• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.1678-1681
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• 2004

The light-transmission technique has been applied to a slit rheometer for measuring red blood cell aggregation as well as blood viscosity over a range of shear rates. For measurement of blood viscosity and aggregation, instantaneous pressure and transmit-light intensity are measured with time. Using a precision pressure measurement, one can determine the shear stress and shear rate. In addition, a transmitted light through a blood sample indicates degree of RBC aggregation. With abruptly flowing with high shear rate, RBCs rapidly disaggregate and the intensity of the transmitted light becomes low. When continuously flowing with decreasing shear rate, RBCs tend to re-aggregate and the corresponding transmit-intensity gradually increases with time. The light intensity as a degree of RBC aggregation is plotted against shear rate and compared with blood viscosity. The advantages of this design are dual measurement at a time, simplicity, i.e., ease of operation and no moving parts, low cost, short operating time, and the disposable kit which is contacted with blood sample.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.128-136
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• 2008

Evaluation of the solid surface properties by an analysis of the liquid penetration rate into powder beds is very important in applications of powder products. The penetration rate is related the surface property in powder beds. In order to analyze the surface property of powders, the contact angle values of several powders were obtained using the Washbun equation and the Wicking method. The surface free energy value ${\gamma}S$ was divided into a polar component ${\gamma}S^p$ and a dispersion component ${\gamma}S^d$. Inorganic powders such as calcite were used as test samples. The effects of the particle size and the type of experimental liquid on the penetration rate were measured. It was confirmed that the surface free energy of the grinding sample is smaller than that of the classification sample.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.102-111
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• 1998

This study was concerned with the development of a heavy duty rust-converting agent, the function of which is to form metal complex coatings, containing vinyl halide-acrylic terpolymer emulsion, defoamer, emulsifying agent, glass flakes, chelating agent such as gallotannic acid, gallic acid, and pyrogallic acid, and other additives. The resulted emulsion products(Sample No.1~No.5) were characterized through test either in the forms of emulsions, which include Viscosity, Penetration rate, Acidity and Film drying rate test, or in the forms of coated layer on rusty steel substrates by FT-IR, which include hardness, gloss, salt spray, adhesion and flame retardant test. The test results are as follows ; Penetration rate(0.1~0.4 mm/min), Solid content(70%), Acidity (pH 1.8~2.0), Specific gravity(1.30~1.35), Film drying rate(108min, RH 40% ; 150min, RH 80%), Gloss(83~92, incident angle $60^{\circ}$; 88~97, incident angle $85^{\circ}$), Pencil hardness(4H~5H), Adhesion (100/100), Salt spray test(>720Hr), LOI(%) value(38%), Vertical burning test(UL 94-v-l). According to the various performance of specimens show above, the evaluation of the availability of this heavy duty rust-converting agent can be concluded that all the samples(No.1~No.5) are capable of being used in the field of chemical plant and in the hazard areas of fire and explosion potential. It was observed that the properties of sample No.2, especially gloss and hardness, were much better than that of the other samples.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제66권
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• pp.90-97
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• 2023

The effect of citric acid on rice starch gelatinization and low-temperature (4 ℃) storage was studied in order to produce rice cake with a lower retrogradation rate. A citric acid solution in the ratio of 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5% (w/w) of the water used during production was utilized. The gelatinization properties, gel strength, thermal properties, and texture analysis were evaluated to determine the retrogradation rate. The result showed that acid hydrolysis occurred in samples treated with citric acid. Thus, increasing citric acid decreased gelatinization temperature (58.63±1.98 to 45.84±1.24 ℃). The moduli of elasticity increased with increasing citric acid concentration, indicating an increased gel strength. Thermal analysis of starch showed that the onset, peak, and conclusion temperatures of retrogradation were increased significantly with the storage period and decreased with citric acid concentration. After 72 h of low-temperature storage (4 ℃), the retrogradation rate was lowest in the rice cake with 1.5% citric acid solution, with an increased ratio of 12.01 to 13.60% compared to the control sample, with a ratio of 12.99 to 43.54%. This shows a high retrogradation rate in the control sample. Additionally, sensory properties and retrogradation ratio suggest that the addition of 1.0% citric acid solution during rice cake production is efficient in retarding the retrogradation without an adverse effect on the rice cake modeling and acceptance.

