lessen the severe requirements in practical implementations. The performance of the proposed method is compared with those of other pre-reported methods to prove its effectiveness.

• 한국가시화정보학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.18-24
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• 2014

The Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) has a scaled-down moderator test program to simulate the CANDU6 moderator circulation phenomena during steady state operation and accident conditions. In the present work a preliminary experiment using a 1/8 scaled-down moderator tank has been performed to identify the potential problems of the flow visualization and measurement in the scaled-down moderator test facility. With a transparent moderator tank model, a velocity field is measured with a Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) technique under an isothermal state. The flow patterns from the inlet nozzles to the top region of the tank are investigated using PIV for a 1/8 scale moderator tank.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.195-204
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• 2018

A pilot scale study was conducted on a down-flow hanging sponge (DHS) reactor installed at a sewage treatment plant in Banda Aceh, Indonesia for treatment of desludging septic tank wastewater. Raw wastewater with an average biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and total suspended solids of 139 mg/L and 191 mg/L, respectively, was pumped into the reactor. Two different hydraulic retention times (HRTs, 3 h and 4 h) were investigated, equivalent to organic loadings of 1.11 and $0.78kg\;BOD/m^3/d$, respectively. The average BOD concentration in the final effluent was 46 and 26 mg/L at HRTs of 3 and 4 h, respectively. The concentration of retained sludge along the reactor height was 10.2-18.7 g VSS/L-sponge, and the sludge activities were 0.24-0.32 and 0.04-0.40 mg/g VSS/h for heterotrophs and nitrification, respectively. Values of water hold-up volume, dispersion coefficient, and number of tank in-series found from tracer studies of clean sponge and biomass-loaded sponge confirmed that growth of retained sludge on the sponge module improved hydraulic performance of the reactor. Adoption of the DHS reactor by this Indonesian sewage treatment plant would enhance the role of the current desludging septic tank wastewater treatment system.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.919-926
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• 2002

Down scaled combustor undergoes increased heat loss that results in incomplete combustion or quenching of the flame as a consequence. Therefore, effect of enhanced heat loss should be understood to design a MEMS scale combustion devices. Existing combustion models are inadequate for micro combustors because they were developed for analysis of regular scale combustor where heat loss can be ignored during the flame propagation. In this research a combustion model is proposed in order to estimate the heat loss and predict quenching limit of flame in a down scaled combustor. Heat loss in the burned region is expressed in a convective form as a product of wall surface area, heat transfer coefficient and temperature difference. Comparison to the measurements showed satisfactory agreement of the pressure and temperature drop. Quenching is accounted for by introducing a correlation of quenching parameter and heat loss. The present model predicted burnt fraction of gases with reasonable accuracy and proved to be applicable in thermal design of a micro combustor.