• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2011년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회 1부
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• pp.13-14
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• 2011

Reinforced concrete structures are damaged by concrete carbonation, salt attack, and sulfate attack. The evaluation of the amount of chloride ion from the sea is very important to assess the life expectancy of Reinforced Concrete structures. The incoming salt collector which is developed in Japan has been used until the present, Unfortunately, the incoming salt collector has had a bad reputation which is caused by backward wind. The wind from backward causes the reduction of the amount of collected salt in collector's gauze. The collector was developed for excluding the effect of backward wind. The performance of it was verified from analytic and experimental methods.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.1010-1015
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• 2008

The effects of heat treatment on the physicochemical properties and mineral composition of sun-dried salt were investigated. The salts parched at high temperature were appeared the higher alkalinity and the lower oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) than the samples without heat treatment. The commercial salts (bamboo salt and yellow loess salt) and the sun-dried salt parched at high temperature had relatively higher sodium ion content (418-450 ppm) compared to that (418.0 ppm) of refined salt. The increase of calcium ion occurred in the salts parched at high temperature compared to the sun-dried salt without heat treatment, but the magnesium ion was vice versa. The commercial salt, yellow loess salt had highest turbidity (0.973) whereas sun-dried salt showed lowest level (0.097) among the tested samples. Turbidity of heat treatment samples decreased as solubility increased. The maximum concentration of dialyzed salt was reached after 4 hr regardless of various processed salts, but those had no difference significantly among the tested samples. The X-ray diffraction patterns of the parched sun-dried salts showed different peak intensity with common salts, and they were similar to the patterns of oxide salts, especially MgO. The maximum value (2.56%) of MgO appeared in the sun-dried salt parched at $1,400^{\circ}C$.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제44권7호
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• pp.767-772
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• 2012

In support of optimizing electrorefining technology for treating spent nuclear fuel, lithium drawdown has been investigated for separating actinides from molten salt electrolyte. Drawdown reaction selectivity is a major issue that requires investigation, since the goal is to remove actinides while leaving the fission products and other components in the salt. A series of lithium drawdown tests with surrogate fission product chlorides was run to obtain selectivity data with non-radioactive salts, develop a predictive model, and draw conclusions about the viability of using this process with actinide-loaded salt. Results of tests with CsCl, $LaCl_3$, $CeCl_3$, and $NdCl_3$ are reported here. Equilibrium was typically achieved in less than 10 hours of contact between lithium metal and molten salt under well-stirred conditions. Maintaining low oxygen and water impurity concentrations (<10 ppm) in the atmosphere was observed to be critical to minimize side reactions and maintain stable salt compositions. An equilibrium model has been formulated and fit to the experimental data. Good fits to the data were achieved. Based on analysis and results obtained to date, it is concluded that clean separation between minor actinides and lanthanides will be difficult to achieve using lithium drawdown.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2007년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.8
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• pp.546-547
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• 2007

Magnesium is widely used as a lightweight alloy for car engine components and case of cellular phone. Extraction technologies of magnesium are divided to fused salt electrolysis process and thermal reduction process. In this study, electrolysis magnesium is prepared by fused salt electrolysis process with magnesium chloride. We compared two kinds of mixed salt at 7V. As a result, 47% of current efficiency was obtained by electrolyzing KCl/NaCl/$MgCl_2$ mixed salt bath at $760^{\circ}C$, and purity of the prepared magnesium was over 98%. With this study, we can scale up fused salt electrolysis device and accumulate basic data which will be needed for designing an electrolysis cell.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2024

닭고기 패티에 소금함량을 줄이며 칼슘을 강화하기 위해 패각칼슘분말(SCP)을 첨가하며, 물성을 개선하기 위해 트랜스글루타미나아제(TG)를 첨가했을 때 나타나는 영향을 확인하기 위해 첨가하는 소금과 SCP, TG의 함량을 달리한 5개의 처리구(CON, 소금 2%; T1, 소금 0.75% + SCP 0.2%; T2, 소금 0.75% + SCP 0.2% + TG 0.2%; T3, 소금 0.5% + SCP 0.4%; T4, 소금 0.5% + SCP 0.4% + TG 0.2%)를 제조하여 패티의 육질특성 및 저장성을 비교 분석하였다. 닭고기 패티에 소금 첨가량을 낮췄을 때 회분 함량이 감소했으며 가열감량이 증가했다. 그리고 SCP와 TG를 첨가할수록 pH가 상승하였다. 소금, SCP, TG의 첨가량에 따른 육색의 변화는 없었으며, TG 없이 소금 0.5%와 SCP 0.4%를 첨가했을 때 경도와 씹음성이 감소했다. 소금을 0.5%로 줄이며 SCP 0.4%를 첨가했을 때 관능적으로 다즙성이 떨어진다는 평가를 받았지만 전체기호도를 포함한 나머지 관능평가항목에서는 차이를 보이지 않았다. 소금의 첨가량은 닭고기패티의 TBARS 결과에 영향을 주지 않았지만, 소금을 적게 첨가할 시 미생물 오염에 취약해질 수 있다는 결과를 보였다. 이를 통해 닭고기 패티에 소금을 줄이면서 SCP를 첨가하는 것은 관능적으로 큰 영향을 주지 않지만, 소금을 0.5% 이하로 첨가 시 패티의 물성에 부정적인 영향을 줌으로 TG의 첨가를 고려해야 한다. 또한 소금 첨가량이 감소할 시 미생물로 인한 저장성에 취약해지므로 제조 시 이에 대한 추가 첨가물을 고려해야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.40-45
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• 2003