• 한국건강관리협회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.115-124
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• 2006

Basically, diagnosis is a comprehensive judgement of the biochemical data which were collected from the patient directly. Therefore, no matter what kinds of well-managed data control are there, if data sample itself is not perfectly appropriate for any reason. we can not rule out high possibility of misunderstanding or wrong diagnosis. Among many possible reasons inadequate sample were collected maybe three situation and circumstances could be assumed as follows. 1. Client did not know what they are supposed to do for sampling 2. Technicians are to qualified or less-experienced on the job 3. Wrong managing or careless treat of the biochemical data sample If it is true, we could manage these problems to be solved through the information sharing and education. In order to verify this hypothesis, actually 5,800 cases were studied from January to August this year. Owing to the thorough education the rate of unappropriated samples reduced to 0.4% from 1.2%. This outcome strongly support the hypothesis of the mutual relation between the proper sample and well-designed education in advance. The importance of information sharing on right process of sample collection should be emphasized.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.333-338
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• 2017

This study was performed to assess microbial contamination of Aronia melanocarpa, blueberry, raspberry, and cranberry sold in several markets. We investigated total aerobic bacteria and detected foodborne bacteria by multiplex PCR from Aronia melanocarpa, blueberry, raspberry, and cranberry. Total aerobic bacteria of each sample showed mean 3.54 log CFU/g for Aronia melanocarpa, mean 1.90 log CFU/g for blueberry, and mean 1.40 log CFU/g for raspberry, but not detected in cranberry. Specially, Aronia melanocarpa contained high total aerobic bacteria contamination among various berries and contamination level reached 4.17 log CFU/g in sample 5. To evaluate the effect of distribution conditions, we also investigated total aerobic bacteria of various berries. Total aerobic bacteria showed mean 2.89 log CFU/g for berries in refrigerated distribution and 1.40 log CFU/g in frozen distribution, but not in dry distribution. For assessment of foodborne bacteria contamination, we conducted PCR with multiplex primers of E. coli O157, S. aureus, B. cereus, V. parahaemolyticus, L. monocytogenes, Y. enterocolitica, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp. Among these foodborne bacteria, B. cereus was amplified in Aronia melanocarpa in sample 4 and blueberry in sample 1, 2, 3, and 5. The result of quantitative analysis of B. cereus contamination showed 4.08 log CFU/g of Aronia melanocarpa in sample 4 and higher contamination rate 4.07 log CFU/g of blueberry in sample 3. These results suggest that strict food safety control in harvest and distribution of various berries is necessary to prevent foodborne disease and improve microbiological safety.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.370-379
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• 2016

This study investigated the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of Jeungpyun prepared with various levels of barley flour and Hizikia fusiformis powder. The pH, volume, and spreadability of the dough as well as the moisture content, color, texture, and sensory evaluation of Jeungpyun were analyzed. The results show that the pH of dough decreased in all sample groups with fermentation time and ultimately revealed a pH level ranging from 5.36~5.44. The spreadability of the dough significantly decreased as the substitute amount of barley flour increased; the sample group with 1% Hizikia fusiformis powder showed a significantly larger spreadability than the sample group with 2% Hizikia fusiformis powder (p<0.01). The moisture content of Jeungpyun significantly increased as the substitute amount of barley flour increased (p<0.01). Lightness and yellowness were reduced as the substitute amount of Hizikia fusiformis powder increased. In measuring texture, the 50% sample group with a high substitute rate of barley flour was observed to have high characteristics of hardness, gumminess, and chewiness. The results of the acceptance test show that the sample group with substituted 50% barley flour and added 2% Hizikia fusiformis powder had a higher acceptance than the sample group with 0% barley flour in terms of color, flavor, texture, and overall acceptance.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.583-589
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• 2002

