• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.57-70
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• 1998

For developing girls' brassiere, the survey on the actual wearing condition of brassiere for girls aged 9-15 if fulfilled. The findings of this study can be summarized as follows. 1) The starting age of the breast growth differs according to regions, schools, grades and body shape. Reason wearing brassiere is to sustain body shape. present brassiere type preferred most is tank-top. Motive wearing brassiere is based on the other's recommendation. Purchasing brassiere is performed largely by mother. 2) Few complaints appeared in the aspects of sewing, hook, loop, wire, wearing sense, touching sense, sweat absorption etc. Evaluation for the brassiere color and design is totally satisfied. When purchasing brassiere, beauty and color are important to all of girls. Yes or No of satisfaction for the wearing sense and comfort of brassiere is answered negatively. 3) Elementary school pupils preferred sport type, While middle school students showed an order as follows-wire

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.697-706
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• 2001

There are approximately 1,000 patients who undergo mastectomies each year in Korea. However, there is no company who manufactures mastectomy brassieres and breast prosthesis in Korea. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the wearing conditions of the imported mastectomy brassieres with breast prosthesis and to develop the better-fitted and comfortable mastectomy brassieres in reasonable price. 254 patients participated in this survey. In the results of our survey, 117 out of the 254 patients were wearing mastectomy brassieres and breast prostheses, which have been imported mostly from USA. The degree of satisfaction at wearing mastectomy brassieres was low. The patients generally feel hot when wearing mastectomy brassieres, specially in summer and also pointed out the heavy weight of breast prosthesis and the discomfort in wearing mastectomy brassiere for a long period of time.

• Proceedings of the ESK Conference
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.268-279
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• 1995

The purpose of this study is to suggest a brassiere sizing chart for elderly women. It is found that there is no direct linear relationship between cup size and under bust girth from the analsis of breast measurements. These 2 factors(under bust girth and cup size) were chosen as 2 axes of brassiere size chart. A loss function was used to determined intervals of bust girth and cup size of size chart, because the loss function introduces the concept of frequency to size chart for better customer's satisfaction. From the dual distribution table whose intervals had been determinde by a loss function. The 15 sizes, which had more than 2% of appearance were suggested for brassiere size chart. The suggested brassierc sizes covened 87.6% of all subjects. Considering that KS brassiere size thart consisting of 32 sizes covers 88.5%, the suggested brassiere size chart would be considered quite feasible. Also is suggested supply reference measurement chart relevant to brassiere manufacturing for 10 most frequent sizes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.741-751
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• 2017

Adolescent girls experience significant breast growth is a significant secondary sexual characteristic development; their breasts are clearly different from adults' in volume, location and shape. This study was designed to understand brassiere wearing conditions and practices of adolescent girls aged between 15 and 18, as well as to identify problems and solutions so that it can serve as basic guidelines to develop patterns and sizes for adolescent brassieres. This researcher first studied brassiere wearing conditions and size fitness of adolescent girls. We analyzed the 439 collected responses from an online survey. The survey questionnaires encompassed brassiere wearing conditions and practices, brassiere size awareness, brassiere design preference, and brassiere purchase behavior. The survey found that 55.8% of the responders did not accurately understand their brassiere sizes, and those who understood their size showed a higher satisfaction and less discomfort than those who did not. This study found a requirement to educate adolescent girls on how to select and wear the right-sized brassieres. It is also necessary to promote different brassiere designs for adolescent girls' size and body shape.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.586-600
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• 2015

This study investigates clothing pressure and subjective sensations in brassieres depending on breast type or bra type. The results of this study show that clothing pressure and subjective sensations were significantly influenced by breast type. The flat type breast and drooping type breast have a lower subjective satisfaction. Satisfaction for 3/4WL is the largest; however, 1/2W having low preventing breast shake and no-wire bra having low bust-up or low arrange-breast are required enhancements in bra function. The results are useful to provide basic data and produce high-quality brassieres depending on breast type.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.30 no.9_10 s.157
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• pp.1378-1388
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• 2006

We conducted a questionnaire survey of 481 Korean female college students and measured anthropometrically 2 girth of their bodies(bust, under bust girth) in order to understand the psychological needs about brassiere and the physical characteristics of consumers aged between 19 and 25(the 1924 generation). There were two major problems to be solved to improve the fit of brassiere in aspect of size. First, most brands for this age group aimed at product differentiation mainly on visual design not on brassiere size. According to the body measurements, the distribution of brassiere size had 6 sections '70AA, 70A, 70B, 75AA, 75A and 75B cups' showing a rate of 63.8% but most brands for this age group were producing '75A, 80A, 85A, 75B, 80B and 85B cups' showing a rate of 24.7%. Second, most subjects of this survey didn't know their own breast size and the sizing system of brassiere which are necessary in order to select the proper brassiere size. And most subjects were wearing a bigger size brassiere than their own body size even though one was in the range of '75A, 80A, 85A, 75B, 80B and 85B'. It might be possible that the dimensions of brassiere products in the market and the sizes indicated on the labels do not correspond. For increasing the consumer satisfaction it is necessary to adjust the production rate of brassiere sizes and to develop ergonomic brassiere products with proper dimensions and shapes for each brassiere size.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.673-685
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• 2010