We studied the effect of Bamboo salt-pro on the growth and acid production of S. mutans. The growth of S.mutans was reduced by the presence of the Bamboo salt-pro (1 mg/ml) and NaCl (1 mg/ml) significantly, and the positive control group (1 % of NaF) also exhibited antibacterial activity significantly. Bamboo salt-pro (1 mg/ml) reduced the rate of acid production by S. mutans. Bamboo salt alone did not demonstrate such a reduction in acid production at the concentration of 1 mg/ml. The inhibitory action of Bamboo salt-pro on acid production was found at a concentration of 1 mg/ml, but bamboo salt alone was not at a concentration of 1 mg/ml. In addition, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of Bamboo salt-pro on human mast cell line HMC-1. Bamboo salt-pro (0.1 and 0.01 mg/ml) inhibited significantly the secretion of inflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor-a with $59.47{\pm}0.15%$, $51.98{\pm}0.16%$ respectively. Our results suggest that Bamboo salt-pro importantly contributes to the prevention or treatment of periodontitis and other oral diseases and inflammatory diseases.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.379-384
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• 2017

LiCl 용융염에서 희토류 산화물의환원율을 높이기 위해 NiO와 혼합하여 전해환원을실시하였다. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) 실험을 통해 LiCl 용융염 내에서 혼합산화물의 전기화학적 환원거동을 조사하였다. 혼합산화물로 제작된 환원전극과 그라파이트 산화전극 사이에 일정한 작동전압을 인가하여 이론전하량 대비 다양한 전하량을 공급한 후 중간생성물의 결정구조를 XRD를 이용하여 분석하였다. NiO 산화물을 첨가함으로써 전기전도성이 좋은 Ni 금속 주위로 희토류 산화물이 환원되어 RE-Ni 합금형태의 금속으로 완전히 전환되었으며, 합금을 형성하는 반응 메커니즘을 제시하였다.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.392-398
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• 2020

Producing solar grade silicon using an inexpensive method is a key factor in lowering silicon solar cell costs; the direct electrochemical reduction of SiO₂ in molten salt is one of the more promising candidates for manufacturing this silicon. In this study, SiO₂ granules were electrochemically reduced in molten CaCl₂ (850℃) using Ag-Si eutectic droplets that catalyze electrochemical reduction and purify the Si product. When Ag is used as the working electrode, the Ag-Si eutectic mixture is formed naturally during SiO₂ reduction. However, since the Ag-Si eutectic droplets are liquid at 850℃, they are easily lost during the reduction process. To minimize the loss of liquid Ag-Si eutectic droplets, a cylindrical graphite container working electrode was introduced and Ag was added separately to the working electrode along with the SiO₂ granules. The graphite container working electrode successfully prevented the loss of the Ag-Si eutectic droplets during reduction. As a result, the Ag-Si eutectic droplets acted as stable catalysts for the electrochemical reduction of SiO₂, thereby producing one-dimensional Si rods through a mechanism similar to that of vapor-liquid-solid growth.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.77-84
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• 2010

상용원자로에서 발생하는 산화물 사용후핵연료의 부피감용과 재활용을 위하여 산화물을 금속으로 환원시키는 공정에 대한 연구가 수행되어 왔다. 다양한 환원법 중에서, 한국원자력연구원은 LiCl-$Li_2O$ 용융염을 반응매질로 사용하는 전해환원공정을 현재 개발 중이다. 파이로 공정의 전단부에 해당하는 전해환원 공정은 PWR 산화물 연료 주기를 소듐냉각 고속로의 금속연료 주기에 연결시켜 준다. 이 논문은 금속전환 공정을 개발/개선하고, 용량 증대를 수행한 한국원자력연구원의 노력을 요약한다.

• 한국육종학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.391-398
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• 2011

Physiological responses to salinity stress were evaluated in six rice genotypes differing in their tolerance to salinity at the seedling stage. Susceptible genotypes ('Dongjingbyeo', 'Hwayeongbyeo', and 'IR29') showed salt injury symptoms (mean 8.8) and higher visual score under salt stress than that of tolerant ones ('Pokkali', 'IR74009', and 'IR73571'). As salinity affects growth and physiological parameters, the six genotypes thus showed significant reduction because of salt stress. Tolerant Japonica/Indica bred lines ('IR74009', 'IR73571') showed lower reduction, 33.9%, 34.5%, and 50%, respectively, in plant seedling height, dry shoot weight and dry root weight than those of the susceptible Japonica varieties ('Dongjingbyeo', 'Hwayeongbyeo'), and the highest reduction under salt stress was observed in dry root weight, followed by dry shoot weight and seedling height, respectively. Shoot $Na^+$ concentration of IR74099 and IR73571 was lower than that of the susceptible varieties, 'Dongjinbyeo' and 'Hwayeongbyeo'. There were no significant differences among genotypes in root $Na^+$ concentration. Shoot $K^+$ concentration showed a reverse tendency compared to shoot $Na^+$ concentration. IR74009 and IR73571 had considerably lower ratio compared to 'Dongjinbyeo' and 'Hwayeongbyeo' in $Na^+/K^+$ ratio of their shoot and was not different the tolerant check, 'Pokkali'.