펙틴에서 곁사슬의 정도가 다르게 제조된 사과펙틴과 토마토펙틴을 이용하여, 낮은 층밀림속도에서부터 높은 층밀림속도까지 적용이 가능한 유변학적 모델을 구하고자 하였다. 지수법칙모델, Cross 모델, Carreau 모델을 실험값에 비교하여 본 결과, Carreau 모델이 가장 적합하였다. 모델식에서 얻어진 층밀림속도 0에서의 점도$({\eta}_0)$는 곁사슬의 정도가 큰 사과펙틴의 경우에는 곁사슬이 많은 sample II가 적은 sample I보다 크게 나은 반면에 곁사슬이 적은 토마토 펙틴은 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으며, 그 값은 사과펙틴보다 크게 나타났다. 모델식의 계수를 펙틴농도에 대한 지수함수로 표현하여 펙틴에서 곁사슬의 영향을 살펴보았다. 즉, 곁사슬이 많은 사과펙틴은 토마토펙틴에 비해 유변학적 성질이 큰 차이를 보이고 있으며 모델로 설명할 수 있다.

• 분석과학
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.261-267
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• 2007

건축자재에서 방출되는 오염물질을 평가하는 20 L 시험챔버법은 챔버 내부에 노출되는 시료의 표면방출만을 측정한다. 일정한 크기로 절단한 시편을 알루미늄 호일로 감싼 후 시편홀더에 고정시켜 20 L 시험챔버 내에 위치시킨 후 방출시험을 실시한다. 이때 시편홀더의 기밀성이 보장되지 못한다면 시료절단면에서 방출되는 오염물질로 인하여 정확한 평가가 이루어질 수 없다. 이러한 절단면의 영향은 표면처리를 하여 표면에서 보다 절단면에서 더 많은 오염물질이 방출되는 판상재(합판, 장판) 시료의 경우 더 크다. 이 연구에서는 바닥재로 사용되는 장판을 대상으로 20 L 시험챔버와 1 L 시험챔버의 방출시험결과를 비교하여 시편홀더의 기밀성을 확인하였다. 또한 가구재로 사용되는 LPM 양면처리한 MDF를 대상으로 현행의 시험방법과 시료절단면을 VOC 저방출 tape으로 밀봉한 방법을 비교하여 시편홀더의 부족한 기밀성의 개선이 가능하지 확인하였다. LPM 양면처리한 MDF의 7일 경과 후 방출강도는 TVOC의 경우 Tape 사용 유무에 따라 각각 $0.009mg/m^2h$, $0.003mg/m^2h$로 기밀성을 보완할 수 있었다. 또한 n=3에서 상대표준편차가 현행의 방법은 $0.004mg/m^2h$, tape을 사용했을 경우 $0.002mg/m^2h$로 현행 방법의 시험편홀더 기밀성 부족으로 인한 절단면의 불균일한 영향을 VOC 저방출테이프 사용으로 배제할 수 있었다.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.159-165
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• 2001

사람 정자에 대한 유인능과 운동성에 미치는 난포액의 영향을 밝히기 위하여 난관 폐색으로 내원한 환자에서 채취한 난포액 sample A, 남성 배우자의 불임으로 내원한 환자에서 채취한 난포액 sample B, Sample A를 가열처리한 난포액 그리고 modified human tubal fluid(m-HTF) 중 어느 하나를 함유한 각각의 모세관을 1, 2 및 4시간 동안 배양하여 유인된 정자의 수와 운동성을 가진 정자의 비율을 조사하였다. 유인된 정자 및 운동성을 가진 정자의 비율은 난포액 sample A에서 m-HTF, 난포액 sample B 및 가열 처리한 난포액보다 유의 적으로(P<0.05) 높게 나타났다. 불활성화 난포액보다 신선 난포액에서 유인능 및 운동성이 높게 나타나는 경향을 보였으나 유의적인 차이는 없었다.