This study evaluates the fitness of brassieres through size measurement, comparative pattern analysis, cross section map analysis, 3-D shape analysis number, and fitness evaluation with a focus on domestic and overseas brands. Experimental brassieres were selected as mold brassieres of 3/4 cup in 75A size that is considered a popular design. Brands of selected brassiere were 2 domestic brands (A, B), 1 licensed brand (C), and 2 overseas brands (D, E). Subjects were 8 women in their early 20's. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, reliability analysis, and factor analysis. The results were as follows; the size and pattern of brassieres showed a difference by each brand even though brassieres are the same design. In the wearing effect of brassieres, overseas brand brassieres played a major role in the breast-up effect, but they were not appropriate for the somatotype of Korean women. Domestic brand brassieres showed the volume-up effect, that was confirmed by the increasing bust circumference, bust depth when subjects wore it. In addition, the licensed brand brassieres showed the correction effect of body shape. Therefore, when purchasing a brassiere, the most important condition is to consider the individual characteristics of the somatotype. The results of factor analysis through a functional evaluation show that wearing satisfaction, size satisfaction, and the position of the bust point were important factors for fitness satisfaction and purchase.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.72-86
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• 2022

Volume-up pads are the most common and easiest way to make women with small breasts beautiful. In this study, to develop a volume-up brassiere pad with excellent wearing effects and appearance, 24 different types of volume-up pads commercially available in the online market were investigated and then 11 types were purchased. Among these eleven types, four pads (PAD1, PAD2, PAD3, PAD4) with distinct shapes and materials were selected through a pre-test. They were compared to the newly developed pad for research (PAD5). The results of the study follow. The results of evaluating appearance when wearing the developed pad (PAD5) were significantly higher than that of other pads, and the appearance evaluation score for the full-cup type pad was excellent. In the wearing satisfaction evaluation result, PAD5 showed generally excellent evaluation scores, and in the case of the touch, preference for the fabric material was higher than that of the silicon pad. In the evaluation of motion adaptability, the developed PAD5 showed generally excellent evaluation scores in all movements, indicating that the full-cup type pads had better motion adaptability than the partial-type pads.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.147-165
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• 1998

The object of this study was to help designing of well-fit and comfortable brassieres for the elementary school girls through the survey on actual condition of wearing brassieres. The subjects of investigation for this study was the elementary school girls in the province of Jeonbuk and Taejeon city. The conclusion of this study was as follows; The 40.2% of the total subjects were wearing brassieres like the 63.3% of the fourth, the 85.4% of the fifth, and the 89.7% of the sixth grade students. The main reason of non wearing brassieres was for the underdeveloped breast, and also that of wearing brassieres was for the good shape of the breast. The main types of brassieres were ranked "Tank Top type", "Mold type", and "Adolescent girl-Bra". They had started to wear brassieres by the recommendation of adults who were their mother or teachers, and usually wearing brassieres all day. They usually purchased brassieres "with mother together" or "only by their mother". The standard of choosing brassieres was also ranked by FASHION, CONVENIENCE, SIZE, TOUCH, and SWEAT ABSORPTION. The total score of satisfaction for wearing brassieres was showed "Average score" and the score higher in Jeonju and Taejeon than in Kunsan. The higher grade and fatter was showed decreasing the score of satisfaction. The higher grade became, the more various for the size and preferable a pure cotton fabric for brassieres. The favorite types of brassieres were "Sport Bra" and "Volume-up Bra". They usually purchased a little larger size than their original size of that.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.72-86
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• 2008

This research focused on determining the brassiere preference index and wearing status of chinese ladies in their 20's living in the Shanghai region of China, to help Korean lingerie companies in their development of bras to successfully advance into the Chinese lingerie market. The main research tool of this research was various different surveys, and the results of the surveys were evaluated using the SPSS 12.0 for Window program. The results of the survey can be summarized as: 1) consciousness and satisfaction level of the body. The satisfaction level of the brest was proportionate to the size of the brassiere, thus, people showed higher level of satisfaction for cone-shaped, semi-circular shaped, prominent-shaped(exposing), lifted-shaped brest over flat-shaped brest. Concerning the relationship between the shape of the brest and the age of the customers, people under 22 years of age preferred flat-shaped, and those between 23-24 years of age preferring exposing and lifted brest, thus as females mature and get older, the size of their brest increases, thus having preference on more circular and lifted-shaped brest and bras. 2) Status of bra wearing in China When we look at the size of the bra in relation to the shape of the brest, those classified as having 'flat-shaped' brest showed a high proportion of A-cups, ranging from 75A, 70A and 80A, where as those of 'cone-shaped' brest represented high ration of B-cups, ranging from 75B, 75A and 80B. Majority of those classified as having 'semi-circular shaped' and 'prominent-shaped(exposing)' brest showed a high ration in the size 80 range. And vast majority of those classified into the 'lifted-shaped' brest group, were reported of having C-cup size bras. 3) Status of Bra Purchasing As people mature, the main reason behind choosing a bra was the actual design of the bra, where they emphasized the importance of aesthetic values. People classified as having 'flat-shaped' and 'cone-shaped' brest emphasized the importance of design and beauty, while those having 'semi-circular shaped,' 'prominent-shaped(exposing),' and 'liftedshaped' brest groups emphasized the importance of hygiene and the material(fabric) of the bra. This shows that when people have relatively smaller brest, they emphasize the importance of external appearance whereas when the size of the brest increases, they pay more attention to the function of the bra rather than the external appearance.